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Electronic and Thermal Behavior of Germanium Telluride-Tin Telluride Solid Solutions Near the Structural Phase Transition- [electronic resource]
Electronic and Thermal Behavior of Germanium Telluride-Tin Telluride Solid Solutions Near ...
Electronic and Thermal Behavior of Germanium Telluride-Tin Telluride Solid Solutions Near the Structural Phase Transition- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101650
ISBN  
9798380152778
DDC  
530
저자명  
Cooling, Corey C.
서명/저자  
Electronic and Thermal Behavior of Germanium Telluride-Tin Telluride Solid Solutions Near the Structural Phase Transition - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : Michigan State University., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(149 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Morelli, Donald T.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Humanity finds itself in an energy crisis, where our energy demands now and in the future are far out of balance with our ability to produce that energy safely and thoughtfully. Many energy systems today utilize the chemical energy stored in hydrocarbons in processes that create, in addition to ubiquitous carbon dioxide, extra energy in the form of heat that is usually wasted. This extra energy in the form of heat, in combustion engines and in other applications, instead of being wasted could be converted into usable electrical energy with the help of a class of materials called thermoelectrics.Thermoelectric devices are a class of materials, usually semiconductors, that convert temperature gradients into usable electrical energy. One critical drawback of thermoelectric technology today is the relatively low efficiency of thermoelectric devices. In order to evaluate a material's efficiency researchers use the dimensionless figure-of-merit, ZT, which is a product of a number of electronic and thermal material properties. By examining the material properties which influence ZT values we can systematically develop higher efficiency thermoelectric devices.Here we present a study of the structural and transport properties of GeTe-SnTe solid solutions near the temperatures of their structural phase transition. As two well-known class IV-VI semiconducting materials GeTe and SnTe have been well studied and developed for thermoelectric applications, but there exists a relative dearth of research on their solid solutions. As a complete solid solution, Sn can replace Ge at any concentration without changing the crystal system. One aspect about GeTe that makes it interesting for thermoelectrics is that its crystal structure transforms from a low-temperature rhombohedral phase to a high-temperature cubic rocksalt phase about 670K. By contrast, SnTe undergoes a similar transformation at about 100K. Previous studies have shown that in large crystals of GeTe replacing Sn for Ge, Ge(1- x)Sn(x)Te, lowers the transition temperature as a function of Sn content. By studying the solid solution across all values of x, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, one has available a unique crystal system with a structural phase transition spanning well above to well below room temperature.For this study, polycrystalline samples were synthesized from ingots using power metallurgy techniques and their thermoelectric properties were measured from 300-770K.We show x-ray diffraction data to show the phase purity and lattice constant of these solid solutions, as well as observe the elastic constants at room temperature. We report phase transition temperatures from observations of changes in crystal structure at elevated and room temperatures. We then show the electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermal conductivity as a function of temperature and Sn content. Our results show that at low Sn concentrations, Sn atoms fill Ge vacancies that cause a decrease in the electrical conductivity from a reduction of the carrier concentration. At higher Sn concentrations these filled vacancies contribute to an increase in the carrier mobility which offsets the decrease in carrier concentration while also increasing the Seebeck coefficient. The thermal behavior of the system shows strong evidence of alloy scattering with a minimum near concentrations with similar amounts of Ge and Sn. Distinct discontinuities in the total thermal conductivity also provide evidence for the determination of structural transition temperatures. Taken together, these studies enable a complete characterization of the ZT for these materials above room temperature as well as a contribution to the structural phase diagram. The highest ZT values obtained at 400 °C in Ge(1-x)Sn(x)Te were for x-values x=0.05 and x=0.60 with values of 0.36 and 0.31 respectively, which is impressive for unoptimized materials.
일반주제명  
Physics.
일반주제명  
Condensed matter physics.
일반주제명  
Materials science.
키워드  
Germanium telluride
키워드  
Solid solution
키워드  
Thermoelectric
키워드  
Tin telluride
키워드  
Electrical energy
기타저자  
Michigan State University Physics - Doctor of Philosophy
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-02B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■00520240214101650
■006m          o    d                
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■020    ▼a9798380152778
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30634188
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a530
■1001  ▼aCooling,  Corey  C.▼0(orcid)0000-0003-0096-5526
■24510▼aElectronic  and  Thermal  Behavior  of  Germanium  Telluride-Tin  Telluride  Solid  Solutions  Near  the  Structural  Phase  Transition▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bMichigan  State  University.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(149  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Morelli,  Donald  T.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Michigan  State  University,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aHumanity  finds  itself  in  an  energy  crisis,  where  our  energy  demands  now  and  in  the  future  are  far  out  of  balance  with  our  ability  to  produce  that  energy  safely  and  thoughtfully.  Many  energy  systems  today  utilize  the  chemical  energy  stored  in  hydrocarbons  in  processes  that  create,  in  addition  to  ubiquitous  carbon  dioxide,  extra  energy  in  the  form  of  heat  that  is  usually  wasted.  This  extra  energy  in  the  form  of  heat,  in  combustion  engines  and  in  other  applications,  instead  of  being  wasted  could  be  converted  into  usable  electrical  energy  with  the  help  of  a  class  of  materials  called  thermoelectrics.Thermoelectric  devices  are  a  class  of  materials,  usually  semiconductors,  that  convert  temperature  gradients  into  usable  electrical  energy.  One  critical  drawback  of  thermoelectric  technology  today  is  the  relatively  low  efficiency  of  thermoelectric  devices.  In  order  to  evaluate  a  material's  efficiency  researchers  use  the  dimensionless  figure-of-merit,  ZT,  which  is  a  product  of  a  number  of  electronic  and  thermal  material  properties.  By  examining  the  material  properties  which  influence  ZT  values  we  can  systematically  develop  higher  efficiency  thermoelectric  devices.Here  we  present  a  study  of  the  structural  and  transport  properties  of  GeTe-SnTe  solid  solutions  near  the  temperatures  of  their  structural  phase  transition.  As  two  well-known  class  IV-VI  semiconducting  materials  GeTe  and  SnTe  have  been  well  studied  and  developed  for  thermoelectric  applications,  but  there  exists  a  relative  dearth  of  research  on  their  solid  solutions.  As  a  complete  solid  solution,  Sn  can  replace  Ge  at  any  concentration  without  changing  the  crystal  system.  One  aspect  about  GeTe  that  makes  it  interesting  for  thermoelectrics  is  that  its  crystal  structure  transforms  from  a  low-temperature  rhombohedral  phase  to  a  high-temperature  cubic  rocksalt  phase  about  670K.  By  contrast,  SnTe  undergoes  a  similar  transformation  at  about  100K.  Previous  studies  have  shown  that  in  large  crystals  of  GeTe  replacing  Sn  for  Ge,  Ge(1-  x)Sn(x)Te,  lowers  the  transition  temperature  as  a  function  of  Sn  content.  By  studying  the  solid  solution  across  all  values  of  x,  0  ≤  x  ≤  1,  one  has  available  a  unique  crystal  system  with  a  structural  phase  transition  spanning  well  above  to  well  below  room  temperature.For  this  study,  polycrystalline  samples  were  synthesized  from  ingots  using  power  metallurgy  techniques  and  their  thermoelectric  properties  were  measured  from  300-770K.We  show  x-ray  diffraction  data  to  show  the  phase  purity  and  lattice  constant  of  these  solid  solutions,  as  well  as  observe  the  elastic  constants  at  room  temperature.  We  report  phase  transition  temperatures  from  observations  of  changes  in  crystal  structure  at  elevated  and  room  temperatures.  We  then  show  the  electrical  conductivity,  Seebeck  coefficient,  and  thermal  conductivity  as  a  function  of  temperature  and  Sn  content.  Our  results  show  that  at  low  Sn  concentrations,  Sn  atoms  fill  Ge  vacancies  that  cause  a  decrease  in  the  electrical  conductivity  from  a  reduction  of  the  carrier  concentration.  At  higher  Sn  concentrations  these  filled  vacancies  contribute  to  an  increase  in  the  carrier  mobility  which  offsets  the  decrease  in  carrier  concentration  while  also  increasing  the  Seebeck  coefficient.  The  thermal  behavior  of  the  system  shows  strong  evidence  of  alloy  scattering  with  a  minimum  near  concentrations  with  similar  amounts  of  Ge  and  Sn.  Distinct  discontinuities  in  the  total  thermal  conductivity  also  provide  evidence  for  the  determination  of  structural  transition  temperatures.  Taken  together,  these  studies  enable  a  complete  characterization  of  the  ZT  for  these  materials  above  room  temperature  as  well  as  a  contribution  to  the  structural  phase  diagram.  The  highest  ZT  values  obtained  at  400  °C  in  Ge(1-x)Sn(x)Te  were  for  x-values  x=0.05  and  x=0.60  with  values  of  0.36  and  0.31  respectively,  which  is  impressive  for  unoptimized  materials.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0128.
■650  4▼aPhysics.
■650  4▼aCondensed  matter  physics.
■650  4▼aMaterials  science.
■653    ▼aGermanium  telluride
■653    ▼aSolid  solution
■653    ▼aThermoelectric
■653    ▼aTin  telluride
■653    ▼aElectrical  energy
■690    ▼a0605
■690    ▼a0794
■690    ▼a0611
■71020▼aMichigan  State  University▼bPhysics  -  Doctor  of  Philosophy.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-02B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0128
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16934758▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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