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Advancing NMR for Food Analysis and Authentication: Olive Oil, Avocado Oil and Table Olives as Case Studies- [electronic resource]
Advancing NMR for Food Analysis and Authentication: Olive Oil, Avocado Oil and Table Olive...
Advancing NMR for Food Analysis and Authentication: Olive Oil, Avocado Oil and Table Olives as Case Studies- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101943
ISBN  
9798380370400
DDC  
641
저자명  
Tang, Fenfen.
서명/저자  
Advancing NMR for Food Analysis and Authentication: Olive Oil, Avocado Oil and Table Olives as Case Studies - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : The Ohio State University., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(209 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Hatzakis, Emmanuel.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Ohio State University, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
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초록/해제  
요약Food fraud is a serious old issue that not only causes economic loss, but also has potential risks on consumers' health and safety. Food fraud incidents can also damage food industry and lead to drops in retail sales and stock prices. The increased international trade and complexities in the global supply chain have increased the risk of food fraud. Various actions have been made by government agencies, law enforcement and global initiatives to control food fraud. In addition, a variety of analytical methods have been developed and applied to ensure food quality and authenticity, such as molecular biology methods, chromatography methods, spectroscopic methods and isotopic/elemental methods. However, they all have their own limitations and with adulteration methods evolving to be more innovative and sophisticated, advanced and powerful analytical methods are needed to stay one step ahead. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR) is a versatile technology added to the food analysis and evaluation toolbox and can be complementary to other traditionally used methods. It has many advantages. It has high reproducibility and high-throughput, and provides quantitative results and information at molecular level. Besides, it requires minimum to no sample preparation and can be non-destructive under certain conditions. Furthermore, NMR-based untargeted analysis, which involves the combination of NMR with chemometrics, allows more diverse applications in food science. Despite its strengths, NMR is still an underutilized tool in food industry due to several limitations such as the high cost for initial purchasing and maintenance of the instrumentation, the severe peak overlapping, especially for 1D 1H spectra, and the time-consuming spectral processing that also may introduce external variances. Innovative NMR techniques or tools that have been developed in the past decade, have the potential to address these limitations. For example, the benchtop low-field NMR spectroscopy instruments are more affordable, and their functions and performance have been significantly improved. In addition, alternative approaches, such as tools for Bayesian analysis, are now available to extract important spectral parameters from the time domain raw NMR data, instead of using the conventional Fourier transformation, without spectral pre-processing steps such as phase and baseline corrections. In this research, olive oil, avocado oil and table olives have been used as case studies, to assess the potential of those traditional and innovative NMR analysis approaches. The selected food products have high nutritional and commercial values, while often become subject of adulteration. Specific cultivars are usually used for table olive and olive oil production because it is one of the most important factors that determines the composition, flavor, and nutritional value of final products. Thus, the authenticity of cultivar is of great interest and importance. Varietal origin is less of a concern for avocado oil due to the facts that it is often produced from avocados rejected from fresh food trade, and 'Hass' cultivar accounts for 80% of cultivated avocados globally. However, there are reports of avocado oil being adulterated by cheaper edible oils. To summarize, the overall objective of my dissertation was to evaluate NMR spectroscopy and innovative NMR technologies as tools for food analysis and authentication using targeted and untargeted approaches. The specific aims were: 1) To determine the fatty acid composition in olive oil using high-field NMR, differentiate olive cultivars using an untargeted NMR approach and compare the results with those obtained by GC-FID and UHPC-CAD. 2) To determine the fatty acid composition in avocado oils and differentiate avocado oils from other vegetable oils using high-field and low-field NMR. 3) To use NMR combined with Bayesian analysis through CRAFT to differentiate cultivars of table olive fruits, and compare the performance with the conventional Fourier transformation approach. The results showed that high-field NMR is an efficient tool for determining fatty acid composition in olive oil, whereas NMR combined with statistical analysis successfully differentiated between four olive oil cultivars. Although there was a good separation between Koroneiki, Arbosana and Arbequina/Sikitita, the differentiation between Sikitita and Arbequina was more challenging. This could be related to the fact that Sikitita is a hybrid between Picual and Arbequina. High-field NMR allowed the rapid identification of various compounds or classes of compounds in avocado oil and successfully distinguished avocado oil from high oleic sunflower oil, high oleic safflower oil, canola and soybean oils. Despite the relatively harder differentiation between avocado oil and olive oil due to similar fatty acid composition, pairwise classification model still allowed good separation between them. Low-field NMR demonstrated its potential for the fatty acid compositional analysis of avocado oil and showed good performance in the differentiation from other vegetable oils. However, it did have challenges with the identification of minor compounds and the differentiation between avocado oil and olive oil due to its limited resolution and sensitivity. Lastly, NMR combined with Bayesian analysis through CRAFT and chemometrics successfully classified four table olive cultivars, namely Manzanilla, Sevillano, Hojiblanca, and Gordal, and it had equivalent or even better performance compared to conventional Fourier transformation-based untargeted analysis. In conclusion, NMR spectroscopy is an efficient tool for the analysis and authentication of olive oil, avocado oil and table olives, and novel NMR approaches can be used to overcome several NMR limitations such as high cost, laborious data analysis and spectral overlapping. This research is setting an example of NMR as a useful tool for food analysis and combatting food fraud issues.
일반주제명  
Food science.
일반주제명  
Molecular biology.
일반주제명  
Nutrition.
키워드  
Food fraud
키워드  
Food industry
키워드  
Consumer health
키워드  
Consumer safety
키워드  
Global supply chain
기타저자  
The Ohio State University Food Science and Technology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-03B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aTang,  Fenfen.
■24510▼aAdvancing  NMR  for  Food  Analysis  and  Authentication:  Olive  Oil,  Avocado  Oil  and  Table  Olives  as  Case  Studies▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bThe  Ohio  State  University.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(209  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Hatzakis,  Emmanuel.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  Ohio  State  University,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  added  to  any  third  party  search  indexes.
■520    ▼aFood  fraud  is  a  serious  old  issue  that  not  only  causes  economic  loss,  but  also  has  potential  risks  on  consumers'  health  and  safety.  Food  fraud  incidents  can  also  damage  food  industry  and  lead  to  drops  in  retail  sales  and  stock  prices.  The  increased  international  trade  and  complexities  in  the  global  supply  chain  have  increased  the  risk  of  food  fraud.  Various  actions  have  been  made  by  government  agencies,  law  enforcement  and  global  initiatives  to  control  food  fraud.  In  addition,  a  variety  of  analytical  methods  have  been  developed  and  applied  to  ensure  food  quality  and  authenticity,  such  as  molecular  biology  methods,  chromatography  methods,  spectroscopic  methods  and  isotopic/elemental  methods.  However,  they  all  have  their  own  limitations  and  with  adulteration  methods  evolving  to  be  more  innovative  and  sophisticated,  advanced  and  powerful  analytical  methods  are  needed  to  stay  one  step  ahead.  Nuclear  Magnetic  Resonance  spectroscopy  (NMR)  is  a  versatile  technology  added  to  the  food  analysis  and  evaluation  toolbox  and  can  be  complementary  to  other  traditionally  used  methods.  It  has  many  advantages.  It  has  high  reproducibility  and  high-throughput,  and  provides  quantitative  results  and  information  at  molecular  level.  Besides,  it  requires  minimum  to  no  sample  preparation  and  can  be  non-destructive  under  certain  conditions.  Furthermore,  NMR-based  untargeted  analysis,  which  involves  the  combination  of  NMR  with  chemometrics,  allows  more  diverse  applications  in  food  science.  Despite  its  strengths, NMR  is  still  an  underutilized  tool  in  food  industry  due  to  several  limitations  such  as  the  high  cost  for  initial  purchasing  and  maintenance  of  the  instrumentation,  the  severe  peak  overlapping,  especially  for  1D  1H  spectra,  and  the  time-consuming  spectral  processing  that  also  may  introduce  external  variances.  Innovative  NMR  techniques  or  tools  that  have  been  developed  in  the  past  decade,  have  the  potential  to  address  these  limitations.  For  example,  the  benchtop  low-field  NMR  spectroscopy  instruments  are  more  affordable,  and  their  functions  and  performance  have  been  significantly  improved.  In  addition,  alternative  approaches,  such  as  tools  for  Bayesian  analysis,  are  now  available  to  extract  important  spectral  parameters  from  the  time  domain  raw  NMR  data,  instead  of  using  the  conventional  Fourier  transformation,  without  spectral  pre-processing  steps  such  as  phase  and  baseline  corrections.  In  this  research,  olive  oil,  avocado  oil  and  table  olives  have  been  used  as  case  studies,  to  assess  the  potential  of  those  traditional  and  innovative  NMR  analysis  approaches.  The  selected  food  products  have  high  nutritional  and  commercial  values,  while  often  become  subject  of  adulteration.  Specific  cultivars  are  usually  used  for  table  olive  and  olive  oil  production  because  it  is  one  of  the  most  important  factors  that  determines  the  composition,  flavor,  and  nutritional  value  of  final  products.  Thus,  the  authenticity  of  cultivar  is  of  great  interest  and  importance.  Varietal  origin  is  less  of  a  concern  for  avocado  oil  due  to  the  facts  that  it  is  often  produced  from  avocados  rejected  from  fresh  food  trade,  and  'Hass'  cultivar  accounts  for  80%  of  cultivated  avocados  globally.  However,  there  are  reports  of  avocado  oil  being  adulterated  by  cheaper  edible  oils.  To  summarize,  the  overall  objective  of  my  dissertation  was  to  evaluate  NMR  spectroscopy  and  innovative  NMR  technologies  as  tools  for  food  analysis  and  authentication  using  targeted  and  untargeted  approaches.  The  specific  aims  were:  1)  To  determine  the  fatty  acid  composition  in  olive  oil  using  high-field  NMR,  differentiate  olive  cultivars  using  an  untargeted  NMR  approach  and  compare  the  results  with  those  obtained  by  GC-FID  and  UHPC-CAD.  2)  To  determine  the  fatty  acid  composition  in  avocado  oils  and  differentiate  avocado  oils  from  other  vegetable  oils  using  high-field  and  low-field  NMR.  3)  To  use  NMR  combined  with  Bayesian  analysis  through  CRAFT  to  differentiate  cultivars  of  table  olive  fruits,  and  compare  the  performance  with  the  conventional  Fourier  transformation  approach.  The  results  showed  that  high-field  NMR  is  an  efficient  tool  for  determining  fatty  acid  composition  in  olive  oil,  whereas  NMR  combined  with  statistical  analysis  successfully  differentiated  between  four  olive  oil  cultivars.  Although  there  was  a  good  separation  between  Koroneiki,  Arbosana  and  Arbequina/Sikitita,  the  differentiation  between  Sikitita  and  Arbequina  was  more  challenging.  This  could  be  related  to  the  fact  that  Sikitita  is  a  hybrid  between  Picual  and  Arbequina.  High-field  NMR  allowed  the  rapid  identification  of  various  compounds  or  classes  of  compounds  in  avocado  oil  and  successfully  distinguished  avocado  oil  from  high  oleic  sunflower  oil,  high  oleic  safflower  oil,  canola  and  soybean  oils.  Despite  the  relatively  harder  differentiation  between  avocado  oil  and  olive  oil  due  to  similar  fatty  acid  composition,  pairwise  classification  model  still  allowed  good  separation  between  them.  Low-field  NMR  demonstrated  its  potential  for  the  fatty  acid  compositional  analysis  of  avocado  oil  and  showed  good  performance  in  the  differentiation  from  other  vegetable  oils.  However,  it  did  have  challenges  with  the  identification  of  minor  compounds  and  the  differentiation  between  avocado  oil  and  olive  oil  due  to  its  limited  resolution  and sensitivity.  Lastly,  NMR  combined  with  Bayesian  analysis  through  CRAFT  and  chemometrics  successfully  classified  four  table  olive  cultivars,  namely  Manzanilla,  Sevillano,  Hojiblanca,  and  Gordal,  and  it  had  equivalent  or  even  better  performance  compared  to  conventional  Fourier  transformation-based  untargeted  analysis.  In  conclusion,  NMR  spectroscopy  is  an  efficient  tool  for  the  analysis  and  authentication  of  olive  oil,  avocado  oil  and  table  olives,  and  novel  NMR  approaches  can  be  used  to  overcome  several  NMR  limitations  such  as  high  cost,  laborious  data  analysis  and  spectral  overlapping.  This  research  is  setting  an  example  of  NMR  as  a  useful  tool  for  food  analysis  and  combatting  food  fraud  issues.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0168.
■650  4▼aFood  science.
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology.
■650  4▼aNutrition.
■653    ▼aFood  fraud
■653    ▼aFood  industry
■653    ▼aConsumer  health
■653    ▼aConsumer  safety
■653    ▼aGlobal  supply  chain
■690    ▼a0359
■690    ▼a0307
■690    ▼a0570
■71020▼aThe  Ohio  State  University▼bFood  Science  and  Technology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-03B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0168
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16935521▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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