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Electron Kinetics, Reactive Species Generation and Transport in Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jets and Plasma-Liquid Interactions- [electronic resource]
Electron Kinetics, Reactive Species Generation and Transport in Atmospheric Pressure Plasm...
Electron Kinetics, Reactive Species Generation and Transport in Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jets and Plasma-Liquid Interactions- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214095927
ISBN  
9798380391849
DDC  
530
저자명  
Yue, Yuanfu.
서명/저자  
Electron Kinetics, Reactive Species Generation and Transport in Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jets and Plasma-Liquid Interactions - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : University of Minnesota., 2022
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2022
형태사항  
1 online resource(171 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Bruggeman, Peter J.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Minnesota, 2022.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Atmospheric pressure plasma jets have received a lot of attention in the last decade due to the generation of large spectrum of reactive species such as electrons, ions, radicals and photons, which enable many potential applications in the field of biomedical engineering, water treatment and nanoparticle synthesis. Nonetheless, the generation, transport and decay mechanism are not well understood to date, which limits the control of reactive species and severely complicates the optimization of the plasma source for applications. This dissertation describes the development and implementation of in-situ spectroscopic diagnostics for detecting reactive species to understand fundamental plasma chemistry and electron kinetics from free plasma jets to plasma-liquid interactions. Specifically, atomic hydrogen (H) generation in an atmospheric pressure radio frequency (RF) plasma jet was investigated by 1-D two-photon absorption laser induced fluorescence in a He-H2 mixture. The measured time and spatially resolved H density profiles enable a detailed analysis of the species generation, transport and recombination along the axis of symmetry of the jet. The H density distribution for a continuous RF plasma jet is well represented by a Pseudo-1D plug flow model. In addition, RF power modulation has a strong effect on the H density in the active discharge region but has a negligible effect on the H density in the far effluent.A further study combining a measurement of both OH and H radicals are performed in a nanosecond pulsed plasma jets operating in humid He by 1D OH laser induced fluorescence (LIF) and H two-photon laser induced fluorescence (TALIF). It shows that H and OH are mainly generated between the electrodes in the APPJ rather than by the guided streamer. The produced H and OH inside the jet are convectively transported to the jet effluent and determine the H and OH densities in jet effluent. The dominant production and destruction mechanisms of H and OH are obtained from a 0D model. It shows that ion hydration and electron impact dissociation reactions are responsible for OH and H production and self-recombination and recombination with OH are responsible for the OH and H destruction, respectively. The different production mechanisms of H and OH can explain the different memory effects observed for OH and H for varying pulse repetition rates of the plasma generation.As many applications involve a scenario of plasma-liquid interactions, the impact of the strong coupling between plasma and liquid water on plasma properties and processes need to be thoroughly investigated. Thus, we studied the impact of the applied voltage, pulse width and liquid conductivity on the plasma morphology and the OH generation for a positive pulsed DC atmospheric pressure plasma jet with He-0.1% H2O mixture interacting with a liquid cathode. By adopting diagnostic techniques of fast imaging, 2D OH-LIF and Thomson scattering spectroscopy, it is shown that plasma instabilities and enhanced evaporation occur and have a significant impact on the OH radical generation. At elevated plasma energies, the plasma contracts radially due to a thermal instability through Ohmic heating and the contraction coincides with a depletion in the OH density in the core due to electron impact dissociation. For lower plasma energies, the instability is suppressed/delayed by the equivalent series resistor of the liquid electrode. An estimation of the energy flux from the plasma to the liquid shows that the energy flux of the ions released into the liquid by positive ion hydration is dominant, and sufficiently larger than the energy needed to evaporate enough amount of water to account for the measured H2O concentration increase near the plasma-liquid interface.To further study the role of electrons injected into the liquid and the induced chemistry, the electron kinetics in a negatively pulsed plasma interacting with liquid anode is studied by the Thomson scattering spectroscopy. A radial plasma contraction is found for a longer pulse width, which is similar to the plasma-cathode study but does not lead to a run-away behavior of the current. Although the gas temperature keeps increasing during the pulse, the development of thermal instability is prevented by the enhanced evaporation near the liquid surface. Plasma heating leads to a significant N2 mixing which enhanced the ionization in the core and is responsible to the observed radial contraction in emission. N2 mixing also results in additional challenges to analyze the Thomson scattering spectrum through a superposition of resonant LIF transitions of excited N2 on the spectrum leading to an unsymmetric Thomson profile. In addition, a spatial measurement shows an increased electron temperature and a drop in electron density near the liquid surface likely due to electron attachment to H2O molecules. The increase in electron temperature indicates a flux of hot electron injection into the liquid and suggests the possibility of a more complex non-equilibrium solution chemistry near the plasma-liquid interface.To understand the plasma induced liquid chemistry, it is necessary to quantify the dominant species flux from gas phase plasma to the liquid surface. In this thesis, the flux of OH and electrons in the plasma at the liquid anode were measured by laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy and current measurements to investigate the role of OH and electrons in plasma-enabled redox chemistry in solution. The impact of the voltage pulse width, voltage amplitude, liquid temperature and conductivity on the OH density distribution was also investigated. We observed a significant OH density near the liquid surface, which showed a transition from a ring-shaped structure to a more uniform structure with increasing plasma power. This transition coincided with a similar transition in the plasma emission intensity and electron density profile. A rotational Raman scattering indicated that this transition can be attributed to an enhanced N2 mixing at larger plasma-dissipated powers. Besides, a time-resolved measurement showed that the OH density segregates radially in the afterglow at velocities exceeding the gas velocity at room temperature due to enhanced gas convection resulting from the gas heating. While the OH flux was of the order of ~1021 m-2s-1 approximately two orders of magnitude lower than e flux, significant reduction of ferricyanide in the solution occurs during the pulse as well as slow oxidation occurs in the afterglow due to the much longer lifetime of OH compared to electrons. The Faradaic efficiency of the liquid redox chemistry was evaluated with H cell measurements and showed a good agreement with a 1D liquid phase chemical model with the measured electron and OH fluxes as the input. This result shows the capability to quantitatively describe the plasma-driven solution electrochemistry for a model redox couple based on OH and electron driven reactions. Overall, this thesis characterized reactive species generation, transport and decay mechanism and electron kinetics from free plasma jet to jet-liquid interactions by various in-situ spectroscopic methods. The gas phase kinetics are also related to the liquid phase chemistry and suggests an importance and complex role of the gas-liquid interface. The obtained results in this dissertation work benefit the plasma community by strengthening the understanding of fundamental plasma chemistry and plasma-liquid interactions, which will facilitate the development and implementation of novel applications.
일반주제명  
Plasma physics.
일반주제명  
Applied physics.
일반주제명  
Environmental science.
키워드  
Plasma jets
키워드  
Radio frequency
키워드  
Nanosecond pulsed plasma jets
키워드  
Laser induced fluorescence
기타저자  
University of Minnesota Mechanical Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-03B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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 008240612s2022      us  |||||||||||||||c||eng  d
■001000016931152
■00520240214095927
■006m          o    d                
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020    ▼a9798380391849
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI29392187
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a530
■1001  ▼aYue,  Yuanfu.
■24510▼aElectron  Kinetics,  Reactive  Species  Generation  and  Transport  in  Atmospheric  Pressure  Plasma  Jets  and  Plasma-Liquid  Interactions▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity  of  Minnesota.  ▼c2022
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2022
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(171  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Bruggeman,  Peter  J.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Minnesota,  2022.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aAtmospheric  pressure  plasma  jets  have  received  a  lot  of  attention  in  the  last  decade  due  to  the  generation  of  large  spectrum  of  reactive  species  such  as  electrons,  ions,  radicals  and  photons,  which  enable  many  potential  applications  in  the  field  of  biomedical  engineering,  water  treatment  and  nanoparticle  synthesis.  Nonetheless,  the  generation,  transport  and  decay  mechanism  are  not  well  understood  to  date,  which  limits  the  control  of  reactive  species  and  severely  complicates  the  optimization  of  the  plasma  source  for  applications.  This  dissertation  describes  the  development  and  implementation  of  in-situ  spectroscopic  diagnostics  for  detecting  reactive  species  to  understand  fundamental  plasma  chemistry  and  electron  kinetics  from  free  plasma  jets  to  plasma-liquid  interactions.  Specifically,  atomic  hydrogen  (H)  generation  in  an  atmospheric  pressure  radio  frequency  (RF)  plasma  jet  was  investigated  by  1-D  two-photon  absorption  laser  induced  fluorescence  in  a  He-H2  mixture.  The  measured  time  and  spatially  resolved  H  density  profiles  enable  a  detailed  analysis  of  the  species  generation,  transport  and  recombination  along  the  axis  of  symmetry  of  the  jet.  The  H  density  distribution  for  a  continuous  RF  plasma  jet  is  well  represented  by  a  Pseudo-1D  plug  flow  model.  In  addition,  RF  power  modulation  has  a  strong  effect  on  the  H  density  in  the  active  discharge  region  but  has  a  negligible  effect  on  the  H  density  in  the  far  effluent.A  further  study  combining  a  measurement  of  both  OH  and  H  radicals  are  performed  in  a  nanosecond  pulsed  plasma  jets  operating  in  humid  He  by  1D  OH  laser  induced  fluorescence  (LIF)  and  H  two-photon  laser  induced  fluorescence  (TALIF).  It  shows  that  H  and  OH  are  mainly  generated  between  the  electrodes  in  the  APPJ  rather  than  by  the  guided  streamer.  The  produced  H  and  OH  inside  the  jet  are  convectively  transported  to  the  jet  effluent  and  determine  the  H  and  OH  densities  in  jet  effluent.  The  dominant  production  and  destruction  mechanisms  of  H  and  OH  are  obtained  from  a  0D  model.  It  shows  that  ion  hydration  and  electron  impact  dissociation  reactions  are  responsible  for  OH  and  H  production  and  self-recombination  and  recombination  with  OH  are  responsible  for  the  OH  and  H  destruction,  respectively.  The  different  production  mechanisms  of  H  and  OH  can  explain  the  different  memory  effects  observed  for  OH  and  H  for  varying  pulse  repetition  rates  of  the  plasma  generation.As  many  applications  involve  a  scenario  of  plasma-liquid  interactions,  the  impact  of  the  strong  coupling  between  plasma  and  liquid  water  on  plasma  properties  and  processes  need  to  be  thoroughly  investigated.  Thus,  we  studied  the  impact  of  the  applied  voltage,  pulse  width  and  liquid  conductivity  on  the  plasma  morphology  and  the  OH  generation  for  a  positive  pulsed  DC  atmospheric  pressure  plasma  jet  with  He-0.1%  H2O  mixture  interacting  with  a  liquid  cathode.  By  adopting  diagnostic  techniques  of  fast  imaging,  2D  OH-LIF  and  Thomson  scattering  spectroscopy,  it  is  shown  that  plasma  instabilities  and  enhanced  evaporation  occur  and  have  a  significant  impact  on  the  OH  radical  generation.  At  elevated  plasma  energies,  the  plasma  contracts  radially  due  to  a  thermal  instability  through  Ohmic  heating  and  the  contraction  coincides  with  a  depletion  in  the  OH  density  in  the  core  due  to  electron  impact  dissociation.  For  lower  plasma  energies,  the  instability  is  suppressed/delayed  by  the  equivalent  series  resistor  of  the  liquid  electrode.  An  estimation  of  the  energy  flux  from  the  plasma  to  the  liquid  shows  that  the  energy  flux  of  the  ions  released  into  the  liquid  by  positive  ion  hydration  is  dominant,  and  sufficiently  larger  than  the  energy  needed  to  evaporate  enough  amount  of  water  to  account  for  the  measured  H2O  concentration  increase  near  the  plasma-liquid  interface.To  further  study  the  role  of  electrons  injected  into  the  liquid  and  the  induced  chemistry,  the  electron  kinetics  in  a  negatively  pulsed  plasma  interacting  with  liquid  anode  is  studied  by  the  Thomson  scattering  spectroscopy.  A  radial  plasma  contraction  is  found  for  a  longer  pulse  width,  which  is  similar  to  the  plasma-cathode  study  but  does  not  lead  to  a  run-away  behavior  of  the  current.  Although  the  gas  temperature  keeps  increasing  during  the  pulse,  the  development  of  thermal  instability  is  prevented  by  the  enhanced  evaporation  near  the  liquid  surface.  Plasma  heating  leads  to  a  significant  N2  mixing  which  enhanced  the  ionization  in  the  core  and  is  responsible  to  the  observed  radial  contraction  in  emission.  N2  mixing  also  results  in  additional  challenges  to  analyze  the  Thomson  scattering  spectrum  through  a  superposition  of  resonant  LIF  transitions  of  excited  N2  on  the  spectrum  leading  to  an  unsymmetric  Thomson  profile.  In  addition,  a  spatial  measurement  shows  an  increased  electron  temperature  and  a  drop  in  electron  density  near  the  liquid  surface  likely  due  to  electron  attachment  to  H2O  molecules.  The  increase  in  electron  temperature  indicates  a  flux  of  hot  electron  injection  into  the  liquid  and  suggests  the  possibility  of  a  more  complex  non-equilibrium  solution  chemistry  near  the  plasma-liquid  interface.To  understand  the  plasma  induced  liquid  chemistry,  it  is  necessary  to  quantify  the  dominant  species  flux  from  gas  phase  plasma  to  the  liquid  surface.  In  this  thesis,  the  flux  of  OH  and  electrons  in  the  plasma  at  the  liquid  anode  were  measured  by  laser  induced  fluorescence  spectroscopy  and  current  measurements  to  investigate  the  role  of  OH  and  electrons  in  plasma-enabled  redox  chemistry  in  solution.  The  impact  of  the  voltage  pulse  width,  voltage  amplitude,  liquid  temperature  and  conductivity  on  the  OH  density  distribution  was  also  investigated.  We  observed  a  significant  OH  density  near  the  liquid  surface,  which  showed  a  transition  from  a  ring-shaped  structure  to  a  more  uniform  structure  with  increasing  plasma  power.  This  transition  coincided  with  a  similar  transition  in  the  plasma  emission  intensity  and  electron  density  profile.  A  rotational  Raman  scattering  indicated  that  this  transition  can  be  attributed  to  an  enhanced  N2  mixing  at  larger  plasma-dissipated  powers.  Besides,  a  time-resolved  measurement  showed  that  the  OH  density  segregates  radially  in  the  afterglow  at  velocities  exceeding  the  gas  velocity  at  room  temperature  due  to  enhanced  gas  convection  resulting  from  the  gas  heating.  While  the  OH  flux  was  of  the  order  of  ~1021  m-2s-1  approximately  two  orders  of  magnitude  lower  than  e  flux,  significant  reduction  of  ferricyanide  in  the  solution  occurs  during  the  pulse  as  well  as  slow  oxidation  occurs  in  the  afterglow  due  to  the  much  longer  lifetime  of  OH  compared  to  electrons.  The  Faradaic  efficiency  of  the  liquid  redox  chemistry  was  evaluated  with  H  cell  measurements  and  showed  a  good  agreement  with  a  1D  liquid  phase  chemical  model  with  the  measured  electron  and  OH  fluxes  as  the  input.  This  result  shows  the  capability  to  quantitatively  describe  the  plasma-driven  solution  electrochemistry  for  a  model  redox  couple  based  on  OH  and  electron  driven  reactions.  Overall,  this  thesis  characterized  reactive  species  generation,  transport  and  decay  mechanism  and  electron  kinetics  from  free  plasma  jet  to  jet-liquid  interactions  by  various  in-situ  spectroscopic  methods.  The  gas  phase  kinetics  are  also  related  to  the  liquid  phase  chemistry  and  suggests  an  importance  and  complex  role  of  the  gas-liquid  interface.  The  obtained  results  in  this  dissertation  work  benefit  the  plasma  community  by  strengthening  the  understanding  of  fundamental  plasma  chemistry  and  plasma-liquid  interactions,  which  will  facilitate  the  development  and  implementation  of  novel  applications.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0130.
■650  4▼aPlasma  physics.
■650  4▼aApplied  physics.
■650  4▼aEnvironmental  science.
■653    ▼aPlasma  jets
■653    ▼aRadio  frequency
■653    ▼aNanosecond  pulsed  plasma  jets
■653    ▼aLaser  induced  fluorescence
■690    ▼a0759
■690    ▼a0768
■690    ▼a0215
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Minnesota▼bMechanical  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-03B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0130
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2022
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16931152▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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