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Education and Later-Life Blood Pressure: Evidence From Compulsory Schooling Laws and College Expansion in the United States- [electronic resource]
Education and Later-Life Blood Pressure: Evidence From Compulsory Schooling Laws and College Expansion in the United States- [electronic resource]
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문파일 국외
- 최종처리일시
- 20240214101301
- ISBN
- 9798380332385
- DDC
- 614.4
- 서명/저자
- Education and Later-Life Blood Pressure: Evidence From Compulsory Schooling Laws and College Expansion in the United States - [electronic resource]
- 발행사항
- [S.l.]: : University of California, San Francisco., 2023
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
- 형태사항
- 1 online resource(86 p.)
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03, Section: A.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Vable, Anusha.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, San Francisco, 2023.
- 사용제한주기
- This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
- 초록/해제
- 요약More schooling predicts better cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes, but a causal relationship between education and later-life blood pressure (BP) outcomes is less clear. Most prior work also evaluates the effect of education at the mean of BP, giving little insight into effects across the whole outcome distribution. We leveraged natural experiments, variation in compulsory schooling laws (CSLs) affecting K-12 education in the US as well as variation in the availability of colleges by state in the US, to evaluate how increased education impacted later-life BP. We also evaluate the intention-to-treat (ITT) association of college availability with later-life BP. We used quantile regression to evaluate the effects of education along the distribution of BP.We performed two-sample instrumental variable (IV) analyses using data from the US Census and from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to evaluate how variation in CSLs and college availability impacted later-life BP. In these analyses, we used linear regression in the first stage and both linear and quantile regression in the second stage. In the ITT analysis, we used linear and quantile regression. All models were adjusted for individual- and state-level covariates. To evaluate whether the effects of education varied by race and sex, we also generated results with race by sex interaction terms. We found no evidence of an effect of education on BP in the overall study population for the CSL IV analysis. In the college IV analysis, we found that increasing the number of colleges in a state decreased SBP, although confidence intervals included the null in CQR models. In the overall ITT analysis, we found no evidence of an association for 2-year colleges, but a small decrease in SBP associated with each additional 4-year college.In subgroup analyses, however, we found important differences in the effect of education. In the CSL IV analysis, among White women, each additional year of K-12 education consistently lowered SBP across the SBP distribution, while among Black men, education consistently elevated SBP across the SBP distribution. In the college IV analysis, among White women, each additional 2- or 4-year college consistently lowered SBP across the SBP distribution while effect estimates in other subgroups all included the null. In ITT analyses, we found that women had decreased SBP at the upper end of the SBP distribution while men had increased SBP over the same range. Black women consistently had decreased SBP associated with additional 2- and 4-year colleges, although estimates were imprecise.In subgroup analyses, however, we found important differences in the effect of education. In the CSL IV analysis, among White women, each additional year of K-12 education consistently lowered SBP across the SBP distribution, while among Black men, education consistently elevated SBP across the SBP distribution. In the college IV analysis, among White women, each additional 2- or 4-year college consistently lowered SBP across the SBP distribution while effect estimates in other subgroups all included the null. In ITT analyses, we found that women had decreased SBP at the upper end of the SBP distribution while men had increased SBP over the same range. Black women consistently had decreased SBP associated with additional 2- and 4-year colleges, although estimates were imprecise.
- 일반주제명
- Epidemiology.
- 일반주제명
- Public health education.
- 일반주제명
- Health education.
- 키워드
- Blood pressure
- 키워드
- K-12 education
- 기타저자
- University of California, San Francisco Epidemiology and Translational Science
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-03A.
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertation Abstract International
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■006m o d
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■020 ▼a9798380332385
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30531025
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a614.4
■1001 ▼aIrish, Amanda Michelle.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-9097-1067
■24510▼aEducation and Later-Life Blood Pressure: Evidence From Compulsory Schooling Laws and College Expansion in the United States▼h[electronic resource]
■260 ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity of California, San Francisco. ▼c2023
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor :▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses, ▼c2023
■300 ▼a1 online resource(86 p.)
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03, Section: A.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Vable, Anusha.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, San Francisco, 2023.
■506 ▼aThis item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
■520 ▼aMore schooling predicts better cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes, but a causal relationship between education and later-life blood pressure (BP) outcomes is less clear. Most prior work also evaluates the effect of education at the mean of BP, giving little insight into effects across the whole outcome distribution. We leveraged natural experiments, variation in compulsory schooling laws (CSLs) affecting K-12 education in the US as well as variation in the availability of colleges by state in the US, to evaluate how increased education impacted later-life BP. We also evaluate the intention-to-treat (ITT) association of college availability with later-life BP. We used quantile regression to evaluate the effects of education along the distribution of BP.We performed two-sample instrumental variable (IV) analyses using data from the US Census and from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to evaluate how variation in CSLs and college availability impacted later-life BP. In these analyses, we used linear regression in the first stage and both linear and quantile regression in the second stage. In the ITT analysis, we used linear and quantile regression. All models were adjusted for individual- and state-level covariates. To evaluate whether the effects of education varied by race and sex, we also generated results with race by sex interaction terms. We found no evidence of an effect of education on BP in the overall study population for the CSL IV analysis. In the college IV analysis, we found that increasing the number of colleges in a state decreased SBP, although confidence intervals included the null in CQR models. In the overall ITT analysis, we found no evidence of an association for 2-year colleges, but a small decrease in SBP associated with each additional 4-year college.In subgroup analyses, however, we found important differences in the effect of education. In the CSL IV analysis, among White women, each additional year of K-12 education consistently lowered SBP across the SBP distribution, while among Black men, education consistently elevated SBP across the SBP distribution. In the college IV analysis, among White women, each additional 2- or 4-year college consistently lowered SBP across the SBP distribution while effect estimates in other subgroups all included the null. In ITT analyses, we found that women had decreased SBP at the upper end of the SBP distribution while men had increased SBP over the same range. Black women consistently had decreased SBP associated with additional 2- and 4-year colleges, although estimates were imprecise.In subgroup analyses, however, we found important differences in the effect of education. In the CSL IV analysis, among White women, each additional year of K-12 education consistently lowered SBP across the SBP distribution, while among Black men, education consistently elevated SBP across the SBP distribution. In the college IV analysis, among White women, each additional 2- or 4-year college consistently lowered SBP across the SBP distribution while effect estimates in other subgroups all included the null. In ITT analyses, we found that women had decreased SBP at the upper end of the SBP distribution while men had increased SBP over the same range. Black women consistently had decreased SBP associated with additional 2- and 4-year colleges, although estimates were imprecise.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0034.
■650 4▼aEpidemiology.
■650 4▼aPublic health education.
■650 4▼aHealth education.
■653 ▼aBlood pressure
■653 ▼aInstrumental variable
■653 ▼aSocial epidemiology
■653 ▼aCardiovascular disease
■653 ▼aK-12 education
■690 ▼a0766
■690 ▼a0500
■690 ▼a0680
■71020▼aUniversity of California, San Francisco▼bEpidemiology and Translational Science.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g85-03A.
■773 ▼tDissertation Abstract International
■790 ▼a0034
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2023
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16933545▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
■980 ▼a202402▼f2024
