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Deep Learning and Explainable AI in Medical Image Segmentation- [electronic resource]
Deep Learning and Explainable AI in Medical Image Segmentation - [electronic resource]
Deep Learning and Explainable AI in Medical Image Segmentation- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214100126
ISBN  
9798379794415
DDC  
616
저자명  
Mullan, Sean.
서명/저자  
Deep Learning and Explainable AI in Medical Image Segmentation - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : The University of Iowa., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(175 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Sonka, Milan.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Iowa, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Medical imaging is a critical part of modern healthcare, and the continued advancement of imaging techniques have enabled the analysis of an every growing number of objects and features within the human body that we were previously unable to observe. However, the significant variability present in imaging protocols and the features they capture make the growing number of images generated in the process of daily patient care a mounting burden on the limited number of radiological experts available to process them. Deep learning techniques have emerged as powerful tools for the efficient and accurate automation of medical image segmentation, but the complexity of the models required to handle this difficult domain severely limits their transparency and therefor trustworthiness to the end users. To address these concerns and build the trust necessary for clinical implementation, numerous methods have been proposed to derived explanations for the decisions of deep learning models. Unfortunately, these efforts have almost exclusively targeted models developed for classification tasks and their underlying assumptions prevent them from applying to segmentation.In the first part of this thesis, we develop high-quality segmentation approaches for a diverse range of medical imaging targets. Specifically, we train deep learning models for the segmentation of thoracic organs at risk during radiotherapy, pulmonary tumors associated with non-small cell lung cancer, COVID-19 related lung lesions, and the prostate and surrounding organs. For each of these tasks, we utilize state-of-the-art hybrid transformer models paired with powerful self-configuring preprocessing schemes to achieve highly accurate and consistent segmentations that closely align with the independent standards. The second part of this thesis focuses on producing and understanding visual explanations for these kinds of models. We develop and validate our Kernel-Weighted Contribution approach to explaining the complex features driving the decisions made by deep learning segmentation models. We demonstrate that our approach offers accurate and comprehensive explanations that enable greater understanding of these tools.Building on the successes of the first two parts, the third part of our thesis demonstrates the utility of these approaches in the context of medical imaging analysis. We show that our segmentation models not only enable current forms of medical analyses, such as the extraction of radiomics features that can inform patient care and disease prognosis, but also enable novel applications, such as evaluating contour consistency across time points in radiotherapy planning. We also demonstrate the critical role of our Kernel-Weighted Contribution approach in validating our segmentation models by detecting and evaluating the hidden biases that would otherwise have gone undetected by conventional analysis, ultimately allowing us to gain insight into how our models would behave when they are applied beyond the research lab in which they were developed.By developing high-quality segmentation approaches to tackle complex medical imaging tasks and proposing a novel method for the visual explanation of deep learning segmentation models, we have demonstrated the potential of deep learning to enable accurate and efficient medical image analyses while also increasing our understanding of the processes used to accomplish those analyses. This kind of understanding represents an important step towards opening the ``black box'' that is deep learning and building the trust necessary for these powerful models to be integrated into clinical practice and provide direct benefits to patient care and outcomes.
일반주제명  
Medical imaging.
일반주제명  
Biomedical engineering.
키워드  
Attribution
키워드  
Deep learning
키워드  
Explainable AI
키워드  
Explanation
키워드  
Segmentation
기타저자  
The University of Iowa Biomedical Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-01B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■020    ▼a9798379794415
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30425314
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a616
■1001  ▼aMullan,  Sean.
■24510▼aDeep  Learning  and  Explainable  AI  in  Medical  Image  Segmentation▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bThe  University  of  Iowa.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(175  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Sonka,  Milan.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  University  of  Iowa,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aMedical  imaging  is  a  critical  part  of  modern  healthcare,  and  the  continued  advancement  of  imaging  techniques  have  enabled  the  analysis  of  an  every  growing  number  of  objects  and  features  within  the  human  body  that  we  were  previously  unable  to  observe.  However,  the  significant  variability  present  in  imaging  protocols  and  the  features  they  capture  make  the  growing  number  of  images  generated  in  the  process  of  daily  patient  care  a  mounting  burden  on  the  limited  number  of  radiological  experts  available  to  process  them.  Deep  learning  techniques  have  emerged  as  powerful  tools  for  the  efficient  and  accurate  automation  of  medical  image  segmentation,  but  the  complexity  of  the  models  required  to  handle  this  difficult  domain  severely  limits  their  transparency  and  therefor  trustworthiness  to  the  end  users.  To  address  these  concerns  and  build  the  trust  necessary  for  clinical  implementation,  numerous  methods  have  been  proposed  to  derived  explanations  for  the  decisions  of  deep  learning  models.  Unfortunately,  these  efforts  have  almost  exclusively  targeted  models  developed  for  classification  tasks  and  their  underlying  assumptions  prevent  them  from  applying  to  segmentation.In  the  first  part  of  this  thesis,  we  develop  high-quality  segmentation  approaches  for  a  diverse  range  of  medical  imaging  targets.  Specifically,  we  train  deep  learning  models  for  the  segmentation  of  thoracic  organs  at  risk  during  radiotherapy,  pulmonary  tumors  associated  with  non-small  cell  lung  cancer,  COVID-19  related  lung  lesions,  and  the  prostate  and  surrounding  organs.  For  each  of  these  tasks,  we  utilize  state-of-the-art  hybrid  transformer  models  paired  with  powerful  self-configuring  preprocessing  schemes  to  achieve  highly  accurate  and  consistent  segmentations  that  closely  align  with  the  independent  standards.  The  second  part  of  this  thesis  focuses  on  producing  and  understanding  visual  explanations  for  these  kinds  of  models.  We  develop  and  validate  our  Kernel-Weighted  Contribution  approach  to  explaining  the  complex  features  driving  the  decisions  made  by  deep  learning  segmentation  models.  We  demonstrate  that  our  approach  offers  accurate  and  comprehensive  explanations  that  enable  greater  understanding  of  these  tools.Building  on  the  successes  of  the  first  two  parts,  the  third  part  of  our  thesis  demonstrates  the  utility  of  these  approaches  in  the  context  of  medical  imaging  analysis.  We  show  that  our  segmentation  models  not  only  enable  current  forms  of  medical  analyses,  such  as  the  extraction  of  radiomics  features  that  can  inform  patient  care  and  disease  prognosis,  but  also  enable  novel  applications,  such  as  evaluating  contour  consistency  across  time  points  in  radiotherapy  planning.  We  also  demonstrate  the  critical  role  of  our  Kernel-Weighted  Contribution  approach  in  validating  our  segmentation  models  by  detecting  and  evaluating  the  hidden  biases  that  would  otherwise  have  gone  undetected  by  conventional  analysis,  ultimately  allowing  us  to  gain  insight  into  how  our  models  would  behave  when  they  are  applied  beyond  the  research  lab  in  which  they  were  developed.By  developing  high-quality  segmentation  approaches  to  tackle  complex  medical  imaging  tasks  and  proposing  a  novel  method  for  the  visual  explanation  of  deep  learning  segmentation  models,  we  have  demonstrated  the  potential  of  deep  learning  to  enable  accurate  and  efficient  medical  image  analyses  while  also  increasing  our  understanding  of  the  processes  used  to  accomplish  those  analyses.  This  kind  of  understanding  represents  an  important  step  towards  opening  the  ``black  box''  that  is  deep  learning  and  building  the  trust  necessary  for  these  powerful  models  to  be  integrated  into  clinical  practice  and  provide  direct  benefits  to  patient  care  and  outcomes.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0096.
■650  4▼aMedical  imaging.
■650  4▼aBiomedical  engineering.
■653    ▼aAttribution
■653    ▼aDeep  learning
■653    ▼aExplainable  AI
■653    ▼aExplanation
■653    ▼aSegmentation
■690    ▼a0574
■690    ▼a0800
■690    ▼a0541
■71020▼aThe  University  of  Iowa▼bBiomedical  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-01B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0096
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16931843▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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