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The Physical Health of People with Co-Occurring Serious Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders- [electronic resource]
The Physical Health of People with Co-Occurring Serious Mental Illness and Substance Use D...
The Physical Health of People with Co-Occurring Serious Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101213
ISBN  
9798379718220
DDC  
362
저자명  
Hawes, Mark R. .
서명/저자  
The Physical Health of People with Co-Occurring Serious Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : Washington University in St. Louis., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(134 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Cabassa, Leopoldo J. .
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Washington University in St. Louis, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약People with serious mental illness (SMI; e.g., schizophrenia) die 10-25 years earlier than people in the general population largely due to chronic medical conditions (e.g., cardiovascular disease [CVD]), and having a co-occurring substance use disorder (SUD) increases this risk even further compared to having either disorder alone. This is concerning since 50% of people with SMI will be diagnosed with a co-occurring SUD in their lifetime and 40%-80% are current tobacco smokers. Healthy lifestyle interventions can improve the health of people with SMI by offering a package of services aimed at improving physical activity, dietary habits, and engagement in health promoting activities, but little is known about how substance use and tobacco smoking affect healthy lifestyle intervention mechanisms of change (e.g., diet, physical activity) and outcomes (e.g., weight loss).The proposed study sought to understand how tobacco smoking and substance use among people with SMI impacts healthy lifestyle intervention factors (e.g., improvements in diet and physical activity) and health outcomes (e.g., weight loss). Understanding this impact is an important step in the development of personalized interventions directed at reducing CVD risk factors, the leading cause of early mortality among people with co-occurring disorders. Further, despite a national push to integrate behavior and physical healthcare, there is limited research into the multimorbidity of substance use disorders and chronic diseases among people with SMI. Advancing knowledge in this area will provide information important to the integration of behavioral and physical healthcare.This dissertation study uses data from a recently completed National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) funded trial testing the effectiveness of a peer-led healthy lifestyle intervention for 314 participants with SMI and overweight/obesity (BMI ≥25) living in supportive housing. The intervention helped participants achieve clinically significant weight loss (≥5%) through changes in dietary practices and physical activity. The present study addresses the following aims: 1) examine the baseline sociodemographic (e.g., education), mental health (e.g., SMI diagnosis), physical health (e.g., physical health conditions), and healthy lifestyle factor (e.g., diet) correlates of substance use and tobacco smoking, 2) examine how the impact of receiving either the peer-led healthy lifestyle intervention or usual care on weight loss throughout the trial was moderated by participants' baseline tobacco smoking or substance use status, and 3) explore how tobacco smoking and substance use at baseline moderate the mediating effects that improvements in diet and physical activity over the course of the trial have on weight loss at 18-months.Most participants were from racial/ethnic minoritized groups (82%) and 42% were female. The mean age of participants was 49. Approximately 57% were diagnosed with schizophrenia or a schizoaffective condition, 50% anxiety related conditions, 47% bipolar, and 63% were taking an antipsychotic medication. At baseline, 17% had cardiovascular disease, 32% diabetes, 31% arthritis, and on average, participants had 3.7 different chronic medical conditions. The average BMI of participants was 33. At baseline, 63% (N=197) of participants were current tobacco smokers and 25% (N=79) were using substances (i.e., alcohol or drugs).The aim 1 results indicated that the odds of being a current smoker was significantly higher for females, people with fewer years of education, and those with lower BMI's. Poor - fair self-rated health (compared to good - excellent) was consistently related to any substance use, more days of substance use, and more problematic substance use. Additionally, a higher number of medical conditions was related to more days of substance use and more problematic substance use. Fewer sitting minutes per day was significantly associated with any substance use and more days of substance use at baseline. Any substance use and more days of substance use were related to younger age and more years of education. Also, females were less likely to have problematic substance use than those who identified as male. Additionally, racial and ethnic minoritized participants had a higher risk of more substance use days and having bipolar disorder was significantly associated with more days of substance use.Aim 2 results found that the main effects of baseline weight and tobacco smoking were important predictors of weight loss over the course of the trial, but these did not moderate the effect of the intervention. Additionally, the main effect of total days of substance use was a predictor of weight loss over the course of the trial but did not moderate the effect of the intervention. Aim 3 results found that neither baseline tobacco smoking nor substance use influenced weight loss indirectly through diet or physical activity.An important finding of this study was that more days of substance use and more problematic substance use were significantly associated with worse self-rated health and a higher number of medical conditions. In addition, this study challenges researchers to take substance use and tobacco smoking into account when testing healthy lifestyle interventions since smoking and total days of substance use at baseline were significantly associated with more weight loss over the course of the trial. The potential impact of substance use on diet, physical activity, and weight loss and the known association of smoking cessation and weight gain, have important implications for the personalization of healthy lifestyle interventions.In conclusion, the proposed study sought to understand how tobacco smoking and substance use among people with SMI impacted their physical health at baseline and how it impacted their diet, physical activity, and weight loss during a healthy lifestyle intervention. Even though there is a national push to integrate behavioral and physical healthcare, there is limited research into the multimorbidity of substance use disorders and chronic diseases among people with SMI. This study advances knowledge in this area and provides information important to the integration of behavioral and physical healthcare. This study also provides information critical for the development of personalized interventions directed at reducing CVD risk factors, the leading cause of early death among people with SMI and co-occurring disorders. Health interventions can no longer be siloed into weight loss, diet, PA, tobacco smoking, substance use, coordinated care, etc. It is becoming increasingly clear that there is an integral connection between all aspect of physical and mental health and intervening in one area while ignoring another will make it difficult to move the needle and improve quality of life and life expectancy for people with SMI.
일반주제명  
Mental health.
일반주제명  
Clinical psychology.
키워드  
Physical health
키워드  
Serious mental illness
키워드  
Substance use
키워드  
Tobacco smoking
키워드  
Cardiovascular disease
기타저자  
Washington University in St. Louis Social Work
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 84-12B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30525717
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a362
■1001  ▼aHawes,  Mark  R.  .
■24510▼aThe  Physical  Health  of  People  with  Co-Occurring  Serious  Mental  Illness  and  Substance  Use  Disorders▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bWashington  University  in  St.  Louis.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(134  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  84-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Cabassa,  Leopoldo  J.  .
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Washington  University  in  St.  Louis,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aPeople  with  serious  mental  illness  (SMI;  e.g.,  schizophrenia)  die  10-25  years  earlier  than  people  in  the  general  population  largely  due  to  chronic  medical  conditions  (e.g.,  cardiovascular  disease  [CVD]),  and  having  a  co-occurring  substance  use  disorder  (SUD)  increases  this  risk  even  further  compared  to  having  either  disorder  alone.  This  is  concerning  since  50%  of  people  with  SMI  will  be  diagnosed  with  a  co-occurring  SUD  in  their  lifetime  and  40%-80%  are  current  tobacco  smokers.  Healthy  lifestyle  interventions  can  improve  the  health  of  people  with  SMI  by  offering  a  package  of  services  aimed  at  improving  physical  activity,  dietary  habits,  and  engagement  in  health  promoting  activities,  but  little  is  known  about  how  substance  use  and  tobacco  smoking  affect  healthy  lifestyle  intervention  mechanisms  of  change  (e.g.,  diet,  physical  activity)  and  outcomes  (e.g.,  weight  loss).The  proposed  study  sought  to  understand  how  tobacco  smoking  and  substance  use  among  people  with  SMI  impacts  healthy  lifestyle  intervention  factors  (e.g.,  improvements  in  diet  and  physical  activity)  and  health  outcomes  (e.g.,  weight  loss).  Understanding  this  impact  is  an  important  step  in  the  development  of  personalized interventions  directed  at  reducing  CVD  risk  factors,  the  leading  cause  of  early  mortality  among  people  with  co-occurring  disorders.  Further,  despite  a  national  push  to  integrate  behavior  and  physical  healthcare,  there  is  limited  research  into  the  multimorbidity  of  substance  use  disorders  and  chronic  diseases  among  people  with  SMI.  Advancing  knowledge  in  this  area  will  provide  information  important  to  the  integration  of  behavioral  and  physical  healthcare.This  dissertation  study  uses  data  from  a  recently  completed  National  Institute  of  Mental  Health  (NIMH)  funded  trial  testing  the  effectiveness  of  a  peer-led  healthy  lifestyle  intervention  for  314  participants  with  SMI  and  overweight/obesity  (BMI  ≥25)  living  in  supportive  housing.  The  intervention  helped  participants  achieve  clinically  significant  weight  loss  (≥5%)  through  changes  in  dietary  practices  and  physical  activity.  The  present  study  addresses  the  following  aims:  1)  examine  the  baseline  sociodemographic  (e.g.,  education),  mental  health  (e.g.,  SMI  diagnosis),  physical  health  (e.g.,  physical  health  conditions),  and  healthy  lifestyle  factor  (e.g.,  diet)  correlates  of  substance  use  and  tobacco  smoking,  2)  examine  how  the  impact  of  receiving  either  the  peer-led  healthy  lifestyle  intervention  or  usual  care  on  weight  loss  throughout  the  trial  was  moderated  by  participants'  baseline  tobacco  smoking  or  substance  use  status,  and  3)  explore  how  tobacco  smoking  and  substance  use  at  baseline  moderate  the  mediating  effects  that  improvements  in  diet  and  physical  activity  over  the  course  of  the  trial  have  on  weight  loss  at  18-months.Most  participants  were  from  racial/ethnic  minoritized  groups  (82%)  and  42%  were  female.  The  mean  age  of  participants  was  49.  Approximately  57%  were  diagnosed  with  schizophrenia  or  a  schizoaffective  condition,  50%  anxiety  related  conditions,  47% bipolar,  and  63%  were  taking  an  antipsychotic  medication.  At  baseline,  17%  had  cardiovascular  disease,  32%  diabetes,  31%  arthritis,  and  on  average,  participants  had  3.7  different  chronic  medical  conditions.  The  average  BMI  of  participants  was  33.  At  baseline,  63%  (N=197)  of  participants  were  current  tobacco  smokers  and  25%  (N=79)  were  using  substances  (i.e.,  alcohol  or  drugs).The  aim  1  results  indicated  that  the  odds  of  being  a  current  smoker  was  significantly  higher  for  females,  people  with  fewer  years  of  education,  and  those  with  lower  BMI's.  Poor  -  fair  self-rated  health  (compared  to  good  -  excellent)  was  consistently  related  to  any  substance  use,  more  days  of  substance  use,  and  more  problematic  substance  use.  Additionally,  a  higher  number  of  medical  conditions  was  related  to  more  days  of  substance  use  and  more  problematic  substance  use.  Fewer  sitting  minutes  per  day  was  significantly  associated  with  any  substance  use  and  more  days  of  substance  use  at  baseline.  Any  substance  use  and  more  days  of  substance  use  were  related  to  younger  age  and  more  years  of  education.  Also,  females  were  less  likely  to  have  problematic  substance  use  than  those  who  identified  as  male.  Additionally,  racial  and  ethnic  minoritized  participants  had  a  higher  risk  of  more  substance  use  days  and  having  bipolar  disorder  was  significantly  associated  with  more  days  of  substance  use.Aim  2  results  found  that  the  main  effects  of  baseline  weight  and  tobacco  smoking  were  important  predictors  of  weight  loss  over  the  course  of  the  trial,  but  these  did  not  moderate  the  effect  of  the  intervention.  Additionally,  the  main  effect  of  total  days  of  substance  use  was  a  predictor  of  weight  loss  over  the  course  of  the  trial  but  did  not  moderate  the  effect  of  the  intervention.  Aim  3  results  found  that  neither  baseline  tobacco smoking  nor  substance  use  influenced  weight  loss  indirectly  through  diet  or  physical  activity.An  important  finding  of  this  study  was  that  more  days  of  substance  use  and  more  problematic  substance  use  were  significantly  associated  with  worse  self-rated  health  and  a  higher  number  of  medical  conditions.  In  addition,  this  study  challenges  researchers  to  take  substance  use  and  tobacco  smoking  into  account  when  testing  healthy  lifestyle  interventions  since  smoking  and  total  days  of  substance  use  at  baseline  were  significantly  associated  with  more  weight  loss  over  the  course  of  the  trial.  The  potential  impact  of  substance  use  on  diet,  physical  activity,  and  weight  loss  and  the  known  association  of  smoking  cessation  and  weight  gain,  have  important  implications  for  the  personalization  of  healthy  lifestyle  interventions.In  conclusion,  the  proposed  study  sought  to  understand  how  tobacco  smoking  and  substance  use  among  people  with  SMI  impacted  their  physical  health  at  baseline  and  how  it  impacted  their  diet,  physical  activity,  and  weight  loss  during  a  healthy  lifestyle  intervention.  Even  though  there  is  a  national  push  to  integrate  behavioral  and  physical  healthcare,  there  is  limited  research  into  the  multimorbidity  of  substance  use  disorders  and  chronic  diseases  among  people  with  SMI.  This  study  advances  knowledge  in  this  area  and  provides  information  important  to  the  integration  of  behavioral  and  physical  healthcare.  This  study  also  provides  information  critical  for  the  development  of  personalized  interventions  directed  at  reducing  CVD  risk  factors,  the  leading  cause  of  early  death  among  people  with  SMI  and  co-occurring  disorders.  Health  interventions  can  no  longer  be  siloed  into  weight  loss,  diet,  PA,  tobacco  smoking,  substance  use,  coordinated  care,  etc.  It  is  becoming  increasingly  clear  that  there  is  an  integral  connection between  all  aspect  of  physical  and  mental  health  and  intervening  in  one  area  while  ignoring  another  will  make  it  difficult  to  move  the  needle  and  improve  quality  of  life  and  life  expectancy  for  people  with  SMI.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0252.
■650  4▼aMental  health.
■650  4▼aClinical  psychology.
■653    ▼aPhysical  health
■653    ▼aSerious  mental  illness
■653    ▼aSubstance  use
■653    ▼aTobacco  smoking
■653    ▼aCardiovascular  disease
■690    ▼a0347
■690    ▼a0622
■71020▼aWashington  University  in  St.  Louis▼bSocial  Work.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g84-12B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0252
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16933176▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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