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NMR Studies of the GCN4 Transcription Factor and Hox DNA Consensus Sequences- [electronic resource]
NMR Studies of the GCN4 Transcription Factor and Hox DNA Consensus Sequences - [electronic...
NMR Studies of the GCN4 Transcription Factor and Hox DNA Consensus Sequences- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101705
ISBN  
9798380130202
DDC  
574.191
저자명  
Crawley, Timothy.
서명/저자  
NMR Studies of the GCN4 Transcription Factor and Hox DNA Consensus Sequences - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : Columbia University., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(143 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Palmer, Arthur.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약The conversion of genetic information into functional RNA and protein is of fundamental importance to all known life forms. In cellular organisms, this hinges on the interaction of double stranded DNA and the transcription factor class of proteins. Substantial progress in the fields of biochemistry and genomics have made the identification of transcription factor binding sites and the resultant change in transcriptional output relatively routine. However, fully understanding this central life process requires knowing not only where transcription factors bind DNA, but why and how. These questions are approached here using solution state NMR spectroscopy and the statistical technique of bootstrap aggregation in order to: i) glean biologically relevant insights into the dynamics of the GCN4 transcription factor from NMR relaxation experiments; ii) examine the influence of electrostatics on the structure of GCN4 in the absence of DNA; iii) analyze the conformational state of several Hox transcription factor DNA binding sites.NMR spectroscopy capitalizes on connections between electromagnetism and the quantum mechanical property of nuclear spin angular momentum to study the structure of molecules. Application of NMR relaxation experiments provides further information on molecular structure and dynamics. When performed in solution, the data generated by this technique occurs in conditions more similar to those found within a cell than other approaches used in structural biology.However, the biological relevance of any insights derived from solution state NMR relaxation experiments depends on the application of an appropriate model for nuclear spin relaxation. Typically, this involves applying a statistical test to select the best model from among several candidates in the model-free formalism. Chapter 3 uses 15N relaxation data collected on the basic leucine zipper (bZip) domain of the GCN4 transcription factor to detail the potential problems and model selection errors that arise from this approach, and presents the alternative method of bootstrap aggregation. Applying this statistical technique allowed for the generation of multimodel inferences about the internal motions and rigidity of the basic region of GCN4, enhancing the likelihood of their biological relevance.The results presented in Chapter 3 further confirmed the presence of nascent helices in the generally disordered basic region of the GCN4 bZip domain. Interestingly, when complexed with appropriate DNA substrate, this region assumes a fully α-helical conformation. A long standing hypothesis assumes the inability of the basic region to form an α-helix in the absence of DNA arises, in part, due to repulsion between its charged amino acids. This hypothesis is tested in Chapter 4 using NMR relaxation experiments performed in solutions containing either increased or decreased concentrations of salt. Surprisingly, screening the electrostatic repulsion between charged residues using higher levels of salt had no discernible effect on the structure or dynamics of the basic region.Chapter 5 examines the other side of the interaction between DNA and transcription factors. Here, previous work performed with the Hox family of transcription factors indicated the conformational state of DNA has an important role in enhancing the specificity with which Hox proteins bind certain sequences. In particular, the geometry of the DNA minor groove strongly influences the recruitment of appropriate Hox transcription factors. This relationship is examined using solution state NMR to study four Hox DNA binding sequences. The binding affinity between each of these sequences and the Hox protein AbdB was previously shown to correlate with the native unbound state of the DNA. The two sequences predicted to have native minor groove widths similar to those of the bound DNA had higher affinity for AbdB than those that deformed upon binding. Though mixed, the results of NMR experiments generally support the predicted structures, particularly for the high affinity sequences, indicating a single pronounced narrowing of the minor groove. Taken together, the results presented here illustrate the complex interactions underpinning the appropriate binding of DNA and transcription factors. It further highlights the need to study the structure and dynamics of both DNA and protein, as well as that of the bound complex, in order to fully understand how and why specific sequences are bound in response to stimuli.
일반주제명  
Biophysics.
일반주제명  
Molecular biology.
일반주제명  
Biochemistry.
키워드  
Cellular organisms
키워드  
Genetic information
키워드  
Proteins
키워드  
Electrostatics
기타저자  
Columbia University Cellular Molecular and Biomedical Studies
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-02B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a574.191
■1001  ▼aCrawley,  Timothy.
■24510▼aNMR  Studies  of  the  GCN4  Transcription  Factor  and  Hox  DNA  Consensus  Sequences▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bColumbia  University.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(143  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Palmer,  Arthur.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aThe  conversion  of  genetic  information  into  functional  RNA  and  protein  is  of  fundamental  importance  to  all  known  life  forms.  In  cellular  organisms,  this  hinges  on  the  interaction  of  double  stranded  DNA  and  the  transcription  factor  class  of  proteins.  Substantial  progress  in  the  fields  of  biochemistry  and  genomics  have  made  the  identification  of  transcription  factor  binding  sites  and  the  resultant  change  in  transcriptional  output  relatively  routine.  However,  fully  understanding  this  central  life  process  requires  knowing  not  only  where  transcription  factors  bind  DNA,  but  why  and  how.  These  questions  are  approached  here  using  solution  state  NMR  spectroscopy  and  the  statistical  technique  of  bootstrap  aggregation  in  order  to:  i)  glean  biologically  relevant  insights  into  the  dynamics  of  the  GCN4  transcription  factor  from  NMR  relaxation  experiments;  ii)  examine  the  influence  of  electrostatics  on  the  structure  of  GCN4  in  the  absence  of  DNA;  iii)  analyze  the  conformational  state  of  several  Hox  transcription  factor  DNA  binding  sites.NMR  spectroscopy  capitalizes  on  connections  between  electromagnetism  and  the  quantum  mechanical  property  of  nuclear  spin  angular  momentum  to  study  the  structure  of  molecules.  Application  of  NMR  relaxation  experiments  provides  further  information  on  molecular  structure  and  dynamics.  When  performed  in  solution,  the  data  generated  by  this  technique  occurs  in  conditions  more  similar  to  those  found  within  a  cell  than  other  approaches  used  in  structural  biology.However,  the  biological  relevance  of  any  insights  derived  from  solution  state  NMR  relaxation  experiments  depends  on  the  application  of  an  appropriate  model  for  nuclear  spin  relaxation.  Typically,  this  involves  applying  a  statistical  test  to  select  the  best  model  from  among  several  candidates  in  the  model-free  formalism.  Chapter  3  uses  15N  relaxation  data  collected  on  the  basic  leucine  zipper  (bZip)  domain  of  the  GCN4  transcription  factor  to  detail  the  potential  problems  and  model  selection  errors  that  arise  from  this  approach,  and  presents  the  alternative  method  of  bootstrap  aggregation.  Applying  this  statistical  technique  allowed  for  the  generation  of  multimodel  inferences  about  the  internal  motions  and  rigidity  of  the  basic  region  of  GCN4,  enhancing  the  likelihood  of  their  biological  relevance.The  results  presented  in  Chapter  3  further  confirmed  the  presence  of  nascent  helices  in  the  generally  disordered  basic  region  of  the  GCN4  bZip  domain.  Interestingly,  when  complexed  with  appropriate  DNA  substrate,  this  region  assumes  a  fully  α-helical  conformation.  A  long  standing  hypothesis  assumes  the  inability  of  the  basic  region  to  form  an  α-helix  in  the  absence  of  DNA  arises,  in  part,  due  to  repulsion  between  its  charged  amino  acids.  This  hypothesis  is  tested  in  Chapter  4  using  NMR  relaxation  experiments  performed  in  solutions  containing  either  increased  or  decreased  concentrations  of  salt.  Surprisingly,  screening  the  electrostatic  repulsion  between  charged  residues  using  higher  levels  of  salt  had  no  discernible  effect  on  the  structure  or  dynamics  of  the  basic  region.Chapter  5  examines  the  other  side  of  the  interaction  between  DNA  and  transcription  factors.  Here,  previous  work  performed  with  the  Hox  family  of  transcription  factors  indicated  the  conformational  state  of  DNA  has  an  important  role  in  enhancing  the  specificity  with  which  Hox  proteins  bind  certain  sequences.  In  particular,  the  geometry  of  the  DNA  minor  groove  strongly  influences  the  recruitment  of  appropriate  Hox  transcription  factors.  This  relationship  is  examined  using  solution  state  NMR  to  study  four  Hox  DNA  binding  sequences.  The  binding  affinity  between  each  of  these  sequences  and  the  Hox  protein  AbdB  was  previously  shown  to  correlate  with  the  native  unbound  state  of  the  DNA.  The  two  sequences  predicted  to  have  native  minor  groove  widths  similar  to  those  of  the  bound  DNA  had  higher  affinity  for  AbdB  than  those  that  deformed  upon  binding.  Though  mixed,  the  results  of  NMR  experiments  generally  support  the  predicted  structures,  particularly  for  the  high  affinity  sequences,  indicating  a  single  pronounced  narrowing  of  the  minor  groove.  Taken  together,  the  results  presented  here  illustrate  the  complex  interactions  underpinning  the  appropriate  binding  of  DNA  and  transcription  factors.  It  further  highlights  the  need  to  study  the  structure  and  dynamics  of  both  DNA  and  protein,  as  well  as  that  of  the  bound  complex,  in  order  to  fully  understand  how  and  why  specific  sequences  are  bound  in  response  to  stimuli.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0054.
■650  4▼aBiophysics.
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology.
■650  4▼aBiochemistry.
■653    ▼aCellular  organisms
■653    ▼aGenetic  information
■653    ▼aProteins
■653    ▼aElectrostatics
■690    ▼a0786
■690    ▼a0307
■690    ▼a0487
■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bCellular,  Molecular  and  Biomedical  Studies.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-02B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0054
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16934868▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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