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Public Transit Innovations, Equity, and Blind Spots: Examining the Benefits and Unintended Consequences of Investments in Public Transport Projects in Three Global South Cities- [electronic resource]
Public Transit Innovations, Equity, and Blind Spots: Examining the Benefits and Unintended...
Public Transit Innovations, Equity, and Blind Spots: Examining the Benefits and Unintended Consequences of Investments in Public Transport Projects in Three Global South Cities- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214095854
ISBN  
9798380620390
DDC  
307
저자명  
Santana Palacios, Manuel A.
서명/저자  
Public Transit Innovations, Equity, and Blind Spots: Examining the Benefits and Unintended Consequences of Investments in Public Transport Projects in Three Global South Cities - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : University of California, Berkeley., 2021
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2021
형태사항  
1 online resource(99 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-04, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Chatman, Daniel.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2021.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Cities in the global South are often characterized as being grossly unequal. A historical lack of efficient public transit is often cited as a barrier to urban opportunities for the poor. Decision-makers now address the adverse effects of decades of disinvestment in transport infrastructure by pouring vast public resources into public transport innovations such as bus rapid transit (BRT) systems and urban gondolas, which are intended to replace or displace privately-provided, sometimes informal transit services. These public transport innovations have been contextualized as pro-poor in scholarly circles and planning discourses because they are expected to improve the quality of life of economically disadvantaged population groups.To what extent and under which conditions do such investments accomplish what they promise? Despite increasing interest in transport equity and justice in contemporary urban transport scholarship and the steady growth of investments in public transport, there is surprisingly little empirical evidence detailing how the benefits of recent public transport infrastructure investments are distributed. Moreover, in terms of urban and regional planning, scholarship seldom links questions of moral philosophy with land development patterns and issues with data representation that may bias outcomes from transport policies. Finally, few studies investigate whether and how these public transport investments disrupt the pre-existing private and often informal transport services upon which the urban poor in the global South often depend. What is the role of local actors, social networks, and the state in enabling such adaptation?Following a three-paper format that employs multi- and interdisciplinary research approaches, this dissertation links public transport provision in the global South with questions of equity and justice. The two first papers address questions of distributive justice from investments in public transport. The first paper draws from a retrospective intercept survey administered after BRT deployments in Barranquilla, Colombia, and Cape Town, South Africa. Our findings suggest that while BRT deployment did not narrow the gap in commute times between low and high socio-economic strata groups in Barranquilla, BRT did narrow the gap in commute times between different races in Cape Town. A critical lesson from this chapter is that BRT route configuration and urban form influence the degree to which BRT can benefit economically disadvantaged populations.The second uses Bogota's urban gondola as a case study. It uses urban data analytic methods to understand how public transport innovation enables changes in the geography of regional job accessibility in the city that benefit additional groups than those conceived as beneficiaries during the project promotion. I show that extending the reach of Bogota's transit network to a marginalized area with available jobs enabled gains in job accessibility far away from where the project was built. I find that the positive accessibility effects of TransMiCable go well beyond its station areas, spilling over to low- and middle-class neighborhoods in other parts of the Bogota urban region. I also show how methodological choices made when measuring how public transport investment affects accessibility can influence findings; those can, in turn, can be linked to different, often contrasting principles of fairness.The third and last paper draws from ethnographic methods, remotely-sensed data, and social media to untangle the market and non-market forces that drive the informal transport sector in the district where the gondola was built. I find that, contrary to my expectations, most pre-existing informal transport services remained unchanged more than a year after TransMiCable opened to the public, while two new informal routes emerged. I explain these findings by considering the socially embedded character of informal transport and the peripheral urbanization process characteristic of many cities in the global South. I find that informal routes in this peripheral district emerged in tandem with the ongoing peripheral urbanization process. Findings also indicate that community-based organizations collaborate with informal transport actors to plan and promote informal transport routes during the early stages of neighborhood development.Together these papers critically reflect on the importance of investing in public transit projects sensitive to land development patterns, pre-existing transport services, and the economic and non-economic forces that enable transport networks to deliver more equitable outcomes. I adopt distinct and novel methodological approaches in each study. When combined, these approaches offer a more comprehensive method for understanding the complex relationships between transport, land development, and social networks and their effects on accessibility. By investigating the subject of transport justice in three different papers and cities in the global South, this dissertation offers new insights that contribute to transport scholarship, planning, and policymaking.
일반주제명  
Urban planning.
일반주제명  
Transportation.
키워드  
Bus rapid transit
키워드  
Equity
키워드  
Informality
키워드  
Social justice
키워드  
Transport planning
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley City & Regional Planning
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-04A.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a307
■1001  ▼aSantana  Palacios,  Manuel  A.
■24510▼aPublic  Transit  Innovations,  Equity,  and  Blind  Spots:  Examining  the  Benefits  and  Unintended  Consequences  of  Investments  in  Public  Transport  Projects  in  Three  Global  South  Cities▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley.  ▼c2021
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2021
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(99  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-04,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Chatman,  Daniel.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2021.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aCities  in  the  global  South  are  often  characterized  as  being  grossly  unequal.  A  historical  lack  of  efficient  public  transit  is  often  cited  as  a  barrier  to  urban  opportunities  for  the  poor.  Decision-makers  now  address  the  adverse  effects  of  decades  of  disinvestment  in  transport  infrastructure  by  pouring  vast  public  resources  into  public  transport  innovations  such  as  bus  rapid  transit  (BRT)  systems  and  urban  gondolas,  which  are  intended  to  replace  or  displace  privately-provided,  sometimes  informal  transit  services.  These  public  transport  innovations  have  been  contextualized  as  pro-poor  in  scholarly  circles  and  planning  discourses  because  they  are  expected  to  improve  the  quality  of  life  of  economically  disadvantaged  population  groups.To  what  extent  and  under  which  conditions  do  such  investments  accomplish  what  they  promise?  Despite  increasing  interest  in  transport  equity  and  justice  in  contemporary  urban  transport  scholarship  and  the  steady  growth  of  investments  in  public  transport,  there  is  surprisingly  little  empirical  evidence  detailing  how  the  benefits  of  recent  public  transport  infrastructure  investments  are  distributed.  Moreover,  in  terms  of  urban  and  regional  planning,  scholarship  seldom  links  questions  of  moral  philosophy  with  land  development  patterns  and  issues  with  data  representation  that  may  bias  outcomes  from  transport  policies.  Finally,  few  studies  investigate  whether  and  how  these  public  transport  investments  disrupt  the  pre-existing  private  and  often  informal  transport  services  upon  which  the  urban  poor  in  the  global  South  often  depend.  What  is  the  role  of  local  actors,  social  networks,  and  the  state  in  enabling  such  adaptation?Following  a  three-paper  format  that  employs  multi-  and  interdisciplinary  research  approaches,  this  dissertation  links  public  transport  provision  in  the  global  South  with  questions  of  equity  and  justice.  The  two  first  papers  address  questions  of  distributive justice  from  investments  in  public  transport.  The  first  paper  draws  from  a  retrospective  intercept  survey  administered  after  BRT  deployments  in  Barranquilla,  Colombia,  and  Cape  Town,  South  Africa.  Our  findings  suggest  that  while  BRT  deployment  did  not  narrow  the  gap  in  commute  times  between  low  and  high  socio-economic  strata  groups  in  Barranquilla,  BRT  did  narrow  the  gap  in  commute  times  between  different  races  in  Cape  Town.  A  critical  lesson  from  this  chapter  is  that  BRT  route  configuration  and  urban  form  influence  the  degree  to  which  BRT  can  benefit  economically  disadvantaged  populations.The  second  uses  Bogota's  urban  gondola  as  a  case  study.  It  uses  urban  data  analytic  methods  to  understand  how  public  transport  innovation  enables  changes  in  the  geography  of  regional  job  accessibility  in  the  city  that  benefit  additional  groups  than  those  conceived  as  beneficiaries  during  the  project  promotion.  I  show  that  extending  the  reach  of  Bogota's  transit  network  to  a  marginalized  area  with  available  jobs  enabled  gains  in  job  accessibility  far  away  from  where  the  project  was  built.  I  find  that  the  positive  accessibility  effects  of  TransMiCable  go  well  beyond  its  station  areas,  spilling  over  to  low-  and  middle-class  neighborhoods  in  other  parts  of  the  Bogota  urban  region.  I  also  show  how  methodological  choices  made  when  measuring  how  public  transport  investment  affects  accessibility  can  influence  findings;  those  can,  in  turn,  can  be  linked  to  different,  often  contrasting  principles  of  fairness.The  third  and  last  paper  draws  from  ethnographic  methods,  remotely-sensed  data,  and  social  media  to  untangle  the  market  and  non-market  forces  that  drive  the  informal  transport  sector  in  the  district  where  the  gondola  was  built.  I  find  that,  contrary  to  my  expectations,  most  pre-existing  informal  transport  services  remained  unchanged  more  than  a  year  after  TransMiCable  opened  to  the  public,  while  two  new  informal  routes  emerged.  I  explain  these  findings  by  considering  the  socially  embedded  character  of  informal  transport  and  the  peripheral  urbanization  process  characteristic  of  many  cities  in  the  global  South.  I  find  that  informal  routes  in  this  peripheral  district  emerged  in  tandem  with  the  ongoing  peripheral  urbanization  process.  Findings  also  indicate  that  community-based  organizations  collaborate  with  informal  transport  actors  to  plan  and  promote  informal  transport  routes  during  the  early  stages  of  neighborhood  development.Together  these  papers  critically  reflect  on  the  importance  of  investing  in  public  transit  projects  sensitive  to  land  development  patterns,  pre-existing  transport  services,  and  the  economic  and  non-economic  forces  that  enable  transport  networks  to  deliver  more  equitable  outcomes.  I  adopt  distinct  and  novel  methodological  approaches  in  each  study.  When  combined,  these  approaches  offer  a  more  comprehensive  method  for  understanding  the  complex  relationships  between  transport,  land  development,  and  social  networks  and  their  effects  on  accessibility.  By  investigating  the  subject  of  transport  justice  in  three  different  papers  and  cities  in  the  global  South,  this  dissertation  offers  new  insights  that  contribute  to  transport  scholarship,  planning,  and  policymaking.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aUrban  planning.
■650  4▼aTransportation.
■653    ▼aBus  rapid  transit
■653    ▼aEquity
■653    ▼aInformality
■653    ▼aSocial  justice
■653    ▼aTransport  planning
■690    ▼a0999
■690    ▼a0709
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bCity  &  Regional  Planning.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-04A.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2021
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16931014▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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