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Essays on Public and Labor Economics- [electronic resource]
Essays on Public and Labor Economics - [electronic resource]
Essays on Public and Labor Economics- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214100111
ISBN  
9798380382199
DDC  
658
저자명  
Vergara, Damian.
서명/저자  
Essays on Public and Labor Economics - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : University of California, Berkeley., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(168 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Yagan, Danny.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation studies different policies that affect labor markets and inequality. The first chapter studies whether minimum wages should be used for redistribution on top of taxes and transfers. Theoretical results show that a minimum wage can increase social welfare when it increases the average post-tax wages of low-skill labor market participants and when corporate profit incidence is large. When chosen together with taxes, the minimum wage can help the government redistribute efficiently to low-skill workers by preventing firms from capturing low-wage income subsidies and from enjoying high profits that cannot be redistributed via corporate taxes due to capital mobility. Empirically, the analysis shows that the average US state-level minimum wage reform over the last two decades increased average post-tax wages of low-skilled labor market participants and reduced corporate profits in affected industries, namely low-skill labor-intensive services. The second chapter, written jointly with Maximiliano Lauletta, empirically studies a reform to the workers' compensation system in Argentina that, after a workplace accident, mandated workers to go through a government medical commission that determines the degree of disability, whether the injury happened in the workplace, and the corresponding compensation, before additional legal actions can be taken. Leveraging the staggered implementation of the reform across provinces, the results show that the reform substantially reduced workplace lawsuits with no effects on reported accidents. Employment increased by more than 5% one year after the reform in highly exposed industries, with no effects on average earnings or the number of active firms. Finally, the third chapter empirically asks if policies and institutions matter for pre-tax income inequality. Based on an annual panel of 43 countries for the period 1980-2016, the analysis documents robust correlations between pre-tax income shares and economic policy-financial development, trade openness, government expenditure, and income taxation-even after controlling for economic development. I further find that proxies of institutional quality-e.g., state development, corruption, or political exclusion-mediate the relationship between top income shares and economic policy, in particular for trade openness and government expenditure.
일반주제명  
Finance.
일반주제명  
Public policy.
키워드  
Inequality
키워드  
Labor markets
키워드  
Capital mobility
키워드  
Workplace lawsuits
키워드  
Economic development
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-03A.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■020    ▼a9798380382199
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30421525
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a658
■1001  ▼aVergara,  Damian.
■24510▼aEssays  on  Public  and  Labor  Economics▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(168  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-03,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Yagan,  Danny.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  studies  different  policies  that  affect  labor  markets  and  inequality.  The  first  chapter  studies  whether  minimum  wages  should  be  used  for  redistribution  on  top  of  taxes  and  transfers.  Theoretical  results  show  that  a  minimum  wage  can  increase  social  welfare  when  it  increases  the  average  post-tax  wages  of  low-skill  labor  market  participants  and  when  corporate  profit  incidence  is  large.  When  chosen  together  with  taxes,  the  minimum  wage  can  help  the  government  redistribute  efficiently  to  low-skill  workers  by  preventing  firms  from  capturing  low-wage  income  subsidies  and  from  enjoying  high  profits  that  cannot  be  redistributed  via  corporate  taxes  due  to  capital  mobility.  Empirically,  the  analysis  shows  that  the  average  US  state-level  minimum  wage  reform  over  the  last  two  decades  increased  average  post-tax  wages  of  low-skilled  labor  market  participants  and  reduced  corporate  profits  in  affected  industries,  namely  low-skill  labor-intensive  services.  The  second  chapter,  written  jointly  with  Maximiliano  Lauletta,  empirically  studies  a  reform  to  the  workers'  compensation  system  in  Argentina  that,  after  a  workplace  accident,  mandated  workers  to  go  through  a  government  medical  commission  that  determines  the  degree  of  disability,  whether  the  injury  happened  in  the  workplace,  and  the  corresponding  compensation,  before  additional  legal  actions  can  be  taken.  Leveraging  the  staggered  implementation  of  the  reform  across  provinces,  the  results  show  that  the  reform  substantially  reduced  workplace  lawsuits  with  no  effects  on  reported  accidents.  Employment  increased  by  more  than  5%  one  year  after  the  reform  in  highly  exposed  industries,  with  no  effects  on  average  earnings  or  the  number  of  active  firms.  Finally,  the  third  chapter  empirically  asks  if  policies  and  institutions  matter  for  pre-tax  income  inequality.  Based  on  an  annual  panel  of  43  countries  for  the  period  1980-2016,  the  analysis  documents  robust  correlations  between  pre-tax  income  shares  and  economic  policy-financial  development,  trade  openness,  government  expenditure,  and  income  taxation-even  after  controlling  for  economic  development.  I  further  find  that  proxies  of  institutional  quality-e.g.,  state  development,  corruption,  or  political  exclusion-mediate  the  relationship  between  top  income  shares  and  economic  policy,  in  particular  for  trade  openness  and  government  expenditure.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aFinance.
■650  4▼aPublic  policy.
■653    ▼aInequality
■653    ▼aLabor  markets
■653    ▼aCapital  mobility
■653    ▼aWorkplace  lawsuits
■653    ▼aEconomic  development
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0510
■690    ▼a0630
■690    ▼a0508
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bEconomics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-03A.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16931739▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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