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Understanding the Cellular and Gene-Regulatory Mechanisms Underlying the Mesenchymal Transition of Ependymoma Tumor Cells Using Omics Approaches- [electronic resource]
Understanding the Cellular and Gene-Regulatory Mechanisms Underlying the Mesenchymal Transition of Ependymoma Tumor Cells Using Omics Approaches- [electronic resource]
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문파일 국외
- 최종처리일시
- 20240214100101
- ISBN
- 9798379758417
- DDC
- 574
- 서명/저자
- Understanding the Cellular and Gene-Regulatory Mechanisms Underlying the Mesenchymal Transition of Ependymoma Tumor Cells Using Omics Approaches - [electronic resource]
- 발행사항
- [S.l.]: : University of Pennsylvania., 2023
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
- 형태사항
- 1 online resource(166 p.)
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Includes supplementary digital materials.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Camara, Pablo G.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 2023.
- 사용제한주기
- This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Childhood ependymoma is a cancer of the central nervous system with a chronic relapsing pattern. With little evidence that adjuvant chemotherapies extend patient survival, surgical resection followed by radiotherapy remains the best treatment for this disease. In children, the most common and aggressive ependymoma subgroup is posterior fossa ependymoma type A (PFA) which has a 10-year progression-free survival rate 25% and 10-year overall survival rate of 55%. Single-cell transcriptomic analyses of these tumors have identified tumor-derived cell lineages that resemble developmental radial glia cells and a tumor cell population with a mesenchymal gene expression profile that is associated with poor prognosis. However, little is known about the cellular and molecular mechanisms that enable the initiation, maintenance, and differentiation of these tumor cells. In this dissertation, we use transcriptomic (Chapter 2) and chromatin accessibility (Chapter 3) data to identify the cell types, signaling pathways, transcription factors, and enhancers associated with PFA tumor cell dynamics. We find that tumor cells that recapitulate neurodevelopmental programs are driven by WNT/β-catenin signaling while the mesenchymal phenotype is associated with TGF-β and TNF-α/NFκB signaling and the activation of transcription factors like NFkB, AP-1, MAF/BACH, MYC, and HIF1A. We are also the first to use single-cell omics data to characterize the ependymal tumor microenvironment and identify pro-inflammatory microglia as an important mediator of the mesenchymal transition of ependymoma tumor cells. Building upon on the computational methods used to analyze these data, we developed ConDecon, a clustering-independent deconvolution method for inferring high-resolution cell abundances from bulk tissues using single-cell data as reference (Chapter 4). Applying ConDecon to the transcriptomic data of pediatric ependymal tumors from the posterior fossa, we find that as tumor cells transition into a mesenchymal phenotype, microglia gain a neurodegenerative inflammatory phenotype. Altogether, these investigations improve our understanding of the oncogenic mechanisms regulated pediatric posterior fossa ependymoma and identify promising targets for therapeutic intervention.
- 일반주제명
- Bioinformatics.
- 일반주제명
- Oncology.
- 일반주제명
- Cellular biology.
- 키워드
- Brain cancer
- 키워드
- Deconvolution
- 키워드
- Microglia
- 키워드
- Omics
- 키워드
- Single-cell data
- 기타저자
- University of Pennsylvania Bioengineering
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 84-12B.
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertation Abstract International
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798379758417
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■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a574
■1001 ▼aAubin, Rachael G.
■24510▼aUnderstanding the Cellular and Gene-Regulatory Mechanisms Underlying the Mesenchymal Transition of Ependymoma Tumor Cells Using Omics Approaches▼h[electronic resource]
■260 ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity of Pennsylvania. ▼c2023
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor :▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses, ▼c2023
■300 ▼a1 online resource(166 p.)
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
■500 ▼aIncludes supplementary digital materials.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Camara, Pablo G.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 2023.
■506 ▼aThis item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
■520 ▼aChildhood ependymoma is a cancer of the central nervous system with a chronic relapsing pattern. With little evidence that adjuvant chemotherapies extend patient survival, surgical resection followed by radiotherapy remains the best treatment for this disease. In children, the most common and aggressive ependymoma subgroup is posterior fossa ependymoma type A (PFA) which has a 10-year progression-free survival rate 25% and 10-year overall survival rate of 55%. Single-cell transcriptomic analyses of these tumors have identified tumor-derived cell lineages that resemble developmental radial glia cells and a tumor cell population with a mesenchymal gene expression profile that is associated with poor prognosis. However, little is known about the cellular and molecular mechanisms that enable the initiation, maintenance, and differentiation of these tumor cells. In this dissertation, we use transcriptomic (Chapter 2) and chromatin accessibility (Chapter 3) data to identify the cell types, signaling pathways, transcription factors, and enhancers associated with PFA tumor cell dynamics. We find that tumor cells that recapitulate neurodevelopmental programs are driven by WNT/β-catenin signaling while the mesenchymal phenotype is associated with TGF-β and TNF-α/NFκB signaling and the activation of transcription factors like NFkB, AP-1, MAF/BACH, MYC, and HIF1A. We are also the first to use single-cell omics data to characterize the ependymal tumor microenvironment and identify pro-inflammatory microglia as an important mediator of the mesenchymal transition of ependymoma tumor cells. Building upon on the computational methods used to analyze these data, we developed ConDecon, a clustering-independent deconvolution method for inferring high-resolution cell abundances from bulk tissues using single-cell data as reference (Chapter 4). Applying ConDecon to the transcriptomic data of pediatric ependymal tumors from the posterior fossa, we find that as tumor cells transition into a mesenchymal phenotype, microglia gain a neurodegenerative inflammatory phenotype. Altogether, these investigations improve our understanding of the oncogenic mechanisms regulated pediatric posterior fossa ependymoma and identify promising targets for therapeutic intervention.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0175.
■650 4▼aBioinformatics.
■650 4▼aOncology.
■650 4▼aCellular biology.
■653 ▼aBrain cancer
■653 ▼aDeconvolution
■653 ▼aMesenchymal transition
■653 ▼aMicroglia
■653 ▼aOmics
■653 ▼aSingle-cell data
■690 ▼a0715
■690 ▼a0992
■690 ▼a0379
■71020▼aUniversity of Pennsylvania▼bBioengineering.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g84-12B.
■773 ▼tDissertation Abstract International
■790 ▼a0175
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2023
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16931669▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
■980 ▼a202402▼f2024
