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Topological Aspects of Gapped and Gapless Quantum Matter- [electronic resource]
Topological Aspects of Gapped and Gapless Quantum Matter - [electronic resource]
Topological Aspects of Gapped and Gapless Quantum Matter- [electronic resource]

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101507
ISBN  
9798380389471
DDC  
530
저자명  
Tam, Pok Man.
서명/저자  
Topological Aspects of Gapped and Gapless Quantum Matter - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : University of Pennsylvania., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(271 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Kane, Charles L.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Quantum phases of matter can be classified into two kinds: gapped or gapless, depending on whether the equilibrium ground state is separated from excited states by a finite energy window or not in the thermodynamic limit. Topology has played an important role in the understanding of both gapped and gapless phases of matter. This thesis uncovers several robust physical properties of both kinds of systems which are largely unexplored before. For gapped systems, we study topological orders, which are characterized by the existence of anyonic quasiparticles with fractional braiding statistics. In the first part, we introduce a family of Abelian quantum Hall insulators, at filling factors ν = p/2q for bosonic systems and ν = p/(p + 2q) for fermionic systems, with p and q being two coprime integers. These states are termed the nondiagonal quantum Hall states, which are constructed in a coupled wire model that exhibits an intimate relation to the nondiagonal conformal field theory and has a constrained pattern of motion for anyons. We unveil a nontrivial interplay between charge symmetry and translation symmetry in this system, and establish the nondiagonal quantum Hall states as symmetry-enriched topological orders. In the second part, we introduce a related model of interacting electrons, but in the absence of a strong quantizing magnetic field, known as the toric code insulator. It is constructed from a two-dimensional array of strongly coupled one-dimensional topological superconductors, which feature electron fractionalization and possesses anyonic excitations described by the Z2 topological order. The motion of anyons is again constrained, and different types of anyons can be related by the translation symmetry. Nondiagonal quantum Hall states and the toric code insulator are convincing examples that itinerant electronic systems can realize interesting symmetry-enriched topological orders. For gapless quantum matters we focus on a particularly familiar class, the metals, but we uncover their topological aspects which were much less appreciated. Every metal is characterized by a Fermi surface of gapless excitations, and the Fermi surface surrounds a manifold in the momentum space, known as the Fermi sea. The ground state of a non-interacting metal, or a Fermi gas, consists of all single-electron states within the Fermi sea. The shape of the Fermi sea has a natural topological characterization in terms of the Euler characteristic χF , and a fundamental question that we address in this thesis is: does χF imply any robust physical properties in metals, and how can they be measured? In the third part of the thesis, χF is connected to physically measurable quantities, such as equal-time density-density correlation functions, and multipartite entanglement measures, such as the mutual information. Particularly, for three dimensions, we establish that the 4-partite mutual information is a robust probe of the Fermi sea topology even in the presence of Fermi-liquid interactions. In the last part, we focus on two dimensions, and propose an experimentally accessible platform to probe χF for any two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) that respects time-reversal symmetry. The proposed experimental setup is a Josephson π-junction, and we predict that the electrical transport in the direction along the junction exhibits a current-rectification effect that is controlled by the underlying Fermi sea topology. Due to the relation to Andreev state transport, we term this effect topological Andreev rectification. The size of rectification is quantified by a nonlocal rectified conductance, which is established to attain an integer quantized value that equals χF (in unit of e 2/h). Extensive numerical simulations are performed to support our theoretical proposal, and material platforms such as InAs heterostructures and graphene are identified as promising candidates to demonstrate this effect.
일반주제명  
Physics.
일반주제명  
Condensed matter physics.
일반주제명  
Quantum physics.
일반주제명  
Physical chemistry.
키워드  
Andreev bound state
키워드  
Anyon
키워드  
Fermi sea topology
키워드  
Quantum entanglement
키워드  
Quantum transport
키워드  
Topological order
기타저자  
University of Pennsylvania Physics and Astronomy
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-03B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■020    ▼a9798380389471
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■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
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■1001  ▼aTam,  Pok  Man.
■24510▼aTopological  Aspects  of  Gapped  and  Gapless  Quantum  Matter▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity  of  Pennsylvania.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(271  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Kane,  Charles  L.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Pennsylvania,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aQuantum  phases  of  matter  can  be  classified  into  two  kinds:  gapped  or  gapless,  depending  on  whether  the  equilibrium  ground  state  is  separated  from  excited  states  by  a  finite  energy  window  or  not  in  the  thermodynamic  limit.  Topology  has  played  an  important  role  in  the  understanding  of  both  gapped  and  gapless  phases  of  matter.  This  thesis  uncovers  several  robust  physical  properties  of  both  kinds  of  systems  which  are  largely  unexplored  before. For  gapped  systems,  we  study  topological  orders,  which  are  characterized  by  the  existence  of  anyonic  quasiparticles  with  fractional  braiding  statistics.  In  the  first  part,  we  introduce  a  family  of  Abelian  quantum  Hall  insulators,  at  filling  factors  ν  =  p/2q  for  bosonic  systems  and  ν  =  p/(p  +  2q)  for  fermionic  systems,  with  p  and  q  being  two  coprime  integers.  These  states  are  termed  the  nondiagonal  quantum  Hall  states,  which  are  constructed  in  a  coupled  wire  model  that  exhibits  an  intimate  relation  to  the  nondiagonal  conformal  field  theory  and  has  a  constrained  pattern  of  motion  for  anyons.  We  unveil  a  nontrivial  interplay  between  charge  symmetry  and  translation  symmetry  in  this  system,  and  establish  the  nondiagonal  quantum  Hall  states  as  symmetry-enriched  topological  orders.  In  the  second  part,  we  introduce  a  related  model  of  interacting  electrons,  but  in  the  absence  of  a  strong  quantizing  magnetic  field,  known  as  the  toric  code  insulator.  It  is  constructed  from  a  two-dimensional  array  of  strongly  coupled  one-dimensional  topological  superconductors,  which  feature  electron  fractionalization  and  possesses  anyonic  excitations  described  by  the  Z2  topological  order.  The  motion  of  anyons  is  again  constrained,  and  different  types  of  anyons  can  be  related  by  the  translation  symmetry.  Nondiagonal  quantum  Hall  states  and  the  toric  code  insulator  are  convincing  examples  that  itinerant  electronic  systems  can  realize  interesting  symmetry-enriched  topological  orders. For  gapless  quantum  matters  we  focus  on  a  particularly  familiar  class,  the  metals,  but  we  uncover  their  topological  aspects  which  were  much  less  appreciated.  Every  metal  is  characterized  by  a  Fermi  surface  of  gapless  excitations,  and  the  Fermi  surface  surrounds  a  manifold  in  the  momentum  space,  known  as  the  Fermi  sea.  The  ground  state  of  a  non-interacting  metal,  or  a  Fermi  gas,  consists  of  all  single-electron  states  within  the  Fermi  sea.  The  shape  of  the  Fermi  sea  has  a  natural  topological  characterization  in  terms  of  the  Euler  characteristic  χF  ,  and  a  fundamental  question  that  we  address  in  this  thesis  is:  does  χF  imply  any  robust  physical  properties  in  metals,  and  how  can  they  be  measured?  In  the  third  part  of  the  thesis,  χF  is  connected  to  physically  measurable  quantities,  such  as  equal-time  density-density  correlation  functions,  and  multipartite  entanglement  measures,  such  as  the  mutual  information.  Particularly,  for  three  dimensions,  we  establish  that  the  4-partite  mutual  information  is  a  robust  probe  of  the  Fermi  sea  topology  even  in  the  presence  of  Fermi-liquid  interactions.  In  the  last  part,  we  focus  on  two  dimensions,  and  propose  an  experimentally  accessible  platform  to  probe  χF  for  any  two-dimensional  electron  gas  (2DEG)  that  respects  time-reversal  symmetry.  The  proposed  experimental  setup  is  a  Josephson  π-junction,  and  we  predict  that  the  electrical  transport  in  the  direction  along  the  junction  exhibits  a  current-rectification  effect  that  is  controlled  by  the  underlying  Fermi  sea  topology.  Due  to  the  relation  to  Andreev  state  transport,  we  term  this  effect  topological  Andreev  rectification.  The  size  of  rectification  is  quantified  by  a  nonlocal  rectified  conductance,  which  is  established  to  attain  an  integer  quantized  value  that  equals  χF  (in  unit  of  e  2/h).  Extensive  numerical  simulations  are  performed  to  support  our  theoretical  proposal,  and  material  platforms  such  as  InAs  heterostructures  and  graphene  are  identified  as  promising  candidates  to  demonstrate  this  effect.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0175.
■650  4▼aPhysics.
■650  4▼aCondensed  matter  physics.
■650  4▼aQuantum  physics.
■650  4▼aPhysical  chemistry.
■653    ▼aAndreev  bound  state
■653    ▼aAnyon
■653    ▼aFermi  sea  topology
■653    ▼aQuantum  entanglement
■653    ▼aQuantum  transport
■653    ▼aTopological  order
■690    ▼a0605
■690    ▼a0611
■690    ▼a0599
■690    ▼a0494
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Pennsylvania▼bPhysics  and  Astronomy.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-03B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0175
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16933927▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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