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High-Valent Copper-Dioxygen Assemblies: Synthesis, Characterization, and Potential Relevance to Biological Systems- [electronic resource]
High-Valent Copper-Dioxygen Assemblies: Synthesis, Characterization, and Potential Relevan...
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High-Valent Copper-Dioxygen Assemblies: Synthesis, Characterization, and Potential Relevance to Biological Systems- [electronic resource]
자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214100351
ISBN  
9798379649791
DDC  
540
저자명  
Keown, William Jay.
서명/저자  
High-Valent Copper-Dioxygen Assemblies: Synthesis, Characterization, and Potential Relevance to Biological Systems - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : Stanford University., 2021
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2021
형태사항  
1 online resource(251 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Cui, Yi;Solomon, Edward;Stack, Daniel.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2021.
사용제한주기  
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초록/해제  
요약Biological enzymes utilize various copper-based active sites to activate dioxygen creating a variety of copper-dioxygen assemblies. These assemblies carry out highly selective and difficult oxidative transformations vital to biological life. Insight into how Nature has optimized these active sites can be gleaned by studying synthetic structural mimics and has potential to be of great benefit to the industrial design of catalysts. While the resting structures of many of these active sites are known, the nature of the active oxidants are often less well-defined. In this thesis, efforts towards the cryogenic synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of copper(III)-containing oxidants, formed directly via dioxygen activation of biomimetic copper precursors, will be discussed. This work demonstrates both the kinetic and thermodynamic accessibility of the copper(III) oxidation state under biological ligation, which challenges existing assumptions in the literature through the identification of reactive intermediates.Chapter 1 of this thesis provides an introduction to the field of copper-dioxygen chemistry. The structures, formation, and reactivity of the many various copper-dioxygen assemblies are discussed in both synthetic and biological contexts. The methods by which we study these systems are also introduced. The focus of this work is on the synthesis and characterization of high-valent systems - systems containing copper in the 3+ (III) oxidation state - and so these assemblies are discussed in greater detail.Chapter 2 describes the original project on modeling an enzyme known as Tyrosinase - the results of which the remaining work was inspired by. Tyrosinases (Ty) are ubiquitous binuclear copper enzymes that oxygenate to Cu(II)2O2 ( SP) cores bonded by three histidine Nt-imidazoles per Cu center. Synthetic monodentate imidazole bonded SP species self-assemble in a near quantitative manner at -125°C, but Np-ligation has been required. This work discloses the syntheses and reactivity of three Nt-imidazole bonded SP species at solution temperatures of -145°C, which was achieved using a eutectic mixture of THF and 2-MeTHF. The addition of anionic phenolates affords a Cu(III)2O2 (O) species, where the bonded phenolates hydroxylate to catecholates in high yields.Chapter 3 of this thesis expands upon the Cu(III)-containing reactive intermediates in biological ligation identified in Chapter 2 by identifying stable Cu(III)- containing species which are exclusively ligated by imidazole ligands. This work describes the synthesis and structural characterization of L2Cu(III)2O2 and L3Cu(III)Cu(II)2O2 complexes formed directly from the oxygenation of LCu(I) precursors with exclusive imidazole ligation for the first time. These complexes inform on the kinetic and thermodynamic viability of Cu(III) under such oxygenation conditions in synthetic systems, and by extension in biological systems. Contrary to expectations based on pKa's, imidazole ligation stabilizes the Cu(III) oxidation state to the greatest degree relative to other neutral, nitrogenous ligands, a result rationalized through its greater proton affinity. An analysis suggests that imidazole possesses the s-donating power of trimethylamine yet the steric demands of methylamine, rationalizing its superior ligating abilities.Finally, Chapter 4 focuses on the direct oxygenation capabilities of Cu(I) ligated by bidentate, nitrogenous ligands including imidazoles, amines, and pyridines.
일반주제명  
Crystal structure.
일반주제명  
Oxidation.
일반주제명  
Fourier transforms.
일반주제명  
Sodium.
일반주제명  
Endangered & extinct species.
일반주제명  
Solvents.
일반주제명  
Symmetry.
일반주제명  
Energy.
일반주제명  
Enzymes.
일반주제명  
Extinction.
일반주제명  
Mathematics.
일반주제명  
Wildlife conservation.
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 84-12B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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