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Understanding the African American Vagal Advantage: Anticipation, and Regulation in the Face of Racism- [electronic resource]
Understanding the African American Vagal Advantage: Anticipation, and Regulation in the Fa...
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Understanding the African American Vagal Advantage: Anticipation, and Regulation in the Face of Racism- [electronic resource]
자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101248
ISBN  
9798379723699
DDC  
301.1
저자명  
Harrod, Ethan Glenn.
서명/저자  
Understanding the African American Vagal Advantage: Anticipation, and Regulation in the Face of Racism - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : The University of Wisconsin - Madison., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(109 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Niedenthal, Paula M.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약The blending of White identity with systems of racism at all levels of society has created a nation that inherently provides power and privilege to White people while actively disadvantaging those who are not phenotypically White. In combination with widespread racial segregation, these systemic biases have resulted in the formation of White Spaces throughout the U.S. - spaces that consist majoritively of White Americans and perpetuate, intentionally or otherwise, social norms and beliefs rooted in Whiteness and biased against non-white individuals with a particular negative bias towards Black Americans. For Black Americans, failure to navigate White spaces without activating racial stereotypes in the minds of their peers can negatively impact their mental health, increase the likelihood of future instances of discrimination, and have lasting physical health consequences. Indeed, the experience and threat of racism serve as a chronic stressor in the lives of Black Americans and is widely considered to be a primary driver of racial differences in physical health - in particular, poorer sympathetic nervous system health among Black Americans, as compared to White Americans. Despite the well-documented negative effect of racism on the sympathetic nervous system and, consequently, the mental and physical health of Black Americans, examination of the impact that racism may have on the other branch of the autonomic nervous system - the parasympathetic nervous system - has revealed largely contradictory findings. When compared to White Americans, Black Americans simultaneously possess worse sympathetic nervous system functioning and better parasympathetic nervous system functioning. This finding - dubbed the African American Vagal Advantage - stands counter to the current understanding of autonomic nervous system health and the impact of chronic stress of racism on autonomic regulation - implying a more nuanced relationship between the autonomic nervous system and racial discrimination. The present research proposes and tests a social regulatory explanation for the African American Vagal Advantage. We theorize that the constant monitoring and regulation required of Black Americans to manage and avoid instances of racism in White spaces serves to exercise the socially adaptive function of the parasympathetic nervous system and improve autonomic health - giving rise to the otherwise paradoxical African American Vagal Advantage. We tested this theory across two studies.In Study 1, we compared the use of emotion regulation strategies and the endorsement of emotional display rules between Black and White Americans and tested the potential moderating role of White population size. The results of Study 1 suggest that Black, compared to White, Americans make use of putatively adaptive strategies and skills, and more frequently endorse the use of emotional display rules emphasizing emotional clarity. Notably, these relationships were greater in majoritively White populations and the presence of unfamiliar, compared to familiar, others. In Study 2, we examined the potential relationship between the parasympathetic health (indexed via vagally mediated heart rate variability) of Black Americans and the extent to which individuals anticipate prejudice and believe White people hold racist stereotypes. Moreover, we tested the potential moderating effect of White population size. The results of Study 2 suggest that the anticipation/expectation of racial prejudice in spaces where racism is less likely to occur (i.e., spaces that are not majoritively White) harms the parasympathetic health of Black Americans. However, in spaces where the threat of racism is greater (i.e., majoritively White spaces), anticipating/expecting racial prejudice is linked to better parasympathetic health. Taken together, our findings lend support to the claim that anticipating/expecting prejudice in contexts where racism is more likely prepares Black Americans adaptively regulate their emotions and behavior - potentially avoiding instances of racial prejudice while simultaneously exercising and improving parasympathetic health. Future work aims to draw causal links between the anticipation of prejudice, the use of adaptive regulation when in White spaces, and improvements in parasympathetic health.
일반주제명  
Social psychology.
일반주제명  
Physiological psychology.
일반주제명  
Psychology.
키워드  
African American health
키워드  
Emotion regulation
키워드  
Heart rate variability
키워드  
Racial disparities
키워드  
Racism
키워드  
Vagal tone
기타저자  
The University of Wisconsin - Madison Psychology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 84-12B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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