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Essays in Macro Development- [electronic resource]
Essays in Macro Development- [electronic resource]
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문파일 국외
- 최종처리일시
- 20240214100045
- ISBN
- 9798379774004
- DDC
- 379
- 저자명
- Huang, Yueling.
- 서명/저자
- Essays in Macro Development - [electronic resource]
- 발행사항
- [S.l.]: : New York University., 2023
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
- 형태사항
- 1 online resource(144 p.)
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01, Section: A.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Midrigan, Virgiliu.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2023.
- 사용제한주기
- This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
- 초록/해제
- 요약This dissertation consists of two essays in macro development.Chapter 1 studies the aggregate and distributional implications of college subsidies (e.g.: Pell grants) expansion by explicitly considering college major choice in general equilibrium. First, I empirically document that majors chosen by poorer students exhibit higher initial earnings, lower earnings growth, and lower earnings risk. I then build a general equilibrium heterogeneous agent life-cycle model with uninsurable idiosyncratic risk and borrowing constraints calibrated to the U.S. economy. Calibration suggests that majors chosen by poorer students also have higher disutility. Quantitatively, I find that unconditional expansion in college subsidies is not sufficient to induce poorer students to switch into the majors that richer students are currently choosing. Keeping the total subsidies budget equalized across experiments, college subsidies conditional on majors currently chosen by the poor (e.g.: STEM, Health, Education) generate higher average welfare gains than unconditional or conditional subsidies on majors currently chosen by the rich.Chapter 2 is joint work with Qinzhuo Gong. We explore how emissions interact with multiple sectors (i.e.: agriculture, manufacturing, services) and study the implications of such interactions for structural transformation, aggregate productivity, and cross-country productivity differences. We document three facts. First, services produce the highest share of emissions, but agriculture and manufacturing have higher emissions relative to their sectoral shares. Second, rising temperature lowers sectoral productivity in poor countries, especially in manufacturing and services. Third, emissions per capita/hours worked decrease with agriculture employment/hours share, but increase with manufacturing and services employment/hours share. We quantify a model of structural transformation consistent with these facts. Our model highlights that emissions hinder the reallocation of economic activities from less productive agriculture to more productive manufacturing and services, thereby lowering aggregate productivity. The model with emissions yields approximately 10% higher cross-country productivity differences, compared to the standard model without emissions.
- 일반주제명
- Education policy.
- 기타저자
- New York University Economics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-01A.
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertation Abstract International
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
008240612s2023 us |||||||||||||||c||eng d■001000016931573
■00520240214100045
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798379774004
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30314844
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a379
■1001 ▼aHuang, Yueling.
■24510▼aEssays in Macro Development▼h[electronic resource]
■260 ▼a[S.l.]:▼bNew York University. ▼c2023
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor :▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses, ▼c2023
■300 ▼a1 online resource(144 p.)
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01, Section: A.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Midrigan, Virgiliu.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2023.
■506 ▼aThis item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
■520 ▼aThis dissertation consists of two essays in macro development.Chapter 1 studies the aggregate and distributional implications of college subsidies (e.g.: Pell grants) expansion by explicitly considering college major choice in general equilibrium. First, I empirically document that majors chosen by poorer students exhibit higher initial earnings, lower earnings growth, and lower earnings risk. I then build a general equilibrium heterogeneous agent life-cycle model with uninsurable idiosyncratic risk and borrowing constraints calibrated to the U.S. economy. Calibration suggests that majors chosen by poorer students also have higher disutility. Quantitatively, I find that unconditional expansion in college subsidies is not sufficient to induce poorer students to switch into the majors that richer students are currently choosing. Keeping the total subsidies budget equalized across experiments, college subsidies conditional on majors currently chosen by the poor (e.g.: STEM, Health, Education) generate higher average welfare gains than unconditional or conditional subsidies on majors currently chosen by the rich.Chapter 2 is joint work with Qinzhuo Gong. We explore how emissions interact with multiple sectors (i.e.: agriculture, manufacturing, services) and study the implications of such interactions for structural transformation, aggregate productivity, and cross-country productivity differences. We document three facts. First, services produce the highest share of emissions, but agriculture and manufacturing have higher emissions relative to their sectoral shares. Second, rising temperature lowers sectoral productivity in poor countries, especially in manufacturing and services. Third, emissions per capita/hours worked decrease with agriculture employment/hours share, but increase with manufacturing and services employment/hours share. We quantify a model of structural transformation consistent with these facts. Our model highlights that emissions hinder the reallocation of economic activities from less productive agriculture to more productive manufacturing and services, thereby lowering aggregate productivity. The model with emissions yields approximately 10% higher cross-country productivity differences, compared to the standard model without emissions.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0146.
■650 4▼aEducation policy.
■653 ▼aMacro development
■653 ▼aCollege subsidies
■653 ▼aHigher initial earnings
■653 ▼aHigher disutility
■653 ▼aStructural transformation
■690 ▼a0501
■690 ▼a0511
■690 ▼a0458
■71020▼aNew York University▼bEconomics.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g85-01A.
■773 ▼tDissertation Abstract International
■790 ▼a0146
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2023
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16931573▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
■980 ▼a202402▼f2024
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