서브메뉴
검색
Essays on Economics of Beliefs- [electronic resource]
Essays on Economics of Beliefs- [electronic resource]
Detailed Information
- 자료유형
- 학위논문파일 국외
- 최종처리일시
- 20240214101249
- ISBN
- 9798379741938
- DDC
- 100
- 서명/저자
- Essays on Economics of Beliefs - [electronic resource]
- 발행사항
- [S.l.]: : University of California, Los Angeles., 2023
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
- 형태사항
- 1 online resource(197 p.)
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: A.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Perez-Truglia, Ricardo;Wasserman, Melanie.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2023.
- 사용제한주기
- This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
- 초록/해제
- 요약This dissertation studies the effects and elicitation of beliefs. In the first chapter we estimate the effects of macroeconomic expectations on consumer decisions. We examine this question using an experiment with 2,872 credit card customers at a large commercial bank. We provide participants with expert forecasts of inflation and the nominal exchange rate and measure the consumption response to this information using detailed data on individual credit card transactions. We find that forecasts strongly affect inflation and exchange rate expectations, but do not change spending or self-reported consumption plans as predicted by standard models of intertemporal choice. Results from a supplementary survey experiment suggest that consumers are sophisticated enough to anticipate nominal rigidities that lower expected real income and reduce spending on durables for precautionary reasons, counteracting the effects predicted by standard models of intertemporal optimization. The absence of a link between consumer expectations and behavior has potentially important implications for macroeconomic policies such as forward guidance.The counter-intuitive results motivate development of more flexible method of belief elicitation, which could facilitate understanding of the subjects' decision making. While the elicitation of numerical variables, such as inflation, is well understood, certain beliefs, such as action plans during an inflation hike, cannot be represented numerically and require verbal elicitation. Verbal elicitation forces the researcher either to use open-ended questions or know the most important answers in advance. We propose a method to crowdsource potential answers to open-ended questions. This ensures that the survey is adaptive and does not miss important answers while maintaining a low-cost, multiple-choice format. We propose two measures of information loss to evaluate the quality of multiple-choice questions: the semantic similarity of selected answers to the open-ended answers to the same question and the probability of selecting any answer from the list. We conduct an experiment to examine the impact of monetary incentives and characteristics of respondents on the quality of crowdsourced answers. Our findings show that incentives can increase quality and effort, but the effects are relatively small compared to the variation across respondents. We find that option authors' similarity to the respondents in beliefs, political views, and demographics, explains a large fraction of the variation in quality. These results imply that sample selection is likely to be more important for crowdsourcing hypotheses than incentive design.The third chapter outlines a research agenda extending the work on the verbal elicitation techniques. In particular, we focus on the potential of large language models (LLMs) to improve belief elicitation techniques with natural language. We review the current state of belief elicitation in economics. Next, we introduce the main architectures and relevant fine-tuning techniques for LLMs. Lastly, we discuss the potential applications of LLMs to belief elicitation and the utilization of beliefs in empirical work. This includes using LLMs for representing beliefs numerically, interacting with subjects during belief elicitation, and generating hypotheses regarding how beliefs affect actions.
- 일반주제명
- Epistemology.
- 일반주제명
- Philosophy.
- 키워드
- Beliefs
- 키워드
- Expectations
- 키워드
- Field experiment
- 키워드
- Lab experiment
- 키워드
- Spending
- 기타저자
- University of California, Los Angeles Management (MS/PHD) 0535
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 84-12A.
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertation Abstract International
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
008240612s2023 us |||||||||||||||c||eng d■001000016933461
■00520240214101249
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798379741938
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30529542
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a100
■1001 ▼aGalashin, Mikhail.
■24510▼aEssays on Economics of Beliefs▼h[electronic resource]
■260 ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity of California, Los Angeles. ▼c2023
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor :▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses, ▼c2023
■300 ▼a1 online resource(197 p.)
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: A.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Perez-Truglia, Ricardo;Wasserman, Melanie.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2023.
■506 ▼aThis item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
■520 ▼aThis dissertation studies the effects and elicitation of beliefs. In the first chapter we estimate the effects of macroeconomic expectations on consumer decisions. We examine this question using an experiment with 2,872 credit card customers at a large commercial bank. We provide participants with expert forecasts of inflation and the nominal exchange rate and measure the consumption response to this information using detailed data on individual credit card transactions. We find that forecasts strongly affect inflation and exchange rate expectations, but do not change spending or self-reported consumption plans as predicted by standard models of intertemporal choice. Results from a supplementary survey experiment suggest that consumers are sophisticated enough to anticipate nominal rigidities that lower expected real income and reduce spending on durables for precautionary reasons, counteracting the effects predicted by standard models of intertemporal optimization. The absence of a link between consumer expectations and behavior has potentially important implications for macroeconomic policies such as forward guidance.The counter-intuitive results motivate development of more flexible method of belief elicitation, which could facilitate understanding of the subjects' decision making. While the elicitation of numerical variables, such as inflation, is well understood, certain beliefs, such as action plans during an inflation hike, cannot be represented numerically and require verbal elicitation. Verbal elicitation forces the researcher either to use open-ended questions or know the most important answers in advance. We propose a method to crowdsource potential answers to open-ended questions. This ensures that the survey is adaptive and does not miss important answers while maintaining a low-cost, multiple-choice format. We propose two measures of information loss to evaluate the quality of multiple-choice questions: the semantic similarity of selected answers to the open-ended answers to the same question and the probability of selecting any answer from the list. We conduct an experiment to examine the impact of monetary incentives and characteristics of respondents on the quality of crowdsourced answers. Our findings show that incentives can increase quality and effort, but the effects are relatively small compared to the variation across respondents. We find that option authors' similarity to the respondents in beliefs, political views, and demographics, explains a large fraction of the variation in quality. These results imply that sample selection is likely to be more important for crowdsourcing hypotheses than incentive design.The third chapter outlines a research agenda extending the work on the verbal elicitation techniques. In particular, we focus on the potential of large language models (LLMs) to improve belief elicitation techniques with natural language. We review the current state of belief elicitation in economics. Next, we introduce the main architectures and relevant fine-tuning techniques for LLMs. Lastly, we discuss the potential applications of LLMs to belief elicitation and the utilization of beliefs in empirical work. This includes using LLMs for representing beliefs numerically, interacting with subjects during belief elicitation, and generating hypotheses regarding how beliefs affect actions.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0031.
■650 4▼aEpistemology.
■650 4▼aPhilosophy.
■653 ▼aBelief elicitation
■653 ▼aBeliefs
■653 ▼aExpectations
■653 ▼aField experiment
■653 ▼aLab experiment
■653 ▼aSpending
■690 ▼a0501
■690 ▼a0422
■690 ▼a0393
■71020▼aUniversity of California, Los Angeles▼bManagement (MS/PHD) 0535.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g84-12A.
■773 ▼tDissertation Abstract International
■790 ▼a0031
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2023
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16933461▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
■980 ▼a202402▼f2024
Preview
Export
ChatGPT Discussion
AI Recommended Related Books
Подробнее информация.
- Бронирование
- не существует
- моя папка
- Первый запрос зрения
- Non-Book Loan Application
- Nighttime Book Loan Application
Available after logging in.
![Essays on Economics of Beliefs - [electronic resource]](/Users/Baul/Images/book.png)

