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Towards Understanding Treatment Effect Heterogeneity- [electronic resource]
Towards Understanding Treatment Effect Heterogeneity - [electronic resource]
Towards Understanding Treatment Effect Heterogeneity- [electronic resource]

Detailed Information

Material Type  
 단행본
 
0016932230
Date and Time of Latest Transaction  
20240214100431
ISBN  
9798380380508
DDC  
574
Author  
Wei, Linqing.
Title/Author  
Towards Understanding Treatment Effect Heterogeneity - [electronic resource]
Publish Info  
[S.l.]: : University of California, Berkeley., 2023
Publish Info  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
Material Info  
1 online resource(182 p.)
General Note  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03, Section: B.
General Note  
Advisor: Wang, Jingshen.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2023.
Restrictions on Access Note  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
Abstracts/Etc  
요약Understanding treatment effect heterogeneity has been an increasingly important task in various fields. Treatment effect heterogeneity not only adds granularity to the understanding of everyday matters, but also assists better-informed decision making on many scientific frontiers. In biomedical studies, learning treatment effect heterogeneity helps clinicians to apply personalized treatments to patient subpopulations with different genetic profiles. Instead of prescribing one drug for all, refined prescription strategies can potentially improve patients' overall welfare. In social science studies, evaluating the treatment effect heterogeneity of candidate policies provides guidance for policy makers to implement future social programs. In technology companies, understanding treatment effect heterogeneity helps decision makers to depict market segregation, so that advertisement budgets can be strategically allocated to particular consumer subpopulations among which a new product is more likely to earn profits.This dissertation provides a set of statistical methodologies for understanding treatment effect heterogeneity and is organized into three chapters with three separate aims: (1) estimating treatment effect heterogeneity, (2) confirming treatment effect heterogeneity, and (3) designing adaptive experiments toward learning treatment effect heterogeneity.Chapter 1 introduces a statistical methodology aiming to estimate treatment effect heterogeneity efficiently. We take a model-free semiparametric perspective and aim to efficiently evaluate the heterogeneous treatment effects of multiple subgroups simultaneously under the one-step targeted maximum-likelihood estimation framework. When the number of subgroups is large, we further expand this path of research by looking at a variation of the one-step TMLE that is robust to the presence of small estimated propensity scores in finite samples.Chapter 2 proposes a statistical methodology for confirming the estimated heterogeneous treatment effects. Understanding the impact of the most effective treatments on an outcome variables is crucial in various disciplines. Due to the widespread winner's curse phenomenon, conventional statistical inference assuming that the top policies are chosen independent of the random sample may lead to overly optimistic evaluations of the best policies. In addition, given the increased availability of large datasets, such an issue can be further complicated when researchers include many covariates to estimate the policy or treatment effects in an attempt to control for potential confounders. To simultaneously address the above-mentioned issues, we propose a resampling-based procedure that not only lifts the winner's curse in evaluating the best policies observed in a random sample, but also is robust to the presence of many covariates. The proposed inference procedure yields accurate point estimates and valid frequentist confidence intervals that achieve the exact nominal level as the sample size goes to infinity for multiple best policy effect sizes.Chapter 3 provides an alternative perspective of studying the treatment effect heterogeneity. While much of the existing work in this research area has focused on either analyzing observational data based on untestable causal assumptions or conducting post hoc analyses of existing randomized controlled trial data, little work has gone into designing randomized experiments specifically for uncovering treatment effect heterogeneity. In this chapter, we develop a unified adaptive experimental design framework towards better learning treatment effect heterogeneity by efficiently identifying subgroups with enhanced treatment effects from a frequentist viewpoint. The adaptive nature of our framework allows practitioners to sequentially allocate experimental efforts adapting to the accrued evidence during the experiment. The resulting design framework can not only complement A/B tests in e-commerce but also unify enrichment designs and response adaptive randomization designs in clinical settings. Our theoretical investigations illustrate the trade-offs between complete randomization and our adaptive experimental algorithms.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Biostatistics.
Subject Added Entry-Topical Term  
Health sciences.
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Heterogeneity
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Treatment
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Genetic profiles
Index Term-Uncontrolled  
Experimental algorithms
Added Entry-Corporate Name  
University of California, Berkeley Biostatistics
Host Item Entry  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-03B.
Host Item Entry  
Dissertation Abstract International
Electronic Location and Access  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
소장사항  
202402 2024

MARC

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■1001  ▼aWei,  Linqing.
■24510▼aTowards  Understanding  Treatment  Effect  Heterogeneity▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(182  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Wang,  Jingshen.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aUnderstanding  treatment  effect  heterogeneity  has  been  an  increasingly  important  task  in  various  fields.  Treatment  effect  heterogeneity  not  only  adds  granularity  to  the  understanding  of  everyday  matters,  but  also  assists  better-informed  decision  making  on  many  scientific  frontiers.  In  biomedical  studies,  learning  treatment  effect  heterogeneity  helps  clinicians  to  apply  personalized  treatments  to  patient  subpopulations  with  different  genetic  profiles.  Instead  of  prescribing  one  drug  for  all,  refined  prescription  strategies  can  potentially  improve  patients'  overall  welfare.  In  social  science  studies,  evaluating  the  treatment  effect  heterogeneity  of  candidate  policies  provides  guidance  for  policy  makers  to  implement  future  social  programs.  In  technology  companies,  understanding  treatment  effect  heterogeneity  helps  decision  makers  to  depict  market  segregation,  so  that  advertisement  budgets  can  be  strategically  allocated  to  particular  consumer  subpopulations  among  which  a  new  product  is  more  likely  to  earn  profits.This  dissertation  provides  a  set  of  statistical  methodologies  for  understanding  treatment  effect  heterogeneity  and  is  organized  into  three  chapters  with  three  separate  aims:  (1)  estimating  treatment  effect  heterogeneity,  (2)  confirming  treatment  effect  heterogeneity,  and  (3)  designing  adaptive  experiments  toward  learning  treatment  effect  heterogeneity.Chapter  1  introduces  a  statistical  methodology  aiming  to  estimate  treatment  effect  heterogeneity  efficiently.  We  take  a  model-free  semiparametric  perspective  and  aim  to  efficiently  evaluate  the  heterogeneous  treatment  effects  of  multiple  subgroups  simultaneously  under  the  one-step  targeted  maximum-likelihood  estimation  framework.  When  the  number  of  subgroups  is  large,  we  further  expand  this  path  of  research  by  looking  at  a  variation  of  the  one-step  TMLE  that  is  robust  to  the  presence  of  small  estimated  propensity  scores  in  finite  samples.Chapter  2  proposes  a  statistical  methodology  for  confirming  the  estimated  heterogeneous  treatment  effects.  Understanding  the  impact  of  the  most  effective  treatments  on  an  outcome  variables  is  crucial  in  various  disciplines.  Due  to  the  widespread  winner's  curse  phenomenon,  conventional  statistical  inference  assuming  that  the  top  policies  are  chosen  independent  of  the  random  sample  may  lead  to  overly  optimistic  evaluations  of  the  best  policies.  In  addition,  given  the  increased  availability  of  large  datasets,  such  an  issue  can  be  further  complicated  when  researchers  include  many  covariates  to  estimate  the  policy  or  treatment  effects  in  an  attempt  to  control  for  potential  confounders.  To  simultaneously  address  the  above-mentioned  issues,  we  propose  a  resampling-based  procedure  that  not  only  lifts  the  winner's  curse  in  evaluating  the  best  policies  observed  in  a  random  sample,  but  also  is  robust  to  the  presence  of  many  covariates.  The  proposed  inference  procedure  yields  accurate  point  estimates  and  valid  frequentist  confidence  intervals  that  achieve  the  exact  nominal  level  as  the  sample  size  goes  to  infinity  for  multiple  best  policy  effect  sizes.Chapter  3  provides  an  alternative  perspective  of  studying  the  treatment  effect  heterogeneity.  While  much  of  the  existing  work  in  this  research  area  has  focused  on  either  analyzing  observational  data  based  on  untestable  causal  assumptions  or  conducting  post  hoc  analyses  of  existing  randomized  controlled  trial  data,  little  work  has  gone  into  designing  randomized  experiments  specifically  for  uncovering  treatment  effect  heterogeneity.  In  this  chapter,  we  develop  a  unified  adaptive  experimental  design  framework  towards  better  learning  treatment  effect  heterogeneity  by  efficiently  identifying  subgroups  with  enhanced  treatment  effects  from  a  frequentist  viewpoint.  The  adaptive  nature  of  our  framework  allows  practitioners  to  sequentially  allocate  experimental  efforts  adapting  to  the  accrued  evidence  during  the  experiment.  The  resulting  design  framework  can  not  only  complement  A/B  tests  in  e-commerce  but  also  unify  enrichment  designs  and  response  adaptive  randomization  designs  in  clinical  settings.  Our  theoretical  investigations  illustrate  the  trade-offs  between  complete  randomization  and  our  adaptive  experimental  algorithms.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aBiostatistics.
■650  4▼aHealth  sciences.
■653    ▼aHeterogeneity
■653    ▼aTreatment
■653    ▼aGenetic  profiles
■653    ▼aExperimental  algorithms
■690    ▼a0308
■690    ▼a0566
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bBiostatistics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-03B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16932230▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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