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Essays on Learning in Economic Theory- [electronic resource]
Essays on Learning in Economic Theory - [electronic resource]
Essays on Learning in Economic Theory- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214100113
ISBN  
9798379751098
DDC  
310
저자명  
Ba, Cuimin.
서명/저자  
Essays on Learning in Economic Theory - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : University of Pennsylvania., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(150 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Mailath, George J.;Bohren, J. Aislinn.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation studies the consequences and the foundations of learning with misspecified models. Chapter 1 studies the long-term interaction between two overconfident agents who choose how much effort to exert while learning about their environment. Overconfidence causes agents to underestimate either a common fundamental, such as the underlying quality of their project, or their counterpart's ability, to justify their worse-than-expected performance. We show that in many settings, agents create informational externalities for each other. When informational externalities are positive, the agents' learning processes are mutually-reinforcing: one agent best responding to his own overconfidence causes the other agent to reach a more distorted belief and take more extreme actions, generating a positive feedback loop. The opposite pattern, mutually-limiting learning, arises when informational externalities are negative. We also show that in our multi-agent environment overconfidence can lead to Pareto improvement in welfare. Finally, we prove that under certain conditions, agents' beliefs and effort choices converge to a Berk-Nash equilibrium.Chapter 2 studies which misspecified models are likely to persist when individuals also entertain alternative models. Consider an agent who uses her model to learn the relationship between action choices and outcomes. The agent exhibits sticky model switching, captured by a threshold rule such that she switches to an alternative model when it is a sufficiently better fit for the data she observes. The main result provides a characterization of whether a model persists based on two key features that are straightforward to derive from the primitives of the learning environment, namely, the model's asymptotic accuracy in predicting the equilibrium pattern of observed outcomes and the `tightness' of the prior around this equilibrium. I show that misspecified models can be robust in that they persist against a wide range of competing models---including the correct model---despite individuals observing an infinite amount of data. Moreover, simple misspecified models with entrenched priors can be even more robust than correctly specified models. I use this characterization to provide a learning foundation for the persistence of systemic biases in two applications.
일반주제명  
Statistics.
키워드  
Berk-Nash equilibrium
키워드  
Misspecified learning
키워드  
Model switching
키워드  
Overconfidence
키워드  
Self-confirming equilibrium
기타저자  
University of Pennsylvania Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 84-12B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a310
■1001  ▼aBa,  Cuimin.
■24510▼aEssays  on  Learning  in  Economic  Theory▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity  of  Pennsylvania.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(150  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  84-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Mailath,  George  J.;Bohren,  J.  Aislinn.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Pennsylvania,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  studies  the  consequences  and  the  foundations  of  learning  with  misspecified  models.  Chapter  1  studies  the  long-term  interaction  between  two  overconfident  agents  who  choose  how  much  effort  to  exert  while  learning  about  their  environment.  Overconfidence  causes  agents  to  underestimate  either  a  common  fundamental,  such  as  the  underlying  quality  of  their  project,  or  their  counterpart's  ability,  to  justify  their  worse-than-expected  performance.  We  show  that  in  many  settings,  agents  create  informational  externalities  for  each  other.  When  informational  externalities  are  positive,  the  agents'  learning  processes  are  mutually-reinforcing:  one  agent  best  responding  to  his  own  overconfidence  causes  the  other  agent  to  reach  a  more  distorted  belief  and  take  more  extreme  actions,  generating  a  positive  feedback  loop.  The  opposite  pattern,  mutually-limiting  learning,  arises  when  informational  externalities  are  negative.  We  also  show  that  in  our  multi-agent  environment  overconfidence  can  lead  to  Pareto  improvement  in  welfare.  Finally,  we  prove  that  under  certain  conditions,  agents'  beliefs  and  effort  choices  converge  to  a  Berk-Nash  equilibrium.Chapter  2  studies  which  misspecified  models  are  likely  to  persist  when  individuals  also  entertain  alternative  models.  Consider  an  agent  who  uses  her  model  to  learn  the  relationship  between  action  choices  and  outcomes.  The  agent  exhibits  sticky  model  switching,  captured  by  a  threshold  rule  such  that  she  switches  to  an  alternative  model  when  it  is  a  sufficiently  better  fit  for  the  data  she  observes.  The  main  result  provides  a  characterization  of  whether  a  model  persists  based  on  two  key  features  that  are  straightforward  to  derive  from  the  primitives  of  the  learning  environment,  namely,  the  model's  asymptotic  accuracy  in  predicting  the  equilibrium  pattern  of  observed  outcomes  and  the  `tightness'  of  the  prior  around  this  equilibrium.  I  show  that  misspecified  models  can  be  robust  in  that  they  persist  against  a  wide  range  of  competing  models---including  the  correct  model---despite  individuals  observing  an  infinite  amount  of  data.  Moreover,  simple  misspecified  models  with  entrenched  priors  can  be  even  more  robust  than  correctly  specified  models.  I  use  this  characterization  to  provide  a  learning  foundation  for  the  persistence  of  systemic  biases  in  two  applications.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0175.
■650  4▼aStatistics.
■653    ▼aBerk-Nash  equilibrium
■653    ▼aMisspecified  learning
■653    ▼aModel  switching
■653    ▼aOverconfidence
■653    ▼aSelf-confirming  equilibrium
■690    ▼a0511
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0463
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Pennsylvania▼bEconomics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g84-12B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0175
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16931751▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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