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Rickettsia parkeri Utilizes a Patatin-Like Phospholipase to Mediate Escape From Host Membranes- [electronic resource]
Rickettsia parkeri Utilizes a Patatin-Like Phospholipase to Mediate Escape From Host Membr...
Rickettsia parkeri Utilizes a Patatin-Like Phospholipase to Mediate Escape From Host Membranes- [electronic resource]

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214095851
ISBN  
9798380621366
DDC  
576
저자명  
Borgo, Gina Marie.
서명/저자  
Rickettsia parkeri Utilizes a Patatin-Like Phospholipase to Mediate Escape From Host Membranes - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : University of California, Berkeley., 2021
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2021
형태사항  
1 online resource(88 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Welch, Matthew.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2021.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Bacteria in the genus Rickettsia are arthropod-borne obligate intracellular microbes that can cause a spectrum of diseases in humans with manifestations ranging from mild to severe. Following invasion of host cells, Rickettsia must escape from the membrane-bound vacuole to gain access to the cytosol, where they reside. In the cytosol, bacteria must avoid detection and degradation by host pathways such as autophagy. They also undergo actin-based motility and initiate cell-cell spread to infect new cells. Although we have a mechanistic understanding of invasion, actin-based motility, and cell-cell spread, how Rickettsia interacts with and manipulates host membranes is poorly understood. In particular, Rickettsia genomes encode factors predicted to interact with and mediate rupture of host membranes, such as phospholipases and hemolysins, but very little is known about how these proteins function during infection. In this dissertation, I describe the characterization of a conserved Rickettsia phospholipase, Pat1, to address key unanswered questions about the role of this membrane targeting enzyme in the Rickettsia intracellular life cycle and in pathogenesis. I investigated the role of Rickettsia Pat1 by characterizing the phenotype of a Rickettsia parkeri mutant with a transposon insertion in the pat1 gene. I found that Pat1 is critical Rickettsia factor for efficient escape from the vacuole into the cytosol, both following invasion and during cell-cell spread. This provides genetic evidence to support a long-held hypothesis that phospholipases mediate Rickettsia vacuolar escape. Pat1 is also important for preventing association of the bacteria with damaged membranes marked by galectin-3 and for initial targeting by autophagy via the autophagy adapter NDP52. Pat1 is also important for avoiding autophagy that occurred on bacteria not associated with damaged membranes and involved targeting by host polyubiquitin and the autophagy cargo adaptor p62. Moreover, Pat1 is critical for actin-based motility and escape from the secondary vacuole, two processes related to cell-cell spread. Although Pat1 does not affect growth inside tissue culture cells, it is required for virulence in a mouse model of infection. Altogether, the data presented in this dissertation suggest Pat1 is important at multiple steps of the Rickettsia life cycle that involve manipulating host membranes. This work also contributes more generally to our understanding of the role of bacterial patatin-like phospholipases in the host-microbe interaction. Future work on Rickettsia Pat1 will further define the mechanistic details of Pat1 function during infection, as well as how Pat1 activity is regulated, how it cooperates with other bacterial and host proteins to allow bacteria to efficiently access the cytosol, and what role it plays in animal infection.
일반주제명  
Microbiology.
일반주제명  
Cellular biology.
일반주제명  
Animal diseases.
일반주제명  
Genetics.
키워드  
Endothelial cells
키워드  
Rickettsia
키워드  
Rickettsia parkeri
키워드  
Animal infection
키워드  
Phospholipases
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Infectious Diseases & Immunity
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-04B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■00520240214095851
■006m          o    d                
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020    ▼a9798380621366
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI28717279
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a576
■1001  ▼aBorgo,  Gina  Marie.
■24510▼aRickettsia  parkeri  Utilizes  a  Patatin-Like  Phospholipase  to  Mediate  Escape  From  Host  Membranes▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley.  ▼c2021
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2021
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(88  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Welch,  Matthew.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2021.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aBacteria  in  the  genus  Rickettsia  are  arthropod-borne  obligate  intracellular  microbes  that  can  cause  a  spectrum  of  diseases  in  humans  with  manifestations  ranging  from  mild  to  severe.  Following  invasion  of  host  cells,  Rickettsia  must  escape  from  the  membrane-bound  vacuole  to  gain  access  to  the  cytosol,  where  they  reside.  In  the  cytosol,  bacteria  must  avoid  detection  and  degradation  by  host  pathways  such  as  autophagy.  They  also  undergo  actin-based  motility  and  initiate  cell-cell  spread  to  infect  new  cells.  Although  we  have  a  mechanistic  understanding  of  invasion,  actin-based  motility,  and  cell-cell  spread,  how  Rickettsia  interacts  with  and  manipulates  host  membranes  is  poorly  understood.  In  particular,  Rickettsia  genomes  encode  factors  predicted  to  interact  with  and  mediate  rupture  of  host  membranes,  such  as  phospholipases  and  hemolysins,  but  very  little  is  known  about  how  these  proteins  function  during  infection.  In  this  dissertation,  I  describe  the  characterization  of  a  conserved  Rickettsia  phospholipase,  Pat1,  to  address  key  unanswered  questions  about  the  role  of  this  membrane  targeting  enzyme  in  the  Rickettsia  intracellular  life  cycle  and  in  pathogenesis.  I  investigated  the  role  of  Rickettsia  Pat1  by  characterizing  the  phenotype  of  a  Rickettsia  parkeri  mutant  with  a  transposon  insertion  in  the  pat1  gene.  I  found  that  Pat1  is  critical  Rickettsia  factor  for  efficient  escape  from  the  vacuole  into  the  cytosol,  both  following  invasion  and  during  cell-cell  spread.  This  provides  genetic  evidence  to  support  a  long-held  hypothesis  that  phospholipases  mediate  Rickettsia  vacuolar  escape.  Pat1  is  also  important  for  preventing  association  of  the  bacteria  with  damaged  membranes  marked  by  galectin-3  and  for  initial  targeting  by  autophagy  via  the  autophagy  adapter  NDP52.  Pat1  is  also  important  for  avoiding  autophagy  that  occurred  on  bacteria  not  associated  with  damaged  membranes  and  involved  targeting  by  host  polyubiquitin  and  the  autophagy  cargo  adaptor  p62.  Moreover,  Pat1  is  critical  for  actin-based  motility  and  escape  from  the  secondary  vacuole,  two  processes  related  to  cell-cell  spread.  Although  Pat1  does  not  affect  growth  inside  tissue  culture  cells,  it  is  required  for  virulence  in  a  mouse  model  of  infection.  Altogether,  the  data  presented  in  this  dissertation  suggest  Pat1  is  important  at  multiple  steps  of  the  Rickettsia  life  cycle  that  involve  manipulating  host  membranes.  This  work  also  contributes  more  generally  to  our  understanding  of  the  role  of  bacterial patatin-like  phospholipases  in  the  host-microbe  interaction.  Future  work  on  Rickettsia  Pat1  will  further  define  the  mechanistic  details  of  Pat1  function  during  infection,  as  well  as  how  Pat1  activity  is  regulated,  how  it  cooperates  with  other  bacterial  and  host  proteins  to  allow  bacteria  to  efficiently  access  the  cytosol,  and  what  role  it  plays  in  animal  infection.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aMicrobiology.
■650  4▼aCellular  biology.
■650  4▼aAnimal  diseases.
■650  4▼aGenetics.
■653    ▼aEndothelial  cells
■653    ▼aRickettsia
■653    ▼aRickettsia  parkeri
■653    ▼aAnimal  infection
■653    ▼aPhospholipases
■690    ▼a0410
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0476
■690    ▼a0369
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bInfectious  Diseases  &  Immunity.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-04B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2021
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16930998▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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