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Climate, Clouds, and Convection on Earth and Titan- [electronic resource]
Climate, Clouds, and Convection on Earth and Titan - [electronic resource]
Climate, Clouds, and Convection on Earth and Titan- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101924
ISBN  
9798380797207
DDC  
551.5
저자명  
Spaulding-Astudillo, Francisco Eduardo.
서명/저자  
Climate, Clouds, and Convection on Earth and Titan - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : University of California, Los Angeles., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(174 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Mitchell, Jonathan L.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약The planets and moons in the solar system present a unique opportunity for enriching our understanding of Earth. The remarkable diversity of atmospheric compositions, dynamics, and weather patterns requires us to move beyond Earth-centric paradigms and search for more general theories that can explain the similarities and differences between them. In this work, Saturn's moon Titan is chosen as the point of comparison with Earth for its compositional similarity, active hydrological cycle, and distinct atmospheric dynamics. We investigate the governing physics of climate, clouds, and convection on both bodies with the goal of learning general truths that broadly apply to most, if not all, moist planetary atmospheres. We focus, in particular, on the effects of low to high moisture concentration in the atmosphere. First, it is found that Earth's climate is remarkably stable to significant changes in atmospheric moisture content. In Earth-like climate states, the vapor pressure path at the anvil cloud level is fixed due to spectroscopic properties of water vapor. The largest changes in Earth's climate occur at tipping points that involve transitions from multi-layered to single-layered convective clouds. Second, we demonstrate that the height of congestus cloud-top formation in the tropics is driven by a mid-tropospheric decline in the water vapor emissivity in clear-sky regions, which causes clouds to detrain preferentially between 5-6 km. This clear-sky theory of cloud formation is derived from basic assumptions of mass and energy balance and so should generalize well to other locations on Earth or to other planets and different atmospheric compositions. Third, we show that the transition from steady, quasi-equilibrium (QE) precipitation on Earth to non-steady, relaxed oscillator (RO) precipitation on Titan is predicted by the breakdown of a heat engine model of convection with increasing surface temperature and/or atmospheric moisture content. The breakdown of quasi-equilibrium dynamics occurs due to an imbalance between the work performed by the convective heat engine and the heat of condensation released by the convective motions themselves. The heat engine perspective offers a robust point of comparison between the atmospheres of Earth and Titan based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics, which are system invariant. The heat engine model is, in fact, agnostic of the working fluid and the condensing substance and, arguably, is the best framework to explain why dynamical similarities between present day Titan and a much warmer Earth exist.
일반주제명  
Atmospheric sciences.
일반주제명  
Geophysics.
일반주제명  
Climate change.
키워드  
Clear sky convergence
키워드  
Heat engine
키워드  
Precipitation
키워드  
Relaxation oscillator
키워드  
Atmospheric compositions
기타저자  
University of California, Los Angeles Geophysics & Space Physics 0406
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-05B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■00520240214101924
■006m          o    d                
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020    ▼a9798380797207
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30692954
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a551.5
■1001  ▼aSpaulding-Astudillo,  Francisco  Eduardo.
■24510▼aClimate,  Clouds,  and  Convection  on  Earth  and  Titan▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(174  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Mitchell,  Jonathan  L.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Los  Angeles,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aThe  planets  and  moons  in  the  solar  system  present  a  unique  opportunity  for  enriching  our  understanding  of  Earth.  The  remarkable  diversity  of  atmospheric  compositions,  dynamics,  and  weather  patterns  requires  us  to  move  beyond  Earth-centric  paradigms  and  search  for  more  general  theories  that  can  explain  the  similarities  and  differences  between  them.  In  this  work,  Saturn's  moon  Titan  is  chosen  as  the  point  of  comparison  with  Earth  for  its  compositional  similarity,  active  hydrological  cycle,  and  distinct  atmospheric  dynamics.  We  investigate  the  governing  physics  of  climate,  clouds,  and  convection  on  both  bodies  with  the  goal  of  learning  general  truths  that  broadly  apply  to  most,  if  not  all,  moist  planetary  atmospheres.  We  focus,  in  particular,  on  the  effects  of  low  to  high  moisture  concentration  in  the  atmosphere.  First,  it  is  found  that  Earth's  climate  is  remarkably  stable  to  significant  changes  in  atmospheric  moisture  content.  In  Earth-like  climate  states,  the  vapor  pressure  path  at  the  anvil  cloud  level  is  fixed  due  to  spectroscopic  properties  of  water  vapor.  The  largest  changes  in  Earth's  climate  occur  at  tipping  points  that  involve  transitions  from  multi-layered  to  single-layered  convective  clouds.  Second,  we  demonstrate  that  the  height of  congestus  cloud-top  formation  in  the  tropics  is  driven  by  a  mid-tropospheric  decline  in  the  water  vapor  emissivity  in  clear-sky  regions,  which  causes  clouds  to  detrain  preferentially  between  5-6  km.  This  clear-sky  theory  of  cloud  formation  is  derived  from  basic  assumptions  of  mass  and  energy  balance  and  so  should  generalize  well  to  other  locations  on  Earth  or  to  other  planets  and  different  atmospheric  compositions.  Third,  we  show  that  the  transition  from  steady,  quasi-equilibrium  (QE)  precipitation  on  Earth  to  non-steady,  relaxed  oscillator  (RO)  precipitation  on  Titan  is  predicted  by  the  breakdown  of  a  heat  engine  model  of  convection  with  increasing  surface  temperature  and/or  atmospheric  moisture  content.  The  breakdown  of  quasi-equilibrium  dynamics  occurs  due  to  an  imbalance  between  the  work  performed  by  the  convective  heat  engine  and  the  heat  of  condensation  released  by  the  convective  motions  themselves.  The  heat  engine  perspective  offers  a  robust  point  of  comparison  between  the  atmospheres  of  Earth  and  Titan  based  on  the  first  and  second  laws  of  thermodynamics,  which  are  system  invariant.  The  heat  engine  model  is,  in  fact,  agnostic  of  the  working  fluid  and  the  condensing  substance  and,  arguably,  is  the  best  framework  to  explain  why  dynamical  similarities  between  present  day  Titan  and  a  much  warmer  Earth  exist.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0031.
■650  4▼aAtmospheric  sciences.
■650  4▼aGeophysics.
■650  4▼aClimate  change.
■653    ▼aClear  sky  convergence
■653    ▼aHeat  engine
■653    ▼aPrecipitation
■653    ▼aRelaxation  oscillator
■653    ▼aAtmospheric  compositions
■690    ▼a0725
■690    ▼a0373
■690    ▼a0404
■690    ▼a0467
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles▼bGeophysics  &  Space  Physics  0406.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-05B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0031
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16935369▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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