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Elucidating Mechanisms of Archaeal Adaptation to Changing Environments Through Cell Shape and Biofilm Studies- [electronic resource]
Elucidating Mechanisms of Archaeal Adaptation to Changing Environments Through Cell Shape and Biofilm Studies- [electronic resource]
Detailed Information
- 자료유형
- 학위논문파일 국외
- 최종처리일시
- 20240214100125
- ISBN
- 9798379755942
- DDC
- 576
- 서명/저자
- Elucidating Mechanisms of Archaeal Adaptation to Changing Environments Through Cell Shape and Biofilm Studies - [electronic resource]
- 발행사항
- [S.l.]: : University of Pennsylvania., 2023
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
- 형태사항
- 1 online resource(303 p.)
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Pohlschroder, Mechthild.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 2023.
- 사용제한주기
- This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Microorganisms encounter diverse environments, whether favorable or hostile. Responding appropriately to such dynamic environments is crucial to ensure cell survival, including cells of species within the domain Archaea. Archaea, while considered prokaryotes like bacteria, are closely related evolutionarily to eukaryotes, and their ubiquity in the environment and as part of the human microbiome poses them as crucial players in various microbial processes. Yet, comparatively little is known about archaea and the ways in which they respond to their environments. Examples of such responses include cell-shape transition and biofilm formation, both of which can be observed in the model archaeon Haloferax volcanii. Hfx. volcanii can form elongated rods in early-log growth phase and when swimming, while irregularly shaped disks occur in mid- and late-log growth phases and are hypothesized to be important for nutrient uptake and surface adhesion. However, few components are known to be important for shape, and the functions of shape are not well-studied. In addition to morphological transitions, planktonic Hfx. volcanii can transition into two types of biofilms: surface-attached and immersed liquid biofilms. Some proteins important for static surface-attached biofilms have been elucidated, but assessment of these biofilms under shear-force conditions is lacking; conversely, the proteins important for immersed liquid biofilms have not been identified. In this work, I identified and characterized regulatory and cytoskeletal components important for cell shape, including a novel actin homolog. I also reported phenotypic differences in surface-attached biofilms formed under static versus shear-force conditions and determined that the components required for immersed liquid biofilms are completely distinct from those of surface-attached biofilms. Lastly, I began to assess the function of cell shape in the context of biofilms through identifying the shape of cells within wild-type biofilms and proposing a model for adhesion and biofilm formation on the basis of shape. Insights into these processes allow us to gain a more comprehensive understanding of cell biological processes within archaea as well as potentially uncover similar mechanisms of regulation in bacteria and eukaryotes.
- 일반주제명
- Microbiology.
- 일반주제명
- Cellular biology.
- 일반주제명
- Biochemistry.
- 키워드
- Archaea
- 키워드
- Biofilms
- 키워드
- Cell shape
- 기타저자
- University of Pennsylvania Biology
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 84-12B.
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertation Abstract International
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798379755942
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30425067
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a576
■1001 ▼aSchiller, Heather.
■24510▼aElucidating Mechanisms of Archaeal Adaptation to Changing Environments Through Cell Shape and Biofilm Studies▼h[electronic resource]
■260 ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity of Pennsylvania. ▼c2023
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor :▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses, ▼c2023
■300 ▼a1 online resource(303 p.)
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Pohlschroder, Mechthild.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 2023.
■506 ▼aThis item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
■520 ▼aMicroorganisms encounter diverse environments, whether favorable or hostile. Responding appropriately to such dynamic environments is crucial to ensure cell survival, including cells of species within the domain Archaea. Archaea, while considered prokaryotes like bacteria, are closely related evolutionarily to eukaryotes, and their ubiquity in the environment and as part of the human microbiome poses them as crucial players in various microbial processes. Yet, comparatively little is known about archaea and the ways in which they respond to their environments. Examples of such responses include cell-shape transition and biofilm formation, both of which can be observed in the model archaeon Haloferax volcanii. Hfx. volcanii can form elongated rods in early-log growth phase and when swimming, while irregularly shaped disks occur in mid- and late-log growth phases and are hypothesized to be important for nutrient uptake and surface adhesion. However, few components are known to be important for shape, and the functions of shape are not well-studied. In addition to morphological transitions, planktonic Hfx. volcanii can transition into two types of biofilms: surface-attached and immersed liquid biofilms. Some proteins important for static surface-attached biofilms have been elucidated, but assessment of these biofilms under shear-force conditions is lacking; conversely, the proteins important for immersed liquid biofilms have not been identified. In this work, I identified and characterized regulatory and cytoskeletal components important for cell shape, including a novel actin homolog. I also reported phenotypic differences in surface-attached biofilms formed under static versus shear-force conditions and determined that the components required for immersed liquid biofilms are completely distinct from those of surface-attached biofilms. Lastly, I began to assess the function of cell shape in the context of biofilms through identifying the shape of cells within wild-type biofilms and proposing a model for adhesion and biofilm formation on the basis of shape. Insights into these processes allow us to gain a more comprehensive understanding of cell biological processes within archaea as well as potentially uncover similar mechanisms of regulation in bacteria and eukaryotes.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0175.
■650 4▼aMicrobiology.
■650 4▼aCellular biology.
■650 4▼aBiochemistry.
■653 ▼aArchaea
■653 ▼aBiofilms
■653 ▼aCell shape
■653 ▼aHaloferax volcanii
■690 ▼a0410
■690 ▼a0379
■690 ▼a0487
■71020▼aUniversity of Pennsylvania▼bBiology.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g84-12B.
■773 ▼tDissertation Abstract International
■790 ▼a0175
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2023
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16931835▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
■980 ▼a202402▼f2024
