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Towards Operating Underactuated Robotic Systems by Going With the Flow- [electronic resource]
Towards Operating Underactuated Robotic Systems by Going With the Flow - [electronic resou...
Towards Operating Underactuated Robotic Systems by Going With the Flow- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101656
ISBN  
9798380877510
DDC  
629.8
저자명  
Wiggert, Marius.
서명/저자  
Towards Operating Underactuated Robotic Systems by Going With the Flow - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : University of California, Berkeley., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(134 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-06, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Tomlin, Claire.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Over the centuries, humanity has created ever more ingenious systems to traverse the oceans and skies of our planet. Modern ships and planes operate with powerful engines that require substantial amounts of fuel, leading to high operating costs. However, this approach becomes impractical for applications that require extended periods of autonomous operation without the possibility of refueling. This dissertation starts with the idea of operating systems by going with the flow: harnessing the wind and ocean currents by letting the system drift in favorable directions and strategically using a low-power engine to change flows when this is beneficial. As the power to counteract drag forces scales cubically with the relative velocity of the system, this new paradigm reduces the power required for operation by 2-3 orders of magnitude, thereby significantly reducing the system and operating costs. This could enable a host of novel applications that require low-cost and long-term operations, such as active environmental monitoring of the oceans and atmosphere or floating solar platforms. The primary case study used throughout this work is autonomous seaweed farms that roam the oceans while rapidly growing biomass for biofuel, bioplastic, or to sink it for carbon removal.In this dissertation, we systematically develop control techniques to tackle the four key challenges of operating by going with the flow: First, the system is severely underactuated with its own propulsion often being less than 1/10th of the magnitude of the surrounding flows. Second, to make strategic control decisions when to change flows, only coarse, deterministic forecasts are available. Third, the forecasts have a limited time horizon of 5-10 days, but realistic control objectives extend over weeks to months. Lastly, the forecast error defined as the difference between the forecasted and the true flows often exceeds the propulsion capabilities of the system, hence robust control is infeasible.We start by introducing techniques for continuous-time optimal control when the complex flows are known. We use dynamic programming for the objectives of navigation and maximizing seaweed growth. Next, we turn towards the challenge of operating with imperfect and short-term forecasts. Our insight is that the value functions obtained by the previously developed optimal control methods can be used as closed-loop control policies, which are equivalent to replanning on the forecast at every step. Through extensive simulation studies in realistic ocean conditions, we demonstrate that such frequent replanning allows for reliable operation despite significant forecast errors. To enable reasoning beyond the forecast horizon, we derive a discounted optimal control formulation and demonstrate how the value function can be extended by estimating the cost-to-go using historical flow averages. In the last part of this dissertation, we focus on how to handle constraints in these challenging environments. For that, we integrate time-varying obstacles into our value function and show empirically that this almost eliminates the risk of stranding. Moreover, we develop a hierarchical control approach to operate a fleet of underactuated autonomous systems while avoiding collisions and ensuring connectivity across the fleet.At the end of this dissertation, we summarize our techniques for operating by going with the flow which could enable a host of new applications of low-power autonomous systems in the oceans and skies. We also discuss promising ongoing and future research directions towards further improving the performance of underactuated robotic systems operating in flows.
일반주제명  
Robotics.
일반주제명  
Computer science.
일반주제명  
Electrical engineering.
키워드  
Autonomous surface vessel
키워드  
Ocean autonomy
키워드  
Operating costs
키워드  
Flows
키워드  
Robotic systems
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-06B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
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■1001  ▼aWiggert,  Marius.
■24510▼aTowards  Operating  Underactuated  Robotic  Systems  by  Going  With  the  Flow▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(134  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-06,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Tomlin,  Claire.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aOver  the  centuries,  humanity  has  created  ever  more  ingenious  systems  to  traverse  the  oceans  and  skies  of  our  planet.  Modern  ships  and  planes  operate  with  powerful  engines  that  require  substantial  amounts  of  fuel,  leading  to  high  operating  costs.  However,  this  approach  becomes  impractical  for  applications  that  require  extended  periods  of  autonomous  operation  without  the  possibility  of  refueling.  This  dissertation  starts  with  the  idea  of  operating  systems  by  going  with  the  flow:  harnessing  the  wind  and  ocean  currents  by  letting  the  system  drift  in  favorable  directions  and  strategically  using  a  low-power  engine  to  change  flows  when  this  is  beneficial.  As  the  power  to  counteract  drag  forces  scales  cubically  with  the  relative  velocity  of  the  system,  this  new  paradigm  reduces  the  power  required  for  operation  by  2-3  orders  of  magnitude,  thereby  significantly  reducing  the  system  and  operating  costs.  This  could  enable  a  host  of  novel  applications  that  require  low-cost  and  long-term  operations,  such  as  active  environmental  monitoring  of  the  oceans  and  atmosphere  or  floating  solar  platforms.  The  primary  case  study  used  throughout  this  work  is  autonomous  seaweed  farms  that  roam  the  oceans  while  rapidly  growing  biomass  for  biofuel,  bioplastic,  or  to  sink  it  for  carbon  removal.In  this  dissertation,  we  systematically  develop  control  techniques  to  tackle  the  four  key  challenges  of  operating  by  going  with  the  flow:  First,  the  system  is  severely  underactuated  with  its  own  propulsion  often  being  less  than  1/10th  of  the  magnitude  of  the  surrounding  flows.  Second,  to  make  strategic  control  decisions  when  to  change  flows,  only  coarse,  deterministic  forecasts  are  available.  Third,  the  forecasts  have  a  limited  time  horizon  of  5-10  days,  but  realistic  control  objectives  extend  over  weeks  to  months.  Lastly,  the  forecast  error  defined  as  the  difference  between  the  forecasted  and  the  true  flows  often  exceeds  the  propulsion  capabilities  of  the  system,  hence  robust  control  is  infeasible.We  start  by  introducing  techniques  for  continuous-time  optimal  control  when  the  complex  flows  are  known.  We  use  dynamic  programming  for  the  objectives  of  navigation  and  maximizing  seaweed  growth.  Next,  we  turn  towards  the  challenge  of  operating  with  imperfect  and  short-term  forecasts.  Our  insight  is  that  the  value  functions  obtained  by  the  previously  developed  optimal  control  methods  can  be  used  as  closed-loop  control  policies,  which  are  equivalent  to  replanning  on  the  forecast  at  every  step.  Through  extensive  simulation  studies  in  realistic  ocean  conditions,  we  demonstrate  that  such  frequent  replanning  allows  for  reliable  operation  despite  significant  forecast  errors.  To  enable  reasoning  beyond  the  forecast  horizon,  we  derive  a  discounted  optimal  control  formulation  and  demonstrate  how  the  value  function  can  be  extended  by  estimating  the  cost-to-go  using  historical  flow  averages.  In  the  last  part  of  this  dissertation,  we  focus  on  how  to  handle  constraints  in  these  challenging  environments.  For  that,  we  integrate  time-varying  obstacles  into  our  value  function  and  show  empirically  that  this  almost  eliminates  the  risk  of  stranding.  Moreover,  we  develop  a  hierarchical  control  approach  to  operate  a  fleet  of  underactuated  autonomous  systems  while  avoiding  collisions  and  ensuring  connectivity  across  the  fleet.At  the  end  of  this  dissertation,  we  summarize  our  techniques  for  operating  by  going  with  the  flow  which  could  enable  a  host  of  new  applications  of  low-power  autonomous  systems  in  the  oceans  and  skies.  We  also  discuss  promising  ongoing  and  future  research  directions  towards  further  improving  the  performance  of  underactuated  robotic  systems  operating  in  flows.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aRobotics.
■650  4▼aComputer  science.
■650  4▼aElectrical  engineering.
■653    ▼aAutonomous  surface  vessel
■653    ▼aOcean  autonomy
■653    ▼aOperating  costs
■653    ▼aFlows
■653    ▼aRobotic  systems
■690    ▼a0771
■690    ▼a0800
■690    ▼a0984
■690    ▼a0544
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bElectrical  Engineering  &  Computer  Sciences.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-06B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16934803▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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