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Zooming in on the Chemistry of Star and Planet Formation- [electronic resource]
Zooming in on the Chemistry of Star and Planet Formation - [electronic resource]
Zooming in on the Chemistry of Star and Planet Formation- [electronic resource]

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214100435
ISBN  
9798379603830
DDC  
523
저자명  
Law, Charles John.
서명/저자  
Zooming in on the Chemistry of Star and Planet Formation - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : Harvard University., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(534 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Oberg, Karin;Zhang, Qizhou.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약The dust- and gas-rich environments of protoplanetary disks provide the raw materials needed for forming planets. The molecular gas and associated chemistry are directly tied to the resulting exoplanet architectures, including what types of planets form, their atmospheres, and potential habitability. While molecular line observations often provide the best probes of disk characteristics relevant to planet formation, such as gas surface density, ionization, temperature, and C/N/O ratios, most line observations have been limited to coarse angular resolutions. Thus, the detailed structure of the gas component in disks remains largely unexplored, especially toward the inner, planet-forming regions (100 au). To remedy this, we performed a survey of over 50 molecular lines toward five protoplanetary disks at 10 au scales as part of the Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS) ALMA Large Program. MAPS represents the most comprehensive disk chemistry survey conducted at these scales to date. Using these observations, I showed that chemical substructures in the form of rings and gaps are ubiquitous and extremely varied in their radial locations, widths, and contrasts. This suggests that planets form in diverse chemical settings across disks and at different radii within the same disk. The favorable inclinations of the MAPS disks also provided a direct view of their vertical gas distributions. In each disk, I mapped this vertical structure, from midplane to disk atmosphere, by extracting emitting heights of several CO isotopologues and used these to derive 2D gas temperatures, which are critical inputs for disk models. I then applied these techniques to extract emitting surfaces from a large sample of disks with ALMA archival data. I showed that disks exhibit a wide range of CO gas heights and since the vertical distribution of gas influences the chemical reservoirs available to nascent planets, this implies further diversity in local planet-forming environments. The planet formation process is also expected to alter the physical and chemical structure of the disk itself through local gas heating or shocks that sputter heavy atoms from dust grains, which should result in detectable chemical asymmetries. Using ALMA archival data, I also identified several chemical signatures related to ongoing planet formation in the giant-planet-hosting HD 169142 disk, including compact SO and SiS emission as well as localized 12CO and 13CO emission counterparts coincident with the location of a proposed giant planet. This is the first tentative detection of SiS emission in a protoplanetary disk and suggests that the planet is driving sufficiently strong shocks to produce gas-phase SiS. In addition to studying planet-forming disks, the high angular resolution and sensitivity of ALMA also allows us to detect the molecular gas around massive protostars. Such sources are excellent interstellar laboratories to study complex organic molecules (COMs), which are likely present, but too faint to directly detect, in disks. In the high-mass star-forming region G10.6-0.4, I found bright and highly-structured COM emission and pinpointed the location of two hot molecular cores, which are signposts of the formation of young massive stars. I derived spatially-resolved maps of rotational temperature and column density for a large sample of COMs, which revealed several intriguing spatial correlations that suggest that our current understanding of COM chemistry is far from complete.
일반주제명  
Astrophysics.
일반주제명  
Planetology.
키워드  
Astrochemistry
키워드  
Millimeter interferometry
키워드  
Planet formation
키워드  
Protoplanetary disks
키워드  
Star
기타저자  
Harvard University Astronomy
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 84-12B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30490673
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a523
■1001  ▼aLaw,  Charles  John.▼0(orcid)0000-0003-1413-1776
■24510▼aZooming  in  on  the  Chemistry  of  Star  and  Planet  Formation▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bHarvard  University.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(534  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  84-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Oberg,  Karin;Zhang,  Qizhou.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Harvard  University,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aThe  dust-  and  gas-rich  environments  of  protoplanetary  disks  provide  the  raw  materials  needed  for  forming  planets.  The  molecular  gas  and  associated  chemistry  are  directly  tied  to  the  resulting  exoplanet  architectures,  including  what  types  of  planets  form,  their  atmospheres,  and  potential  habitability.  While  molecular  line  observations  often  provide  the  best  probes  of  disk  characteristics  relevant  to  planet  formation,  such  as  gas  surface  density,  ionization,  temperature,  and  C/N/O  ratios,  most  line  observations  have  been  limited  to  coarse  angular  resolutions.  Thus,  the  detailed  structure  of  the  gas  component  in  disks  remains  largely  unexplored,  especially  toward  the  inner,  planet-forming  regions  (100  au).  To  remedy  this,  we  performed  a  survey  of  over  50  molecular  lines  toward  five  protoplanetary  disks  at  10  au  scales  as  part  of  the  Molecules  with  ALMA  at  Planet-forming  Scales  (MAPS)  ALMA  Large  Program.  MAPS  represents  the  most  comprehensive  disk  chemistry  survey  conducted  at  these  scales  to  date.  Using  these  observations,  I  showed  that  chemical  substructures  in  the  form  of  rings  and  gaps  are  ubiquitous  and  extremely  varied  in  their  radial  locations,  widths,  and  contrasts.  This  suggests  that  planets  form  in  diverse  chemical  settings  across  disks  and  at  different  radii  within  the  same  disk.  The  favorable  inclinations  of  the  MAPS  disks  also  provided  a  direct  view  of  their  vertical  gas  distributions.  In  each  disk,  I  mapped  this  vertical  structure,  from  midplane  to  disk  atmosphere,  by  extracting  emitting  heights  of  several  CO  isotopologues  and  used  these  to  derive  2D  gas  temperatures,  which  are  critical  inputs  for  disk  models.  I  then  applied  these  techniques  to  extract  emitting  surfaces  from  a  large  sample  of  disks  with  ALMA  archival  data.  I  showed  that  disks  exhibit  a  wide  range  of  CO  gas  heights  and  since  the  vertical  distribution  of  gas  influences  the  chemical  reservoirs  available  to  nascent  planets,  this  implies  further  diversity  in  local  planet-forming  environments.  The  planet  formation  process  is  also  expected  to  alter  the  physical  and  chemical  structure  of  the  disk  itself  through  local  gas  heating  or  shocks  that  sputter  heavy  atoms  from  dust  grains,  which  should  result  in  detectable  chemical  asymmetries.  Using  ALMA  archival  data,  I  also  identified  several  chemical  signatures  related  to  ongoing  planet  formation  in  the  giant-planet-hosting  HD  169142  disk,  including  compact  SO  and  SiS  emission  as  well  as  localized  12CO  and  13CO  emission  counterparts  coincident  with  the  location  of  a  proposed  giant  planet.  This  is  the  first  tentative  detection  of  SiS  emission  in  a  protoplanetary  disk  and  suggests  that  the  planet  is  driving  sufficiently  strong  shocks  to  produce  gas-phase  SiS.  In  addition  to  studying  planet-forming  disks,  the  high  angular  resolution  and  sensitivity  of  ALMA  also  allows  us  to  detect  the  molecular  gas  around  massive  protostars.  Such  sources  are  excellent  interstellar  laboratories  to  study  complex  organic  molecules  (COMs),  which  are  likely  present,  but  too  faint  to  directly  detect,  in  disks.  In  the  high-mass  star-forming  region  G10.6-0.4,  I  found  bright  and  highly-structured  COM  emission  and  pinpointed  the  location  of  two  hot  molecular  cores,  which  are  signposts  of  the  formation  of  young  massive  stars.  I  derived  spatially-resolved  maps  of  rotational  temperature  and  column  density  for  a  large  sample  of  COMs,  which  revealed  several  intriguing  spatial  correlations  that  suggest  that  our  current  understanding  of  COM  chemistry  is  far  from  complete.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0084.
■650  4▼aAstrophysics.
■650  4▼aPlanetology.
■653    ▼aAstrochemistry
■653    ▼aMillimeter  interferometry
■653    ▼aPlanet  formation
■653    ▼aProtoplanetary  disks
■653    ▼aStar
■690    ▼a0596
■690    ▼a0590
■71020▼aHarvard  University▼bAstronomy.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g84-12B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0084
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16932264▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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