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An Efficient Propensity Score Method for Causal Analysis with Application to Case-Control Study in Breast Cancer Research- [electronic resource]
An Efficient Propensity Score Method for Causal Analysis with Application to Case-Control ...
An Efficient Propensity Score Method for Causal Analysis with Application to Case-Control Study in Breast Cancer Research- [electronic resource]

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101651
ISBN  
9798380146142
DDC  
574
저자명  
Najafkouchak, Azam.
서명/저자  
An Efficient Propensity Score Method for Causal Analysis with Application to Case-Control Study in Breast Cancer Research - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : Michigan State University., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(119 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Todem, David.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Propensity Score (PS) become a popular method to adjust for measured confounding factor in the absence of randomization. In real applications, a practice is to discretize these scores and use the stratification approach to estimate the causal parameter of interest. In this dissertation we introduce a novel and flexible stratification approach (continuous threshold) that uses all available information in the propensity score to improve the power for assessing the average treatment effect (ATE). This new approach requires continuous dichotomizations of the PS. Empirical processes resulting from these dichotomizations are then used to construct an integrated estimator of the causal effect, with limiting null distributions shown to be functionals of tight random processes. We illustrate our newly proposed method using simulation studies and an application to a real dataset in breast cancer (BC) research, Polish Women's Health Study (PWHS).Based on evidence of Monte Carlo simulation study, we showed that the newly continuous threshold increases the power of test compared to PS stratification method (quintiles and median). It is also provided, closer estimation of the causal effect to the true value. Because the true value of ATE is usually unknown to the researchers, continuous threshold can be applied to improve estimation of ATE as sample size increases.In our extensive analysis using traditional analysis of case control studies, we observed a significant reduction (approximately 50%) in breast cancer risk for high levels of total daily physical activity (PA) relative to low levels both in adolescence and adulthood. Similar reduction in risk for PA was observed for the causal effect estimated as OR's when the three PS methods: Inverse Probability Weighting (IPW), Covariate Adjustment and Stratification were applied to analyze PWHS.When the scanning method was applied for the case study (PWHS), we showed that it was robust to the misclassification of the PS model, while other evaluated methods provided estimates of causal effect that varied under covariate misclassification.Using Case-Control Weighted Target Maximum Likelihood Estimation (CCW-TMLE) introduced by Rose and van der Laan, et al 2014, we estimated ATE for total daily PA during adolescence and adulthood for our case- control study (PWHS). Our estimate of ATE was negative and significant, indicating a reduction in risk of BC for high level vs low level of PA.In conclusion, our results contribute to the methodology of estimating causal effect by newly introduced continuous thresholding method as well as to the literature on the effect of high total daily PA in adolescence and adulthood on reduction of BC risk.This analysis suggests that there should be more emphasis on increasing the level of PA in girls under the age of 18. In addition, to encouraging high level of adolescent PA, maintenance of higher levels of PA in adulthood should be of equal importance to gain the largest benefit from PA throughout lifetime on BC risk reduction.
일반주제명  
Biostatistics.
일반주제명  
Epidemiology.
일반주제명  
Bioinformatics.
일반주제명  
Oncology.
키워드  
Propensity Score
키워드  
Randomization
키워드  
Breast cancer
키워드  
Average treatment effect
키워드  
Physical activity
키워드  
PWHS
기타저자  
Michigan State University Biostatistics - Doctor of Philosophy
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-02B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■00520240214101651
■006m          o    d                
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■020    ▼a9798380146142
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30634285
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a574
■1001  ▼aNajafkouchak,  Azam.
■24513▼aAn  Efficient  Propensity  Score  Method  for  Causal  Analysis  with  Application  to  Case-Control  Study  in  Breast  Cancer  Research▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bMichigan  State  University.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(119  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Todem,  David.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Michigan  State  University,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aPropensity  Score  (PS)  become  a  popular  method  to  adjust  for  measured  confounding  factor  in  the  absence  of  randomization.  In  real  applications,  a  practice  is  to  discretize  these  scores  and  use  the  stratification  approach  to  estimate  the  causal  parameter  of  interest.  In  this  dissertation  we  introduce  a  novel  and  flexible  stratification  approach  (continuous  threshold)  that  uses  all  available  information  in  the  propensity  score  to  improve  the  power  for  assessing  the  average  treatment  effect  (ATE).  This  new  approach  requires  continuous  dichotomizations  of  the  PS.  Empirical  processes  resulting  from  these  dichotomizations  are  then  used  to  construct  an  integrated  estimator  of  the  causal  effect,  with  limiting  null  distributions  shown  to  be  functionals  of  tight  random  processes.  We  illustrate  our  newly  proposed  method  using  simulation  studies  and  an  application  to  a  real  dataset  in  breast  cancer  (BC)  research,  Polish  Women's  Health  Study  (PWHS).Based  on  evidence  of  Monte  Carlo  simulation  study,  we  showed  that  the  newly  continuous  threshold  increases  the  power  of  test  compared  to  PS  stratification  method  (quintiles  and  median).  It  is  also  provided,  closer  estimation  of  the  causal  effect  to  the  true  value.  Because  the  true  value  of  ATE  is  usually  unknown  to  the  researchers,  continuous  threshold  can  be  applied  to  improve  estimation  of  ATE  as  sample  size  increases.In  our  extensive  analysis  using  traditional  analysis  of  case  control  studies,  we  observed  a  significant  reduction  (approximately  50%)  in  breast  cancer  risk  for  high  levels  of  total  daily  physical  activity  (PA)  relative  to  low  levels  both  in  adolescence  and  adulthood.  Similar  reduction  in  risk  for  PA  was  observed  for  the  causal  effect  estimated  as  OR's  when  the  three  PS  methods:  Inverse  Probability  Weighting  (IPW),  Covariate  Adjustment  and  Stratification  were  applied  to  analyze  PWHS.When  the  scanning  method  was  applied  for  the  case  study  (PWHS),  we  showed  that  it  was  robust  to  the  misclassification  of  the  PS  model,  while  other  evaluated  methods  provided  estimates  of  causal  effect  that  varied  under  covariate  misclassification.Using  Case-Control  Weighted  Target  Maximum  Likelihood  Estimation  (CCW-TMLE)  introduced  by  Rose  and  van  der  Laan,  et  al  2014,  we  estimated  ATE  for  total  daily  PA  during  adolescence  and  adulthood  for  our  case-  control  study  (PWHS).  Our  estimate  of  ATE  was  negative  and  significant,  indicating  a  reduction  in  risk  of  BC  for  high  level  vs  low  level  of  PA.In  conclusion,  our  results  contribute  to  the  methodology  of  estimating  causal  effect  by  newly  introduced  continuous  thresholding  method  as  well  as  to  the  literature  on  the  effect  of  high  total  daily  PA  in  adolescence  and  adulthood  on  reduction  of  BC  risk.This  analysis  suggests  that  there  should  be  more  emphasis  on  increasing  the  level  of  PA  in  girls  under  the  age  of  18.  In  addition,  to  encouraging  high  level  of  adolescent  PA,  maintenance  of  higher  levels  of  PA  in  adulthood  should  be  of  equal  importance  to  gain  the  largest  benefit  from  PA  throughout  lifetime  on  BC  risk  reduction.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0128.
■650  4▼aBiostatistics.
■650  4▼aEpidemiology.
■650  4▼aBioinformatics.
■650  4▼aOncology.
■653    ▼aPropensity  Score
■653    ▼aRandomization
■653    ▼aBreast  cancer
■653    ▼aAverage  treatment  effect
■653    ▼aPhysical  activity
■653    ▼aPWHS
■690    ▼a0308
■690    ▼a0766
■690    ▼a0715
■690    ▼a0992
■71020▼aMichigan  State  University▼bBiostatistics  -  Doctor  of  Philosophy.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-02B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0128
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16934763▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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