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Rickettsia parkeri Utilizes a Patatin-Like Phospholipase to Mediate Escape From Host Membranes- [electronic resource]
Rickettsia parkeri Utilizes a Patatin-Like Phospholipase to Mediate Escape From Host Membranes- [electronic resource]
Detailed Information
- 자료유형
- 학위논문파일 국외
- 최종처리일시
- 20240214095851
- ISBN
- 9798380621366
- DDC
- 576
- 서명/저자
- Rickettsia parkeri Utilizes a Patatin-Like Phospholipase to Mediate Escape From Host Membranes - [electronic resource]
- 발행사항
- [S.l.]: : University of California, Berkeley., 2021
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2021
- 형태사항
- 1 online resource(88 p.)
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-04, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Welch, Matthew.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2021.
- 사용제한주기
- This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Bacteria in the genus Rickettsia are arthropod-borne obligate intracellular microbes that can cause a spectrum of diseases in humans with manifestations ranging from mild to severe. Following invasion of host cells, Rickettsia must escape from the membrane-bound vacuole to gain access to the cytosol, where they reside. In the cytosol, bacteria must avoid detection and degradation by host pathways such as autophagy. They also undergo actin-based motility and initiate cell-cell spread to infect new cells. Although we have a mechanistic understanding of invasion, actin-based motility, and cell-cell spread, how Rickettsia interacts with and manipulates host membranes is poorly understood. In particular, Rickettsia genomes encode factors predicted to interact with and mediate rupture of host membranes, such as phospholipases and hemolysins, but very little is known about how these proteins function during infection. In this dissertation, I describe the characterization of a conserved Rickettsia phospholipase, Pat1, to address key unanswered questions about the role of this membrane targeting enzyme in the Rickettsia intracellular life cycle and in pathogenesis. I investigated the role of Rickettsia Pat1 by characterizing the phenotype of a Rickettsia parkeri mutant with a transposon insertion in the pat1 gene. I found that Pat1 is critical Rickettsia factor for efficient escape from the vacuole into the cytosol, both following invasion and during cell-cell spread. This provides genetic evidence to support a long-held hypothesis that phospholipases mediate Rickettsia vacuolar escape. Pat1 is also important for preventing association of the bacteria with damaged membranes marked by galectin-3 and for initial targeting by autophagy via the autophagy adapter NDP52. Pat1 is also important for avoiding autophagy that occurred on bacteria not associated with damaged membranes and involved targeting by host polyubiquitin and the autophagy cargo adaptor p62. Moreover, Pat1 is critical for actin-based motility and escape from the secondary vacuole, two processes related to cell-cell spread. Although Pat1 does not affect growth inside tissue culture cells, it is required for virulence in a mouse model of infection. Altogether, the data presented in this dissertation suggest Pat1 is important at multiple steps of the Rickettsia life cycle that involve manipulating host membranes. This work also contributes more generally to our understanding of the role of bacterial patatin-like phospholipases in the host-microbe interaction. Future work on Rickettsia Pat1 will further define the mechanistic details of Pat1 function during infection, as well as how Pat1 activity is regulated, how it cooperates with other bacterial and host proteins to allow bacteria to efficiently access the cytosol, and what role it plays in animal infection.
- 일반주제명
- Microbiology.
- 일반주제명
- Cellular biology.
- 일반주제명
- Animal diseases.
- 일반주제명
- Genetics.
- 키워드
- Rickettsia
- 키워드
- Animal infection
- 키워드
- Phospholipases
- 기타저자
- University of California, Berkeley Infectious Diseases & Immunity
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-04B.
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertation Abstract International
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
008240612s2021 us |||||||||||||||c||eng d■001000016930998
■00520240214095851
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798380621366
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI28717279
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a576
■1001 ▼aBorgo, Gina Marie.
■24510▼aRickettsia parkeri Utilizes a Patatin-Like Phospholipase to Mediate Escape From Host Membranes▼h[electronic resource]
■260 ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity of California, Berkeley. ▼c2021
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor :▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses, ▼c2021
■300 ▼a1 online resource(88 p.)
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-04, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Welch, Matthew.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2021.
■506 ▼aThis item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
■520 ▼aBacteria in the genus Rickettsia are arthropod-borne obligate intracellular microbes that can cause a spectrum of diseases in humans with manifestations ranging from mild to severe. Following invasion of host cells, Rickettsia must escape from the membrane-bound vacuole to gain access to the cytosol, where they reside. In the cytosol, bacteria must avoid detection and degradation by host pathways such as autophagy. They also undergo actin-based motility and initiate cell-cell spread to infect new cells. Although we have a mechanistic understanding of invasion, actin-based motility, and cell-cell spread, how Rickettsia interacts with and manipulates host membranes is poorly understood. In particular, Rickettsia genomes encode factors predicted to interact with and mediate rupture of host membranes, such as phospholipases and hemolysins, but very little is known about how these proteins function during infection. In this dissertation, I describe the characterization of a conserved Rickettsia phospholipase, Pat1, to address key unanswered questions about the role of this membrane targeting enzyme in the Rickettsia intracellular life cycle and in pathogenesis. I investigated the role of Rickettsia Pat1 by characterizing the phenotype of a Rickettsia parkeri mutant with a transposon insertion in the pat1 gene. I found that Pat1 is critical Rickettsia factor for efficient escape from the vacuole into the cytosol, both following invasion and during cell-cell spread. This provides genetic evidence to support a long-held hypothesis that phospholipases mediate Rickettsia vacuolar escape. Pat1 is also important for preventing association of the bacteria with damaged membranes marked by galectin-3 and for initial targeting by autophagy via the autophagy adapter NDP52. Pat1 is also important for avoiding autophagy that occurred on bacteria not associated with damaged membranes and involved targeting by host polyubiquitin and the autophagy cargo adaptor p62. Moreover, Pat1 is critical for actin-based motility and escape from the secondary vacuole, two processes related to cell-cell spread. Although Pat1 does not affect growth inside tissue culture cells, it is required for virulence in a mouse model of infection. Altogether, the data presented in this dissertation suggest Pat1 is important at multiple steps of the Rickettsia life cycle that involve manipulating host membranes. This work also contributes more generally to our understanding of the role of bacterial patatin-like phospholipases in the host-microbe interaction. Future work on Rickettsia Pat1 will further define the mechanistic details of Pat1 function during infection, as well as how Pat1 activity is regulated, how it cooperates with other bacterial and host proteins to allow bacteria to efficiently access the cytosol, and what role it plays in animal infection.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0028.
■650 4▼aMicrobiology.
■650 4▼aCellular biology.
■650 4▼aAnimal diseases.
■650 4▼aGenetics.
■653 ▼aEndothelial cells
■653 ▼aRickettsia
■653 ▼aRickettsia parkeri
■653 ▼aAnimal infection
■653 ▼aPhospholipases
■690 ▼a0410
■690 ▼a0379
■690 ▼a0476
■690 ▼a0369
■71020▼aUniversity of California, Berkeley▼bInfectious Diseases & Immunity.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g85-04B.
■773 ▼tDissertation Abstract International
■790 ▼a0028
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2021
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16930998▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
■980 ▼a202402▼f2024
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