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Statistical Methods for Structured Data: Analyses of Discrete Time Series and Networks- [electronic resource]
Statistical Methods for Structured Data: Analyses of Discrete Time Series and Networks - [...
Statistical Methods for Structured Data: Analyses of Discrete Time Series and Networks- [electronic resource]

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101223
ISBN  
9798379782771
DDC  
310
저자명  
Palmer, W. Reed.
서명/저자  
Statistical Methods for Structured Data: Analyses of Discrete Time Series and Networks - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : Columbia University., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(147 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Zheng, Tian.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation addresses three problems of applied statistics involving discrete time series and network data. The three problems are (1) finding and analyzing community structure in directed networks, (2) capturing changes in dynamic count-valued time series of COVID-19 daily deaths, and (3) inferring the edges of an implicit network given noisy observations of a multivariate point process on its nodes. We use tools of spectral clustering, state-space models, Bayesian hierarchical modeling and variational inference to address these problems. Each chapter presents and discusses statistical methods for the given problem. We apply the methods to simulated and real data to both validate them and demonstrate their limitations.In chapter 1 we consider a directed spectral method for community detection that utilizes a graph Laplacian defined for non-symmetric adjacency matrices. We give the theoretical motivation behind this directed graph Laplacian, and demonstrate its connection to an objective function that reflects a notion of how communities of nodes in directed networks should behave. Applying the method to directed networks, we compare the results to an approach using a symmetrized version of the adjacency matrices. A simulation study with a directed stochastic block model shows that directed spectral clustering can succeed where the symmetrized approach fails. And we find interesting and informative differences between the two approaches in the application to Congressional cosponsorship data.In chapter 2 we propose a generalized non-linear state-space model for count-valued time series of COVID-19 fatalities. To capture the dynamic changes in daily COVID-19 death counts, we specify a latent state process that involves second order differencing and an AR(1)-ARCH(1) model. These modeling choices are motivated by the application and validated by model assessment. We consider and fit a progression of Bayesian hierarchical models under this general framework. Using COVID-19 daily death counts from New York City's five boroughs, we evaluate and compare the considered models through predictive model assessment. Our findings justify the elements included in the proposed model. The proposed model is further applied to time series of COVID-19 deaths from the four most populous counties in Texas. These model fits illuminate dynamics associated with multiple dynamic phases and show the applicability of the framework to localities beyond New York City.In Chapter 3 we consider the task of inferring the connections between noisy observations of events. In our model-based approach, we consider a generative process incorporating latent dynamics that are directed by past events and the unobserved network structure. This process is based on a leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) model from neuroscience for aggregating input and triggering events (spikes) in neural populations. Given observation data we estimate the model parameters with a novel variational Bayesian approach, specifying a highly structured and parsimonious approximation for the conditional posterior distribution of the process's latent dynamics. This approach allows for fully interpretable inference of both the model parameters of interest and the variational parameters. Moreover, it is computationally efficient in scenarios when the observed event times are not too sparse. We apply our methods in a simulation study and to recorded neural activity in the dorsomedial frontal cortex (DMFC) of a rhesus macaque. We assess our results based on ground truth, model diagnostics, and spike prediction for held-out nodes.
일반주제명  
Statistics.
일반주제명  
Computer science.
키워드  
Bayesian estimation
키워드  
Count-valued time series
키워드  
Network inference
키워드  
Neuronal dynamics
키워드  
State-space models
키워드  
Variational Bayes
기타저자  
Columbia University Statistics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-01B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30526549
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a310
■1001  ▼aPalmer,  W.  Reed.
■24510▼aStatistical  Methods  for  Structured  Data:  Analyses  of  Discrete  Time  Series  and  Networks▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bColumbia  University.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(147  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Zheng,  Tian.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  addresses  three  problems  of  applied  statistics  involving  discrete  time  series  and  network  data.  The  three  problems  are  (1)  finding  and  analyzing  community  structure  in  directed  networks,  (2)  capturing  changes  in  dynamic  count-valued  time  series  of  COVID-19  daily  deaths,  and  (3)  inferring  the  edges  of  an  implicit  network  given  noisy  observations  of  a  multivariate  point  process  on  its  nodes.  We  use  tools  of  spectral  clustering,  state-space  models,  Bayesian  hierarchical  modeling  and  variational  inference  to  address  these  problems.  Each  chapter  presents  and  discusses  statistical  methods  for  the  given  problem.  We  apply  the  methods  to  simulated  and  real  data  to  both  validate  them  and  demonstrate  their  limitations.In  chapter  1  we  consider  a  directed  spectral  method  for  community  detection  that  utilizes  a  graph  Laplacian  defined  for  non-symmetric  adjacency  matrices.  We  give  the  theoretical  motivation  behind  this  directed  graph  Laplacian,  and  demonstrate  its  connection  to  an  objective  function  that  reflects  a  notion  of  how  communities  of  nodes  in  directed  networks  should  behave.  Applying  the  method  to  directed  networks,  we  compare  the  results  to  an  approach  using  a  symmetrized  version  of  the  adjacency  matrices.  A  simulation  study  with  a  directed  stochastic  block  model  shows  that  directed  spectral  clustering  can  succeed  where  the  symmetrized  approach  fails.  And  we  find  interesting  and  informative  differences  between  the  two  approaches  in  the  application  to  Congressional  cosponsorship  data.In  chapter  2  we  propose  a  generalized  non-linear  state-space  model  for  count-valued  time  series  of  COVID-19  fatalities.  To  capture  the  dynamic  changes  in  daily  COVID-19  death  counts,  we  specify  a  latent  state  process  that  involves  second  order  differencing  and  an  AR(1)-ARCH(1)  model.  These  modeling  choices  are  motivated  by  the  application  and  validated  by  model  assessment.  We  consider  and  fit  a  progression  of  Bayesian  hierarchical  models  under  this  general  framework.  Using  COVID-19  daily  death  counts  from  New  York  City's  five  boroughs,  we  evaluate  and  compare  the  considered  models  through  predictive  model  assessment.  Our  findings  justify  the  elements  included  in  the  proposed  model.  The  proposed  model  is  further  applied  to  time  series  of  COVID-19  deaths  from  the  four  most  populous  counties  in  Texas.  These  model  fits  illuminate  dynamics  associated  with  multiple  dynamic  phases  and  show  the  applicability  of  the  framework  to  localities  beyond  New  York  City.In  Chapter  3  we  consider  the  task  of  inferring  the  connections  between  noisy  observations  of  events.  In  our  model-based  approach,  we  consider  a  generative  process  incorporating  latent  dynamics  that  are  directed  by  past  events  and  the  unobserved  network  structure.  This  process  is  based  on  a  leaky  integrate-and-fire  (LIF)  model  from  neuroscience  for  aggregating  input  and  triggering  events  (spikes)  in  neural  populations.  Given  observation  data  we  estimate  the  model  parameters  with  a  novel  variational  Bayesian  approach,  specifying  a  highly  structured  and  parsimonious  approximation  for  the  conditional  posterior  distribution  of  the  process's  latent  dynamics.  This  approach  allows  for  fully  interpretable  inference  of  both  the  model  parameters  of  interest  and  the  variational  parameters.  Moreover,  it  is  computationally  efficient  in  scenarios  when  the  observed  event  times  are  not  too  sparse.  We  apply  our  methods  in  a  simulation  study  and  to  recorded  neural  activity  in  the  dorsomedial  frontal  cortex  (DMFC)  of  a  rhesus  macaque.  We  assess  our  results  based  on  ground  truth,  model  diagnostics,  and  spike  prediction  for  held-out  nodes.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0054.
■650  4▼aStatistics.
■650  4▼aComputer  science.
■653    ▼aBayesian  estimation
■653    ▼aCount-valued  time  series
■653    ▼aNetwork  inference
■653    ▼aNeuronal  dynamics
■653    ▼aState-space  models
■653    ▼aVariational  Bayes
■690    ▼a0463
■690    ▼a0984
■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bStatistics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-01B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0054
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16933247▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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