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Investigating the Effects of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase on Diet-Induced Adiposity and the Regulation of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein 1- [electronic resource]
Investigating the Effects of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase on Diet-Induced Adiposity and the Reg...
Contents Info
Investigating the Effects of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase on Diet-Induced Adiposity and the Regulation of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein 1- [electronic resource]
Material Type  
 단행본
 
0016930946
Date and Time of Latest Transaction  
20240214095841
ISBN  
9798379695392
DDC  
574
Author  
O'Neill, Lucas M. .
Title/Author  
Investigating the Effects of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase on Diet-Induced Adiposity and the Regulation of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein 1 - [electronic resource]
Publish Info  
[S.l.]: : The University of Wisconsin - Madison., 2021
Publish Info  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2021
Material Info  
1 online resource(189 p.)
General Note  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
General Note  
Advisor: Ntambi, James.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2021.
Restrictions on Access Note  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
Restrictions on Access Note  
This item must not be added to any third party search indexes.
Abstracts/Etc  
요약Currently, obesity remains a worldwide epidemic and increases the risk of comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Therefore, comprehensive investigations into the biochemical pathways that promote obesity continue to be warranted. One biochemical pathway of interest is the de novo biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids, which is catalyzed by the stearoyl-CoA desaturase family of enzymes. There are four SCD isoforms in mice (SCD1-4) and two in humans (hSCD1 & hSCD5). In mice, global deletion of Scd1 (GKO) conveys protection against both high-fat diet (HFD) and high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) -induced obesity. Furthermore, deletion of Scd1 in the skin (SKO) and liver (LKO) recapitulated protection against HFD and HCD, respectively. GKO and SKO mice are protected against HFD because they are hypermetabolic due to a defective skin barrier that leads to a breakdown in adaptive thermoregulation. The mechanism of HCD protection in LKO mice is currently unclear but evidence suggests it involves multiple hepatokines. One hepatokine of interest is insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP1). IGFBP1 is one of the most differentially expressed genes between GKO and wild-type mice and enhanced IGFBP1 expression has been reported to promote glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity. To date, the relationship between Scd1 deficiency and up-regulation of IGFBP1 has not been established and it is unknown if global deletion of other SCD isoforms will yield similar protection against diet-induced adiposity. In this dissertation, I examine the metabolic effects of the SCD2 isoform under HFD and HCD diet feeding conditions, the role of SCD2 in preadipocyte differentiation in vivo and in vitro, and the relationship between hepatic SCD1 and IGFBP1. Specifically, I show that: 1. Global deletion of Scd2 conveys protection against diet-induced adiposity and improves glucose and insulin tolerance; 2. SCD2 is not required for preadipocyte differentiation in vivo despite being required in vitro; and 3. Hepatic oleic acid levels regulate insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 partially through the mTOR-FGF21 axis during high-carbohydrate feeding.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Biochemistry.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Public health.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Epidemiology.
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Obesity
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Fatty acids
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Biochemical pathway
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Hepatic oleic acid
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Liver disease
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Cancer
Added Entry-Corporate Name  
The University of Wisconsin - Madison Biochemistry-ALS
Host Item Entry  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 84-12B.
Host Item Entry  
Dissertation Abstract International
Electronic Location and Access  
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소장사항  
202402 2024
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