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Essays on Industrial Organization of Banking and Finance- [electronic resource]
Essays on Industrial Organization of Banking and Finance - [electronic resource]
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Essays on Industrial Organization of Banking and Finance- [electronic resource]
자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101220
ISBN  
9798379905293
DDC  
658
저자명  
Dharmarajan, Vinod.
서명/저자  
Essays on Industrial Organization of Banking and Finance - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : University of Washington., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(144 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Eun, Dong-Jae.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약I explore the market structure of the Indian banking industry and its implications for designing policies. My main chapter (Chapter 2) analyses how multi-market contact between banks (measured as overlap between banks across different marketplaces) affects the market structure. I find evidence of an oligopolistic market, with a dominant bank.In Chapter 1, I measure the competition in the Indian banking industry using the Lerner index and Boone indicator. I construct a unique dataset of base rates of banks at a quarterly cadence to estimate different measures of competition in the market. Past studies have used imputed price of loans, calculated as the ratio of interest earned over total amount of loans and advances. Such an approach has its limitations when banks experience large amount of non-performing loans and advances and leads to lower imputed prices even when the actual price of loans has not decreased. I address this shortcoming by using the dataset of bank-wise quarterly base rates. I find competition is decreasing in the banking industry during the sample period whereas using imputed price of loans shows increasing competition.In Chapter 2, I empirically test for evidence for the theory of mutual forbearance or the linked oligopoly theory. The theory states that firms compete less aggressively with each other in a given market if they fear retaliation from rivals in other markets where they both operate. There are two main results in this paper: (1) I look at whether multimarket contact between banks in India due to geographic overlap of branches affects bank profitability. Using a bank-level fixed effects model for a sample of 110 unique banks between 2005-2021, I find evidence supporting the theory of mutual forbearance. (2) I use a Bresnahan-Lau structural model framework to estimate the market structure parameter for the Indian banking industry. Defining markets at the state-level and focusing on the market for credit for the same time period, I estimate these structural parameters using a simultaneous, non-linear 3SLS system of equations with instrumental variables. The estimated structural parameters indicate that the market represents one where prices (interest rates for loans) are set under joint profit maximization. I argue that rather than a monopoly market, the banking market is characterized by a dominant bank who sets the market price and the remaining banks who set prices based off the residual demand curve. This is based on the data on market share, where the largest bank has a market share of at least 16% throughout the sample period (irrespective of whether market share is measured in terms of deposits, credit, assets or number of branches). Chapter 3, explores the different determinants of access to formal finance as well as its usage at the household and individual level in India. Using a nationally representative survey data covering 2018, I find significant differences (economically and statistically) in terms of gender in access to and use of formal finance. At an individual level, I find that women are 29% less likely to have a bank account relative to men. Further, at the level of the household, households headed by females are 9% less likely to have accessed credit from a formal source relative to households headed by men. I apply Cragg's Double Hurdle model and find evidence of the gender disparity in the intensity of use of credit from formal sources. Households headed by women use 29.9% less credit from formal sources and 10.6% credit from informal sources compared to households headed by men. Existence of gender disparities in access and use of finance call for greater attention while devising policies to increase financial inclusion and avoid accentuating these disparities. Findings from the first two chapters indicate that the policy to expand branches could be counter-productive in improving financial access. Expansion of branches can increase multi-market contact, which reduces the competition in the market and can lead to higher interest rates on credit. In the third chapter, I find differences in access to and use of formal financial resources by gender, caste (social group), religion, education, and place of residence. Increasing branch networks can have the unintended effect of worsening financial access to minorities. Together, the findings call for greater attention on designing policies to address these structural issues on financial inclusion.
일반주제명  
Finance.
키워드  
India
키워드  
Industrial organization theory
키워드  
Market structure
키워드  
Boone indicator
기타저자  
University of Washington Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-01A.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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