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Insights into Metabolism and Signaling at Small Scale- [electronic resource]
Insights into Metabolism and Signaling at Small Scale - [electronic resource]
Insights into Metabolism and Signaling at Small Scale- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101910
ISBN  
9798380725521
DDC  
545
저자명  
Noll, Sarah Elizabeth.
서명/저자  
Insights into Metabolism and Signaling at Small Scale - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : Stanford University., 2021
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2021
형태사항  
1 online resource(257 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Zare, Richard;Dai, Hongjie;Moerner, William;Bent, Stacey F.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2021.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Mass spectrometry is a powerful technique for the study of biological systems because it enables untargeted analysis of endogenous molecules, giving us insight into metabolism and signaling. Here we focus on ambient ionization methods for sampling, specifically desorption electrospray ionization imaging (DESI-MSI) and the liquid micro-junction surface-sampling probe (LMJ-SSP).A recurrent theme of the described work was the adaptation of DESI-MSI for the imaging of small tissues, in particular murine adrenal glands under 2 mm in diameter and maize root primary tips under 1 mm in diameter. We discuss the elements of probe construction, set-up, and image acquisition that influence the quality of measured DESI images. This contextualizes the modifications to the DESI probe and method that were made in order to resolve fine sub-tissue regions in these small tissues. The lateral spatial resolutions were also retroactively calculated for all imaged tissue sets in order to assess the influence of probe, step size, and sample material on resolution.We then apply DESI-MSI to the imaging of maize root cryosections, demonstrating this technique's potential for identifying small molecule regulators of development. Plant roots are uniquely suited to the study of growth, because one tissue section contains cells in multiple stages of development along its longitudinal axis. DESI imaging reveals not only metabolite gradients along this developmental axis, but also unique spatial patterning that correlates to known tissue sub-structures, including the inner vasculature and endodermis. Observed variations in the abundance of TCA cycle metabolites along growth zones motivated exogenous treatments, with resulting phenotypic changes providing insight into developmental regulation.Shifting from the plant to the animal kingdom, we use DESI-MSI to explore the metabolic and lipidomic alternations associated with specific causative genotypic variants of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs). This project focused on the development of a mouse model for succinate dehydrogenase (SDHx)-deficient PPGLs in order to explore the driving factors for tumorigenesis, which the current model ascribes to elevated succinate. Genetic knockouts were targeted to the murine adrenal medulla, the origin of pheochromocytomas. Loss of Sdhb alone did not produce tumors, but loss of both Sdhb and Nf1, a gene frequently mutated in PPGLs, did produce tumors. Because the adrenal gland is comprised of two distinct sub-tissues, the cortex and the medulla, DESI-MSI was key to verifying the spatially restricted metabolic changes resulting from each genetic knockout. Medulla-specific succinate accumulation was observed in all Sdhb-deficient tissues, but not in tissues with loss of only Nf1. Elevated succinate, alone, was not found to be sufficient for tumorigenesis in the mouse, but additional features of SDHx tumors are explored in each model. DESI-MSI correlated observed changes in murine models to those in human biopsies of SDHx PPGLs. Catecholamines were also mapped within the medulla to demonstrate further this technique's capability to resolve fine distribution patterns in small tissues regions.We also describe an exploration of live cell measurements by mass spectrometry, undertaken early in the PhD. Such measurements require cell- and mass spectrometry-compatible buffer and isolation of the sample from any applied spray potential or co-spray solutions. An LMJ-SSP was used as the basis for the designed sampling procedure, because it is compatible with liquid samples, allows for perfusion of a potential ligand solution, and can easily be lowered into a culture well. Two subsequent iterations of probe design are described in order to accommodate an organic/acidic co-spray solution in a manner isolated from the sample surface. Additional applications of the designed co-axial probe are discussed.
일반주제명  
Mass spectrometry.
일반주제명  
Tumorigenesis.
일반주제명  
Dopamine.
일반주제명  
Solvents.
일반주제명  
Microscopy.
일반주제명  
Biopsy.
일반주제명  
Adrenal glands.
일반주제명  
Scientific imaging.
일반주제명  
Lipids.
일반주제명  
Tumors.
일반주제명  
Metabolites.
일반주제명  
Catecholamines.
일반주제명  
Analytical chemistry.
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-05B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■0820  ▼a545
■1001  ▼aNoll,  Sarah  Elizabeth.
■24510▼aInsights  into  Metabolism  and  Signaling  at  Small  Scale▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bStanford  University.  ▼c2021
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2021
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(257  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Zare,  Richard;Dai,  Hongjie;Moerner,  William;Bent,  Stacey  F.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2021.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aMass  spectrometry  is  a  powerful  technique  for  the  study  of  biological  systems  because  it  enables  untargeted  analysis  of  endogenous  molecules,  giving  us  insight  into  metabolism  and  signaling.  Here  we  focus  on  ambient  ionization  methods  for  sampling,  specifically  desorption  electrospray  ionization  imaging  (DESI-MSI)  and  the  liquid  micro-junction  surface-sampling  probe  (LMJ-SSP).A  recurrent  theme  of  the  described  work  was  the  adaptation  of  DESI-MSI  for  the  imaging  of  small  tissues,  in  particular  murine  adrenal  glands  under  2  mm  in  diameter  and  maize  root  primary  tips  under  1  mm  in  diameter.  We  discuss  the  elements  of  probe  construction,  set-up,  and  image  acquisition  that  influence  the  quality  of  measured  DESI  images.  This  contextualizes  the  modifications  to  the  DESI  probe  and  method  that  were  made  in  order  to  resolve  fine  sub-tissue  regions  in  these  small  tissues.  The  lateral  spatial  resolutions  were  also  retroactively  calculated  for  all  imaged  tissue  sets  in  order  to  assess  the  influence  of  probe,  step  size,  and  sample  material  on  resolution.We  then  apply  DESI-MSI  to  the  imaging  of  maize  root  cryosections,  demonstrating  this  technique's  potential  for  identifying  small  molecule  regulators  of  development.  Plant  roots  are  uniquely  suited  to  the  study  of  growth,  because  one  tissue  section  contains  cells  in  multiple  stages  of  development  along  its  longitudinal  axis.  DESI  imaging  reveals  not  only  metabolite  gradients  along  this  developmental  axis,  but  also  unique  spatial  patterning  that  correlates  to  known  tissue  sub-structures,  including  the  inner  vasculature  and  endodermis.  Observed  variations  in  the  abundance  of  TCA  cycle  metabolites  along  growth  zones  motivated  exogenous  treatments,  with  resulting  phenotypic  changes  providing  insight  into  developmental  regulation.Shifting  from  the  plant  to  the  animal  kingdom,  we  use  DESI-MSI  to  explore  the  metabolic  and  lipidomic  alternations  associated  with  specific  causative  genotypic  variants  of  pheochromocytomas  and  paragangliomas  (PPGLs).  This  project  focused  on  the  development  of  a  mouse  model  for  succinate  dehydrogenase  (SDHx)-deficient  PPGLs  in  order  to  explore  the  driving  factors  for  tumorigenesis,  which  the  current  model  ascribes  to  elevated  succinate.  Genetic  knockouts  were  targeted  to  the  murine  adrenal  medulla,  the  origin  of  pheochromocytomas.  Loss  of  Sdhb  alone  did  not  produce  tumors,  but  loss  of  both  Sdhb  and  Nf1,  a  gene  frequently  mutated  in  PPGLs,  did  produce  tumors.  Because  the  adrenal  gland  is  comprised  of  two  distinct  sub-tissues,  the  cortex  and  the  medulla,  DESI-MSI  was  key  to  verifying  the  spatially  restricted  metabolic  changes  resulting  from  each  genetic  knockout.  Medulla-specific  succinate  accumulation  was  observed  in  all  Sdhb-deficient  tissues,  but  not  in  tissues  with  loss  of  only  Nf1.  Elevated  succinate,  alone,  was  not  found  to  be  sufficient  for  tumorigenesis  in  the  mouse,  but  additional  features  of  SDHx  tumors  are  explored  in  each  model.  DESI-MSI  correlated  observed  changes  in  murine  models  to  those  in  human  biopsies  of  SDHx  PPGLs.  Catecholamines  were  also  mapped  within  the  medulla  to  demonstrate  further  this  technique's  capability  to  resolve  fine  distribution  patterns  in  small  tissues  regions.We  also  describe  an  exploration  of  live  cell  measurements  by  mass  spectrometry,  undertaken  early  in  the  PhD.  Such  measurements  require  cell-  and  mass  spectrometry-compatible  buffer  and  isolation  of  the  sample  from  any  applied  spray  potential  or  co-spray  solutions.  An  LMJ-SSP  was  used  as  the  basis  for  the  designed  sampling  procedure,  because  it  is  compatible  with  liquid  samples,  allows  for  perfusion  of  a  potential  ligand  solution,  and  can  easily  be  lowered  into  a  culture  well.  Two  subsequent  iterations  of  probe  design  are  described  in  order  to  accommodate  an  organic/acidic  co-spray  solution  in  a  manner  isolated  from  the  sample  surface.  Additional  applications  of  the  designed  co-axial  probe  are  discussed.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aMass  spectrometry.
■650  4▼aTumorigenesis.
■650  4▼aDopamine.
■650  4▼aSolvents.
■650  4▼aMicroscopy.
■650  4▼aBiopsy.
■650  4▼aAdrenal  glands.
■650  4▼aScientific  imaging.
■650  4▼aLipids.
■650  4▼aTumors.
■650  4▼aMetabolites.
■650  4▼aCatecholamines.
■650  4▼aAnalytical  chemistry.
■690    ▼a0486
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-05B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2021
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16935248▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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