본문

서브메뉴

Purpose, Race, & Law: A Three Paper Dissertation- [electronic resource]
Purpose, Race, & Law: A Three Paper Dissertation - [electronic resource]
Purpose, Race, & Law: A Three Paper Dissertation- [electronic resource]

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101636
ISBN  
9798380315685
DDC  
301.1
저자명  
Creim, Michael David.
서명/저자  
Purpose, Race, & Law: A Three Paper Dissertation - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : Cornell University., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(200 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Burrow, Anthony.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약My research is focused on the interdisciplinary study of psychology and law. More specifically I am interested in exploring the psychology of race and racial bias, and the psychology of sense of purpose in life, through the lens of legal contexts. The theme of race is present in both Chapter 2 (Race in the Hiring of Law Professors and Perceptions of Fields of Law) and Chapter 4 (Race, Medical Malpractice, & Expert Testimony on Systemic Bias), while the theme of sense of purpose in life is present both in Chapter 3 (The Psychology and the Mens Rea of Purpose (and Goals)) and Chapter 4 (Race, Medical Malpractice, & Expert Testimony on Systemic Bias), and the theme of the law is present in different ways in each chapter. The three disparate strands of this dissertation weave a common thread. A thread which attempts to take what we know about the psychology of purpose and of race and apply it to legal contexts in a manner that advances the cause of society's underdogs-victims of systemic bias, underrepresented groups in high-status positions, and impulsive traumatized children accused of Machiavellian malevolence.Abstract for Chapter 2: Race in the Hiring of Law Professors and Perceptions of Fields of LawIt is well documented that ethnic minorities are underrepresented among the ranks of professors in legal academia. There is much research documenting racial bias against minorities in low status entry level positions; however, some research has found the opposite trend evidencing favorability towards persons from underrepresented groups for high status positions. Little work has examined any interactions between applicant race and diversity features of the position. Specifically, in the legal context no previous work has examined perceived racial associations between the fields of law themselves and different ethnic categories. In Study 1 we found that legal fields do carry racial or ethnic associations, and the most prestigious fields are seen as the most White and Asian. In Study 2, we conducted a law faculty hiring study where 366 law professors evaluated a mock applicant. Our results indicated two identifiable subsets of participants, one of which significantly favored underrepresented minority applicants, and one of which responded in a manner more consistent with traditional bias findings. Study 2 also found that when controlling for prestige, racial associations for fields of law had no main effect impact on hiring decisions, but did interact with applicant racial group status (majority or minority).Abstract for Chapter 3: The Psychology and the Mens Rea of Purpose (and Goals)Though the model penal code and philosophy and law expect criminals to demonstrate increasing levels of purposefulness as crimes increase in severity this is often not the case. Through the application of the psychology of purpose (and of hierarchical goal systems) to the topic of mens rea we seek to bridge the chasm between this proscriptive description of the law and the legal realism descriptive finding that those accused of serious crimes are often impulsive adolescents and adults with a history of childhood trauma. We examine how psychological research on purpose and goals may be used to aid judges and jurors in understanding mens rea. We also address how issues important to purpose theory, such as the difference between purpose and meaning and the impact (or lack thereof) of whether purpose content is pro-social, may be disaggregated and explored in criminal law settings. Additionally, we provide two new scholarly resources to scholars interested in researching mens rea. In Part II we provide data visualizations of the most important literature on the topic of mens rea, allowing interdisciplinary scholars to more easily expand beyond their home disciplines, and in Part VIII we provide a table documenting the formulations of mens rea used by each of the 50 states.Abstract for Chapter 4: Race, Medical Malpractice, & Expert Testimony on Systemic BiasMedicine is a field of great importance, but, like many fields, it is not immune to the problem of racial bias. And since medicine has this problem, it begs the question, what role does the law of medical malpractice play here? Our paper seeks to address this inquiry. Additionally, we discuss the role of the experimenter and other ostensibly neutral authority figures like judges and how they may affect observed outcomes. We find that in medical malpractice settings expert witness testimony can increase the likelihood that ethnic minority victims of systemic bias prevail in the courtroom when seeking redress and that expert witness testimony is particularly persuasive for jurors with a strong sense of purpose in life (p .05). Furthermore, the race of the trial judge may impact liability decisions (p .05), particularly among men (p .05). For in-lab studies experimenter race may interact with independent variable race manipulations to affect decision certainty (p .05).
일반주제명  
Social psychology.
일반주제명  
Developmental psychology.
일반주제명  
Law.
키워드  
Hiring decisions
키워드  
Medical malpractice
키워드  
Mens rea
키워드  
Purpose
키워드  
Race
키워드  
Torts
기타저자  
Cornell University Human Development
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-03B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

 008240612s2023      us  |||||||||||||||c||eng  d
■001000016934633
■00520240214101636
■006m          o    d                
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020    ▼a9798380315685
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30631684
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a301.1
■1001  ▼aCreim,  Michael  David.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-3407-1195
■24510▼aPurpose,  Race,  &  Law:  A  Three  Paper  Dissertation▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bCornell  University.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(200  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Burrow,  Anthony.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Cornell  University,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aMy  research  is  focused  on  the  interdisciplinary  study  of  psychology  and  law.    More  specifically  I  am  interested  in  exploring  the  psychology  of  race  and  racial  bias,  and  the  psychology  of  sense  of  purpose  in  life,  through  the  lens  of  legal  contexts.    The  theme  of  race  is  present  in  both  Chapter  2  (Race  in  the  Hiring  of  Law  Professors  and  Perceptions  of  Fields  of  Law)  and  Chapter  4  (Race,  Medical  Malpractice,  &  Expert  Testimony  on  Systemic  Bias),  while  the  theme  of  sense  of  purpose  in  life  is  present  both  in  Chapter  3  (The  Psychology  and  the  Mens  Rea  of  Purpose  (and  Goals))  and  Chapter  4  (Race,  Medical  Malpractice,  &  Expert  Testimony  on  Systemic  Bias),  and  the  theme  of  the  law  is  present  in  different  ways  in  each  chapter.  The  three  disparate  strands  of  this  dissertation  weave  a  common  thread.    A  thread  which  attempts  to  take  what  we  know  about  the  psychology  of  purpose  and  of  race  and  apply  it  to  legal  contexts  in  a  manner  that  advances  the  cause  of  society's  underdogs-victims  of  systemic  bias,  underrepresented  groups  in  high-status  positions,  and  impulsive  traumatized  children  accused  of  Machiavellian  malevolence.Abstract  for  Chapter  2:  Race  in  the  Hiring  of  Law  Professors  and  Perceptions  of  Fields  of  LawIt  is  well  documented  that  ethnic  minorities  are  underrepresented  among  the  ranks  of  professors  in  legal  academia.  There  is  much  research  documenting  racial  bias  against  minorities  in  low  status  entry  level  positions;  however,  some  research  has  found  the  opposite  trend  evidencing  favorability  towards  persons  from  underrepresented  groups  for  high  status  positions.  Little  work  has  examined  any  interactions  between  applicant  race  and  diversity  features  of  the  position.  Specifically,  in  the  legal  context  no  previous  work  has  examined  perceived  racial  associations  between  the  fields  of  law  themselves  and  different  ethnic  categories.  In  Study  1  we  found  that  legal  fields  do  carry  racial  or  ethnic  associations,  and  the  most  prestigious  fields  are  seen  as  the  most  White  and  Asian.  In  Study  2,  we  conducted  a  law  faculty  hiring  study  where  366  law  professors  evaluated  a  mock  applicant.  Our  results  indicated  two  identifiable  subsets  of  participants,  one  of  which  significantly  favored  underrepresented  minority  applicants,  and  one  of  which  responded  in  a  manner  more  consistent  with  traditional  bias  findings.  Study  2  also  found  that  when  controlling  for  prestige,  racial  associations  for  fields  of  law  had  no  main  effect  impact  on  hiring  decisions,  but  did  interact  with  applicant  racial  group  status  (majority  or  minority).Abstract  for  Chapter  3:  The  Psychology  and  the  Mens  Rea  of  Purpose  (and  Goals)Though  the  model  penal  code  and  philosophy  and  law  expect  criminals  to  demonstrate  increasing  levels  of  purposefulness  as  crimes  increase  in  severity  this  is  often  not  the  case.    Through  the  application  of  the  psychology  of  purpose  (and  of  hierarchical  goal  systems)  to  the  topic  of  mens  rea  we  seek  to  bridge  the  chasm  between  this  proscriptive  description  of  the  law  and  the  legal  realism  descriptive  finding  that  those  accused  of  serious  crimes  are  often  impulsive  adolescents  and  adults  with  a  history  of  childhood  trauma.    We  examine  how  psychological  research  on  purpose  and  goals  may  be  used  to  aid  judges  and  jurors  in  understanding  mens  rea.    We  also  address  how  issues  important  to  purpose  theory,  such  as  the  difference  between  purpose  and  meaning  and  the  impact  (or  lack  thereof)  of  whether  purpose  content  is  pro-social,  may  be  disaggregated  and  explored  in  criminal  law  settings.    Additionally,  we  provide  two  new  scholarly  resources  to  scholars  interested  in  researching  mens  rea.    In  Part  II  we  provide  data  visualizations  of  the  most  important  literature  on  the  topic  of  mens  rea,  allowing  interdisciplinary  scholars  to  more  easily  expand  beyond  their  home  disciplines,  and  in  Part  VIII  we  provide  a  table  documenting  the  formulations  of  mens  rea  used  by  each  of  the  50  states.Abstract  for  Chapter  4:  Race,  Medical  Malpractice,  &  Expert  Testimony  on  Systemic  BiasMedicine  is  a  field  of  great  importance,  but,  like  many  fields,  it  is  not  immune  to  the  problem  of  racial  bias.    And  since  medicine  has  this  problem,  it  begs  the  question,  what  role  does  the  law  of  medical  malpractice  play  here?    Our  paper  seeks  to  address  this  inquiry.  Additionally,  we  discuss  the  role  of  the  experimenter  and  other  ostensibly  neutral  authority  figures  like  judges  and  how  they  may  affect  observed  outcomes.    We  find  that  in  medical  malpractice  settings  expert  witness  testimony  can  increase  the  likelihood  that  ethnic  minority  victims  of  systemic  bias  prevail  in  the  courtroom  when  seeking  redress  and  that  expert  witness  testimony  is  particularly  persuasive  for  jurors  with  a  strong  sense  of  purpose  in  life  (p    .05).    Furthermore,  the  race  of  the  trial  judge  may  impact  liability  decisions  (p    .05),  particularly  among  men  (p    .05).  For  in-lab  studies  experimenter  race  may  interact  with  independent  variable  race  manipulations  to  affect  decision  certainty  (p    .05).
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0058.
■650  4▼aSocial  psychology.
■650  4▼aDevelopmental  psychology.
■650  4▼aLaw.
■653    ▼aHiring  decisions
■653    ▼aMedical  malpractice
■653    ▼aMens  rea
■653    ▼aPurpose
■653    ▼aRace
■653    ▼aTorts
■690    ▼a0451
■690    ▼a0620
■690    ▼a0398
■71020▼aCornell  University▼bHuman  Development.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-03B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0058
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16934633▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

미리보기

내보내기

chatGPT토론

Ai 추천 관련 도서


    신착도서 더보기
    최근 3년간 통계입니다.

    소장정보

    • 예약
    • 소재불명신고
    • 나의폴더
    • 우선정리요청
    • 비도서대출신청
    • 야간 도서대출신청
    소장자료
    등록번호 청구기호 소장처 대출가능여부 대출정보
    TF06401 전자도서 마이폴더 부재도서신고 비도서대출신청

    * 대출중인 자료에 한하여 예약이 가능합니다. 예약을 원하시면 예약버튼을 클릭하십시오.

    해당 도서를 다른 이용자가 함께 대출한 도서

    관련 인기도서

    로그인 후 이용 가능합니다.