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Essays on Industrial Organization of Banking and Finance- [electronic resource]
Essays on Industrial Organization of Banking and Finance - [electronic resource]
Essays on Industrial Organization of Banking and Finance- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101220
ISBN  
9798379905293
DDC  
658
저자명  
Dharmarajan, Vinod.
서명/저자  
Essays on Industrial Organization of Banking and Finance - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : University of Washington., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(144 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Eun, Dong-Jae.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약I explore the market structure of the Indian banking industry and its implications for designing policies. My main chapter (Chapter 2) analyses how multi-market contact between banks (measured as overlap between banks across different marketplaces) affects the market structure. I find evidence of an oligopolistic market, with a dominant bank.In Chapter 1, I measure the competition in the Indian banking industry using the Lerner index and Boone indicator. I construct a unique dataset of base rates of banks at a quarterly cadence to estimate different measures of competition in the market. Past studies have used imputed price of loans, calculated as the ratio of interest earned over total amount of loans and advances. Such an approach has its limitations when banks experience large amount of non-performing loans and advances and leads to lower imputed prices even when the actual price of loans has not decreased. I address this shortcoming by using the dataset of bank-wise quarterly base rates. I find competition is decreasing in the banking industry during the sample period whereas using imputed price of loans shows increasing competition.In Chapter 2, I empirically test for evidence for the theory of mutual forbearance or the linked oligopoly theory. The theory states that firms compete less aggressively with each other in a given market if they fear retaliation from rivals in other markets where they both operate. There are two main results in this paper: (1) I look at whether multimarket contact between banks in India due to geographic overlap of branches affects bank profitability. Using a bank-level fixed effects model for a sample of 110 unique banks between 2005-2021, I find evidence supporting the theory of mutual forbearance. (2) I use a Bresnahan-Lau structural model framework to estimate the market structure parameter for the Indian banking industry. Defining markets at the state-level and focusing on the market for credit for the same time period, I estimate these structural parameters using a simultaneous, non-linear 3SLS system of equations with instrumental variables. The estimated structural parameters indicate that the market represents one where prices (interest rates for loans) are set under joint profit maximization. I argue that rather than a monopoly market, the banking market is characterized by a dominant bank who sets the market price and the remaining banks who set prices based off the residual demand curve. This is based on the data on market share, where the largest bank has a market share of at least 16% throughout the sample period (irrespective of whether market share is measured in terms of deposits, credit, assets or number of branches). Chapter 3, explores the different determinants of access to formal finance as well as its usage at the household and individual level in India. Using a nationally representative survey data covering 2018, I find significant differences (economically and statistically) in terms of gender in access to and use of formal finance. At an individual level, I find that women are 29% less likely to have a bank account relative to men. Further, at the level of the household, households headed by females are 9% less likely to have accessed credit from a formal source relative to households headed by men. I apply Cragg's Double Hurdle model and find evidence of the gender disparity in the intensity of use of credit from formal sources. Households headed by women use 29.9% less credit from formal sources and 10.6% credit from informal sources compared to households headed by men. Existence of gender disparities in access and use of finance call for greater attention while devising policies to increase financial inclusion and avoid accentuating these disparities. Findings from the first two chapters indicate that the policy to expand branches could be counter-productive in improving financial access. Expansion of branches can increase multi-market contact, which reduces the competition in the market and can lead to higher interest rates on credit. In the third chapter, I find differences in access to and use of formal financial resources by gender, caste (social group), religion, education, and place of residence. Increasing branch networks can have the unintended effect of worsening financial access to minorities. Together, the findings call for greater attention on designing policies to address these structural issues on financial inclusion.
일반주제명  
Finance.
키워드  
India
키워드  
Industrial organization theory
키워드  
Market structure
키워드  
Boone indicator
기타저자  
University of Washington Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-01A.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aDharmarajan,  Vinod.
■24510▼aEssays  on  Industrial  Organization  of  Banking  and  Finance▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity  of  Washington.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(144  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-01,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Eun,  Dong-Jae.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Washington,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aI  explore  the  market  structure  of  the  Indian  banking  industry  and  its  implications  for  designing  policies.  My  main  chapter  (Chapter  2)  analyses  how  multi-market  contact  between  banks  (measured  as  overlap  between  banks  across  different  marketplaces)  affects  the  market  structure.  I  find  evidence  of  an  oligopolistic  market,  with  a  dominant  bank.In  Chapter  1,  I  measure  the  competition  in  the  Indian  banking  industry  using  the  Lerner  index  and  Boone  indicator.  I  construct  a  unique  dataset  of  base  rates  of  banks  at  a  quarterly  cadence  to  estimate  different  measures  of  competition  in  the  market.  Past  studies  have  used  imputed  price  of  loans,  calculated  as  the  ratio  of  interest  earned  over  total  amount  of  loans  and  advances.  Such  an  approach  has  its  limitations  when  banks  experience  large  amount  of  non-performing  loans  and  advances  and  leads  to  lower  imputed  prices  even  when  the  actual  price  of  loans  has  not  decreased.  I  address  this  shortcoming  by  using  the  dataset  of  bank-wise  quarterly  base  rates.  I  find  competition  is  decreasing  in  the  banking  industry  during  the  sample  period  whereas  using  imputed  price  of  loans  shows  increasing  competition.In  Chapter  2,  I  empirically  test  for  evidence  for  the  theory  of  mutual  forbearance  or  the  linked  oligopoly  theory.  The  theory  states  that  firms  compete  less  aggressively  with  each  other  in  a  given  market  if  they  fear  retaliation  from  rivals  in  other  markets  where  they  both  operate.  There  are  two  main  results  in  this  paper:  (1)  I  look  at  whether  multimarket  contact  between  banks  in  India  due  to  geographic  overlap  of  branches  affects  bank  profitability.  Using  a  bank-level  fixed  effects  model  for  a  sample  of  110  unique  banks  between  2005-2021,  I  find  evidence  supporting  the  theory  of  mutual  forbearance.  (2)  I  use  a  Bresnahan-Lau  structural  model  framework  to  estimate  the  market  structure  parameter  for  the  Indian  banking  industry.  Defining  markets  at  the  state-level  and  focusing  on  the  market  for  credit  for  the  same  time  period,  I  estimate  these  structural  parameters  using  a  simultaneous,  non-linear  3SLS  system  of  equations  with  instrumental  variables.  The  estimated  structural  parameters  indicate  that  the  market  represents  one  where  prices  (interest  rates  for  loans)  are  set  under  joint  profit  maximization.  I  argue  that  rather  than  a  monopoly  market,  the  banking  market  is  characterized  by  a  dominant  bank  who  sets  the  market  price  and  the  remaining  banks  who  set  prices  based  off  the  residual  demand  curve.  This  is  based  on  the  data  on  market  share,  where  the  largest  bank  has  a  market  share  of  at  least  16%  throughout  the  sample  period  (irrespective  of  whether  market  share  is  measured  in  terms  of  deposits,  credit,  assets  or  number  of  branches).  Chapter  3,  explores  the  different  determinants  of  access  to  formal  finance  as  well  as  its  usage  at  the  household  and  individual  level  in  India.  Using  a  nationally  representative  survey  data  covering  2018,  I  find  significant  differences  (economically  and  statistically)    in  terms  of  gender  in  access  to  and  use  of  formal  finance.  At  an  individual  level,  I  find  that  women  are  29%  less  likely  to  have  a  bank  account  relative  to  men.  Further,  at  the  level  of  the  household,  households  headed  by  females  are  9%  less  likely  to  have  accessed  credit  from  a  formal  source  relative  to  households  headed  by  men.  I  apply  Cragg's  Double  Hurdle  model  and  find  evidence  of  the  gender  disparity  in  the  intensity  of  use  of  credit  from  formal  sources.  Households  headed  by  women  use  29.9%  less  credit  from  formal  sources  and  10.6%  credit  from  informal  sources  compared  to  households  headed  by  men.  Existence  of  gender  disparities  in  access  and  use  of  finance  call  for  greater  attention  while  devising  policies  to  increase  financial  inclusion  and  avoid  accentuating  these  disparities.  Findings  from  the  first  two  chapters  indicate  that  the  policy  to  expand  branches  could  be  counter-productive  in  improving  financial  access.  Expansion  of  branches  can  increase  multi-market  contact,  which  reduces  the  competition  in  the  market  and  can  lead  to  higher  interest  rates  on  credit.  In  the  third  chapter,  I  find  differences  in  access  to  and  use  of  formal  financial  resources  by  gender,  caste  (social  group),  religion,  education,  and  place  of  residence.  Increasing  branch  networks  can  have  the  unintended  effect  of  worsening  financial  access  to  minorities.  Together,  the  findings  call  for  greater  attention  on  designing  policies  to  address  these  structural  issues  on  financial  inclusion.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0250.
■650  4▼aFinance.
■653    ▼aIndia
■653    ▼aIndustrial  organization  theory
■653    ▼aMarket  structure
■653    ▼aBoone  indicator
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0508
■690    ▼a0770
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Washington▼bEconomics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-01A.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0250
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16933221▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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