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Effects of Vibrational Nonequilibrium on the Acoustic Noise Radiated by a Compressible Boundary Layer- [electronic resource]
Effects of Vibrational Nonequilibrium on the Acoustic Noise Radiated by a Compressible Bou...
Effects of Vibrational Nonequilibrium on the Acoustic Noise Radiated by a Compressible Boundary Layer- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214100322
ISBN  
9798379751647
DDC  
629.1
저자명  
Gillespie, Graeme I.
서명/저자  
Effects of Vibrational Nonequilibrium on the Acoustic Noise Radiated by a Compressible Boundary Layer - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : University of Maryland, College Park., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(168 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Laurence, Stuart.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Maryland, College Park, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Turbulence-generated acoustic noise is of critical concern in the nozzle flows of conventional high-speed wind tunnels, where the disturbance environment encountered by models in the freestream is substantially stronger than that experienced in atmospheric flight and leads to much reduced transition Reynolds numbers. To obtain more accurate comparisons of experimental, computational, and free-flight data, a new control mechanism is needed to reduce freestream disturbance levels. Therefore, the aim of the present work is to investigate the ability of vibrational nonequilibrium processes to attenuate acoustic radiation emitted by turbulent boundary layers in high-speed facilities.Predicting the attenuation from vibrational nonequilibrium processes remains a challenge, and there exist limited experimental data for model validation, particularly at elevated temperatures. To better understand the absorption properties of various gas mixtures, a heated acoustic chamber is developed to measure the attenuation of CO2, N2O, and mixtures of CO2/He, CO2/N2,and N2O/He at temperatures up to 529 K. In mixtures of CO2/He at room temperature, an increase in helium is found to decrease the peak attenuation modestly, but increase the peak attenuation frequency. At higher temperatures, the peak attenuation increased substantially, but as the helium fraction increased, the rate of increase in peak attenuation drops and the values asymptote at lower temperatures. These results illustrate that varying the fraction of helium in mixtures of CO2/He can shift the attenuation to a desired frequency range, providing a method to control acoustic radiation.The effects of vibrational nonequilibrium processes on turbulence-generated acoustic noise are investigated in a Mach-2.8 shock-tunnel facility at the University of Maryland. CO2, N2, He, and He/CO2 mixtures are injected into the lower boundary layer of the flow through a porous plate located in the upstream region of the test section. A four-point Focused Laser Differential Interferometer (FLDI) positioned above the turbulent boundary layer is used to obtain freestream fluctuation measurements assumed to be representative of entropic fluctuations propagating along streamlines and acoustic disturbances along Mach lines. Compared to a boundary layer of pure air, the injection of 30%, 35%, and 40% He/CO2 mixtures resulted in reduced fluctuation powers correlated along a Mach line in the frequency range of 200−800 kHz. Minimal reductions in fluctuation power were measured along corresponding streamlines; therefore, it could be concluded that the vibrationally active gas species in the boundary layer primarily affected acoustic radiation and not entropic disturbances.As measurements are affected by noise radiated from the boundary layers on all four walls of the facility, a mathematical disturbance model is created to examine the sensitivity of the measured attenuation to acoustic disturbances propagating from the lower boundary layer only. Disturbances are modeled as Gaussian wave packets propagating along Mach lines from the four test section walls and along streamlines. Modeling the acoustic disturbances from the lower boundary layer with a 15−30% amplitude reduction resulted in amplitude spectral densities and cross power spectral densities that agreed well with the FLDI measurements. Thus, the injection of a vibrationally active gas into a turbulent boundary layer has the potential to significantly reduce acoustic-disturbance amplitudes in the freestream, greatly expanding the utility of conventional high-speed facilities to study flows in which transition plays an important role.
일반주제명  
Aerospace engineering.
일반주제명  
Acoustics.
일반주제명  
Mechanics.
키워드  
Acoustic noise
키워드  
Boundary layer
키워드  
Focused Laser Differential Interferometer
키워드  
High-speed flow
키워드  
Nonequilibrium
키워드  
Turbulence
기타저자  
University of Maryland, College Park Aerospace Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 84-12B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■0820  ▼a629.1
■1001  ▼aGillespie,  Graeme  I.▼0(orcid)0009-0003-1019-5585
■24510▼aEffects  of  Vibrational  Nonequilibrium  on  the  Acoustic  Noise  Radiated  by  a  Compressible  Boundary  Layer▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity  of  Maryland,  College  Park.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(168  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  84-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Laurence,  Stuart.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Maryland,  College  Park,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aTurbulence-generated  acoustic  noise  is  of  critical  concern  in  the  nozzle  flows  of  conventional  high-speed  wind  tunnels,  where  the  disturbance  environment  encountered  by  models  in  the  freestream  is  substantially  stronger  than  that  experienced  in  atmospheric  flight  and  leads  to  much  reduced  transition  Reynolds  numbers.  To  obtain  more  accurate  comparisons  of  experimental,  computational,  and  free-flight  data,  a  new  control  mechanism  is  needed  to  reduce  freestream  disturbance  levels.  Therefore,  the  aim  of  the  present  work  is  to  investigate  the  ability  of  vibrational  nonequilibrium  processes  to  attenuate  acoustic  radiation  emitted  by  turbulent  boundary  layers  in  high-speed  facilities.Predicting  the  attenuation  from  vibrational  nonequilibrium  processes  remains  a  challenge,  and  there  exist  limited  experimental  data  for  model  validation,  particularly  at  elevated  temperatures.  To  better  understand  the  absorption  properties  of  various  gas  mixtures,  a  heated  acoustic  chamber  is  developed  to  measure  the  attenuation  of  CO2,  N2O,  and  mixtures  of  CO2/He,  CO2/N2,and  N2O/He  at  temperatures  up  to  529  K.  In  mixtures  of  CO2/He  at  room  temperature,  an  increase  in  helium  is  found  to  decrease  the  peak  attenuation  modestly,  but  increase  the  peak  attenuation  frequency.  At  higher  temperatures,  the  peak  attenuation  increased  substantially,  but  as  the  helium  fraction  increased,  the  rate  of  increase  in  peak  attenuation  drops  and  the  values  asymptote  at  lower  temperatures.  These  results  illustrate  that  varying  the  fraction  of  helium  in  mixtures  of  CO2/He  can  shift  the  attenuation  to  a  desired  frequency  range,  providing  a  method  to  control  acoustic  radiation.The  effects  of  vibrational  nonequilibrium  processes  on  turbulence-generated  acoustic  noise  are  investigated  in  a  Mach-2.8  shock-tunnel  facility  at  the  University  of  Maryland.  CO2,  N2,  He,  and  He/CO2  mixtures  are  injected  into  the  lower  boundary  layer  of  the  flow  through  a  porous  plate  located  in  the  upstream  region  of  the  test  section.  A  four-point  Focused  Laser  Differential  Interferometer  (FLDI)  positioned  above  the  turbulent  boundary  layer  is  used  to  obtain  freestream  fluctuation  measurements  assumed  to  be  representative  of  entropic  fluctuations  propagating  along  streamlines  and  acoustic  disturbances  along  Mach  lines.  Compared  to  a  boundary  layer  of  pure  air,  the  injection  of  30%,  35%,  and  40%  He/CO2  mixtures  resulted  in  reduced  fluctuation  powers  correlated  along  a  Mach  line  in  the  frequency  range  of  200−800  kHz.  Minimal  reductions  in  fluctuation  power  were  measured  along  corresponding  streamlines;  therefore,  it  could  be  concluded  that  the  vibrationally  active  gas  species  in  the  boundary  layer  primarily  affected  acoustic  radiation  and  not  entropic  disturbances.As  measurements  are  affected  by  noise  radiated  from  the  boundary  layers  on  all  four  walls  of  the  facility,  a  mathematical  disturbance  model  is  created  to  examine  the  sensitivity  of  the  measured  attenuation  to  acoustic  disturbances  propagating  from  the  lower  boundary  layer  only.  Disturbances  are  modeled  as  Gaussian  wave  packets  propagating  along  Mach  lines  from  the  four  test  section  walls  and  along  streamlines.  Modeling  the  acoustic  disturbances  from  the  lower  boundary  layer  with  a  15−30%  amplitude  reduction  resulted  in  amplitude  spectral  densities  and  cross  power  spectral  densities  that  agreed  well  with  the  FLDI  measurements.  Thus,  the  injection  of  a  vibrationally  active  gas  into  a  turbulent  boundary  layer  has  the  potential  to  significantly  reduce  acoustic-disturbance  amplitudes  in  the  freestream,  greatly  expanding  the  utility  of  conventional  high-speed  facilities  to  study  flows  in  which  transition  plays  an  important  role.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0117.
■650  4▼aAerospace  engineering.
■650  4▼aAcoustics.
■650  4▼aMechanics.
■653    ▼aAcoustic  noise
■653    ▼aBoundary  layer
■653    ▼aFocused  Laser  Differential  Interferometer
■653    ▼aHigh-speed  flow
■653    ▼aNonequilibrium
■653    ▼aTurbulence
■690    ▼a0538
■690    ▼a0346
■690    ▼a0986
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Maryland,  College  Park▼bAerospace  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g84-12B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0117
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16931889▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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