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Contributions to Design and Analysis of Pediatric HIV Studies- [electronic resource]
Contributions to Design and Analysis of Pediatric HIV Studies - [electronic resource]
Contributions to Design and Analysis of Pediatric HIV Studies- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214100349
ISBN  
9798379614843
DDC  
574
저자명  
Bather, Jemar R.
서명/저자  
Contributions to Design and Analysis of Pediatric HIV Studies - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : Harvard University., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(90 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Williams, Paige L.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Youth with perinatal HIV exposure have demonstrated higher rates of emotional---behavioral problems than the general US youth population. However, more evidence is needed to help target prevention and intervention efforts throughout their lives. To address this need, we present three studies that provide novel insights on (1) racial/ethnic disparities in emotional---behavioral functioning, (2) identifying critical windows of exposure, and (3) sample size requirements for cluster randomized trials (CRTs) with binary baseline and follow-up measurements. Many of these findings are based on data from the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study, one of the largest US-based cohort studies of youth with perinatal HIV exposure.In Chapter 1, we longitudinally examined racial/ethnic disparities in emotional---behavioral functioning among youth with perinatal HIV exposure. We applied mixed-effects models to evaluate whether mean youth-reported emotional concerns and caregiver-reported behavioral concerns differed by race/ethnicity. We also employed group-based trajectory models to identify groups having similar emotional---behavioral trajectories, followed by multinomial models to determine which factors predicted group membership.In Chapter 2, we present a statistical evaluation of multiple informant models implemented using generalized estimating equations (MIM GEEs). This approach has been used to identify critical windows of exposure. We evaluated the impact of correlation between exposure measurements and missing exposure data on the power and differences in association estimated by the MIM GEE and an inverse probability weighted extension to account for informatively missing exposures. We assessed these operating characteristics under a variety of correlation structures, sample sizes, and missing data mechanisms considering various exposure-outcome scenarios. We then applied these methods to a study of pregnant women living with HIV to explore differences in association between trimester-specific viral load and infant neurodevelopment.In Chapter 3, we developed sample size formula for CRTs with a binary post-test score conditioning on a binary pre-test score, and compare efficiency to CRTs that use only binary post-test scores. We propose a method to decrease the variance of the estimated treatment difference and thereby decrease the necessary sample size. Our work is developed within a semi-parametric framework that does not require the assumptions of maximum likelihood, while allowing for within-period, between-period, and within-individual correlations.
일반주제명  
Biostatistics.
일반주제명  
Epidemiology.
일반주제명  
Statistics.
일반주제명  
Public health.
키워드  
Mental health
키워드  
Cluster randomized trials
키워드  
Perinatal HIV exposure
키워드  
HIV studies
기타저자  
Harvard University Biostatistics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 84-12B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aBather,  Jemar  R.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-0285-3678
■24510▼aContributions  to  Design  and  Analysis  of  Pediatric  HIV  Studies▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bHarvard  University.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(90  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  84-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Williams,  Paige  L.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Harvard  University,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aYouth  with  perinatal  HIV  exposure  have  demonstrated  higher  rates  of  emotional---behavioral  problems  than  the  general  US  youth  population.  However,  more  evidence  is  needed  to  help  target  prevention  and  intervention  efforts  throughout  their  lives.  To  address  this  need,  we  present  three  studies  that  provide  novel  insights  on  (1)  racial/ethnic  disparities  in  emotional---behavioral  functioning,  (2)  identifying  critical  windows  of  exposure,  and  (3)  sample  size  requirements  for  cluster  randomized  trials  (CRTs)  with  binary  baseline  and  follow-up  measurements.  Many  of  these  findings  are  based  on  data  from  the  Pediatric  HIV/AIDS  Cohort  Study,  one  of  the  largest  US-based  cohort  studies  of  youth  with  perinatal  HIV  exposure.In  Chapter  1,  we  longitudinally  examined  racial/ethnic  disparities  in  emotional---behavioral  functioning  among  youth  with  perinatal  HIV  exposure.  We  applied  mixed-effects  models  to  evaluate  whether  mean  youth-reported  emotional  concerns  and  caregiver-reported  behavioral  concerns  differed  by  race/ethnicity.  We  also  employed  group-based  trajectory  models  to  identify  groups  having  similar  emotional---behavioral  trajectories,  followed  by  multinomial  models  to  determine  which  factors  predicted  group  membership.In  Chapter  2,  we  present  a  statistical  evaluation  of  multiple  informant  models  implemented  using  generalized  estimating  equations  (MIM  GEEs).  This  approach  has  been  used  to  identify  critical  windows  of  exposure.  We  evaluated  the  impact  of  correlation  between  exposure  measurements  and  missing  exposure  data  on  the  power  and  differences  in  association  estimated  by  the  MIM  GEE  and  an  inverse  probability  weighted  extension  to  account  for  informatively  missing  exposures.  We  assessed  these  operating  characteristics  under  a  variety  of  correlation  structures,  sample  sizes,  and  missing  data  mechanisms  considering  various  exposure-outcome  scenarios.  We  then  applied  these  methods  to  a  study  of  pregnant  women  living  with  HIV  to  explore  differences  in  association  between  trimester-specific  viral  load  and  infant  neurodevelopment.In  Chapter  3,  we  developed  sample  size  formula  for  CRTs  with  a  binary  post-test  score  conditioning  on  a  binary  pre-test  score,  and  compare  efficiency  to  CRTs  that  use  only  binary  post-test  scores.  We  propose  a  method  to  decrease  the  variance  of  the  estimated  treatment  difference  and  thereby  decrease  the  necessary  sample  size.  Our  work  is  developed  within  a  semi-parametric  framework  that  does  not  require  the  assumptions  of  maximum  likelihood,  while  allowing  for  within-period,  between-period,  and  within-individual  correlations.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0084.
■650  4▼aBiostatistics.
■650  4▼aEpidemiology.
■650  4▼aStatistics.
■650  4▼aPublic  health.
■653    ▼aMental  health
■653    ▼aCluster  randomized  trials
■653    ▼aPerinatal  HIV  exposure
■653    ▼aHIV  studies
■690    ▼a0308
■690    ▼a0766
■690    ▼a0463
■690    ▼a0573
■71020▼aHarvard  University▼bBiostatistics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g84-12B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0084
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16931929▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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