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Exploring the Effects of Maltreatment and Child Welfare System Experiences on Juvenile Justice Involvement- [electronic resource]
Exploring the Effects of Maltreatment and Child Welfare System Experiences on Juvenile Justice Involvement- [electronic resource]
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문파일 국외
- 최종처리일시
- 20240214095909
- ISBN
- 9798380619011
- DDC
- 361
- 서명/저자
- Exploring the Effects of Maltreatment and Child Welfare System Experiences on Juvenile Justice Involvement - [electronic resource]
- 발행사항
- [S.l.]: : University of California, Berkeley., 2021
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2021
- 형태사항
- 1 online resource(49 p.)
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-04, Section: A.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Skeem, Jennifer.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2021.
- 사용제한주기
- This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
- 초록/해제
- 요약This dissertation examines the effect of maltreatment and child welfare experiences - separately and together - on juvenile justice recidivism. Youth who are involved in both the child welfare system and the juvenile justice system have become a population of concern for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners primarily due to the perceived compounding adverse outcomes of dual-system involvement. Yet, there is still much that remains to be understood about the relationship between child maltreatment, child welfare system involvement, and juvenile delinquency from a causal perspective. Specifically, while there has been a consistent link found between maltreatment and any justice system involvement, the question of how maltreatment and child welfare experiences impact recidivism among youth who are already justice-involved has not been well explored. The few studies that examine recidivism among crossover youth are limited by narrow sample selection and lack of rigorous causal methods. Additionally, maltreatment and child welfare system experiences are often conflated in the literature and not examined as two separate and distinct experiences. The unique impacts of maltreatment versus child welfare system involvement and the combined interaction of these two distinct experiences on risk for recidivism are largely unexamined.This study addresses these gaps in the research by rigorously examining how maltreatment and child welfare experiences may impact risk for juvenile justice recidivism, utilizing advanced causal inference methods and controlling for significant potential confounders. Maltreatment and child welfare involvement are also examined as two unique variables to further our understanding of how the distinct experiences impact recidivism. Specific aims include testing 1) whether a history of maltreatment increases the risk of recidivism, 2) whether a history of child welfare system involvement increases the risk of recidivism, and 3) whether self-reported maltreatment moderates the effect of child welfare involvement on recidivism.This study involves a retrospective review of administrative data from the Santa Clara County Probation Department (SCCPD). The study sample includes 287 youth who were referred to probation between August 2015 and December 2017, exited probation during that time, and had at least one sustained petition during that time. I chose to focus on youth with at least one sustained petition because the only measure of recidivism in the dataset is a subsequent sustained petition. Additionally, although imperfect, sustained petitions are the best available measure of whether an offense actually occurred. Recidivism data was measured through June 2019, allowing for 18 months of follow-up data for all youth in the sample. Youth with two or more sustained petitions were considered to have recidivated. Analyses were conducted using targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) - a doubly-robust, semi-parametric approach that uses estimates of both the treatment mechanisms and the outcome regressions to rigorously control for associations between confounders and both treatment and outcomes, making it a particularly useful method for examining causal questions using quasi-experimental designs where comparison groups may not be equivalent at baseline.While the extant literature has established a relationship between maltreatment and justice-system involvement, there are few studies that examine the outcome of recidivism. This study did not find a significant relationship between either maltreatment or child welfare system involvement and recidivism. Neither maltreatment nor child welfare system involvement impacted a youth's likelihood of recidivism at 18 months, and there were no moderation effects when examining the interaction between maltreatment and child welfare system involvement. It may be that this study found no relationship among these experiences due to the unique design of this study - including the broader sample used, important confounders included, and causal methods utilized; alternatively, the results may not align with previous literature due to limitations in this study's dataset, such as a relatively small sample size and some missingness in key variables.How these two distinct experiences - maltreatment and child welfare involvement - may impact juvenile justice outcomes is a policy-relevant question in need of further examination. Future research should examine child welfare system involvement using advanced causal inference methods where the data allows for a more detailed and complete picture of the youth's involvement with the child welfare system, such as data on case openings, out-of-home-placements, and timing of system involvement. This type of research would help illuminate the specific child welfare experiences and pathways that may be helpful or harmful to a youth's risk of recidivism.
- 일반주제명
- Social work.
- 일반주제명
- Law.
- 일반주제명
- Criminology.
- 키워드
- Child welfare
- 기타저자
- University of California, Berkeley Social Welfare
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-04A.
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertation Abstract International
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798380619011
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■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a361
■1001 ▼aChambers, Jaclyn Edna.
■24510▼aExploring the Effects of Maltreatment and Child Welfare System Experiences on Juvenile Justice Involvement▼h[electronic resource]
■260 ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity of California, Berkeley. ▼c2021
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor :▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses, ▼c2021
■300 ▼a1 online resource(49 p.)
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-04, Section: A.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Skeem, Jennifer.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2021.
■506 ▼aThis item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
■520 ▼aThis dissertation examines the effect of maltreatment and child welfare experiences - separately and together - on juvenile justice recidivism. Youth who are involved in both the child welfare system and the juvenile justice system have become a population of concern for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners primarily due to the perceived compounding adverse outcomes of dual-system involvement. Yet, there is still much that remains to be understood about the relationship between child maltreatment, child welfare system involvement, and juvenile delinquency from a causal perspective. Specifically, while there has been a consistent link found between maltreatment and any justice system involvement, the question of how maltreatment and child welfare experiences impact recidivism among youth who are already justice-involved has not been well explored. The few studies that examine recidivism among crossover youth are limited by narrow sample selection and lack of rigorous causal methods. Additionally, maltreatment and child welfare system experiences are often conflated in the literature and not examined as two separate and distinct experiences. The unique impacts of maltreatment versus child welfare system involvement and the combined interaction of these two distinct experiences on risk for recidivism are largely unexamined.This study addresses these gaps in the research by rigorously examining how maltreatment and child welfare experiences may impact risk for juvenile justice recidivism, utilizing advanced causal inference methods and controlling for significant potential confounders. Maltreatment and child welfare involvement are also examined as two unique variables to further our understanding of how the distinct experiences impact recidivism. Specific aims include testing 1) whether a history of maltreatment increases the risk of recidivism, 2) whether a history of child welfare system involvement increases the risk of recidivism, and 3) whether self-reported maltreatment moderates the effect of child welfare involvement on recidivism.This study involves a retrospective review of administrative data from the Santa Clara County Probation Department (SCCPD). The study sample includes 287 youth who were referred to probation between August 2015 and December 2017, exited probation during that time, and had at least one sustained petition during that time. I chose to focus on youth with at least one sustained petition because the only measure of recidivism in the dataset is a subsequent sustained petition. Additionally, although imperfect, sustained petitions are the best available measure of whether an offense actually occurred. Recidivism data was measured through June 2019, allowing for 18 months of follow-up data for all youth in the sample. Youth with two or more sustained petitions were considered to have recidivated. Analyses were conducted using targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) - a doubly-robust, semi-parametric approach that uses estimates of both the treatment mechanisms and the outcome regressions to rigorously control for associations between confounders and both treatment and outcomes, making it a particularly useful method for examining causal questions using quasi-experimental designs where comparison groups may not be equivalent at baseline.While the extant literature has established a relationship between maltreatment and justice-system involvement, there are few studies that examine the outcome of recidivism. This study did not find a significant relationship between either maltreatment or child welfare system involvement and recidivism. Neither maltreatment nor child welfare system involvement impacted a youth's likelihood of recidivism at 18 months, and there were no moderation effects when examining the interaction between maltreatment and child welfare system involvement. It may be that this study found no relationship among these experiences due to the unique design of this study - including the broader sample used, important confounders included, and causal methods utilized; alternatively, the results may not align with previous literature due to limitations in this study's dataset, such as a relatively small sample size and some missingness in key variables.How these two distinct experiences - maltreatment and child welfare involvement - may impact juvenile justice outcomes is a policy-relevant question in need of further examination. Future research should examine child welfare system involvement using advanced causal inference methods where the data allows for a more detailed and complete picture of the youth's involvement with the child welfare system, such as data on case openings, out-of-home-placements, and timing of system involvement. This type of research would help illuminate the specific child welfare experiences and pathways that may be helpful or harmful to a youth's risk of recidivism.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0028.
■650 4▼aSocial work.
■650 4▼aLaw.
■650 4▼aCriminology.
■653 ▼aChild welfare
■653 ▼aChild maltreatment
■653 ▼aModeration effects
■690 ▼a0452
■690 ▼a0398
■690 ▼a0627
■71020▼aUniversity of California, Berkeley▼bSocial Welfare.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g85-04A.
■773 ▼tDissertation Abstract International
■790 ▼a0028
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2021
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16931086▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
■980 ▼a202402▼f2024


