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Homology-Directed Repair of One-and Two-Ended DNA Double-Strand Breaks- [electronic resource]
Homology-Directed Repair of One-and Two-Ended DNA Double-Strand Breaks - [electronic resou...
Homology-Directed Repair of One-and Two-Ended DNA Double-Strand Breaks- [electronic resource]

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101234
ISBN  
9798379780401
DDC  
575
저자명  
Kimble, Michael T.
서명/저자  
Homology-Directed Repair of One-and Two-Ended DNA Double-Strand Breaks - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : Columbia University., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(178 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Symington, Lorraine.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are one of the most dangerous lesions cells encounter, given that DSBs can lead to genomic instability and cell death if not repaired properly. Cells have two primary pathways to repair DSBs: Homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). HR is the high-fidelity branch of the DSB repair pathway since it employs a process of homology search and synthesis from a homologous template. The homology search is carried out by ssDNA that is generated on either side of the DSB by end resection. End resection occurs via a two-step mechanism involving resection initiation, followed by long-range resection. Previous work has revealed that long-range resection is dispensable for some cases of HR; however, it is currently unclear why the requirement for long-range resection is context-dependent. Furthermore, it is not completely clear how the mechanisms of HR, including requirements for long-range resection, apply to single-ended DSBs (seDSBs) arising during replication. Therefore, we defined the role of long-range resection in two-ended DSB repair in different chromosomal contexts. We also established a Cas9 nickase (Cas9n) system to study seDSB repair and defined genetic requirements for repair.To study the requirement for long-range resection in HR, we employed inter- and intrachromosomal genetic recombination assays in haploid yeast. We found that long-range resection is required for interchromosomal HR, but not for intrachromosomal HR. This difference is linked to the observation that the DNA damage checkpoint, which is deficient in the absence of long-range resection, is activated in interchromosomal HR, but not intrachromosomal HR. The DNA damage checkpoint has also previously been implicated in promoting chromosome mobility. Therefore, we reason that the requirement for long-range resection in interchromosomal repair is due to a need to activate the DNA damage checkpoint and chromosome mobility, specifically during slower repair events.To study seDSB repair, we implemented Cas9n, which creates nicks that can cause replication fork collapse. We demonstrated that expression of Cas9n with an efficient gRNA can induce replication fork collapse and that repair of these seDSBs breaks is dependent on the HR machinery. A genome-wide screen using Cas9n revealed a requirement for replication-coupled nucleosome assembly (RCNA) in repair of seDSBs, specifically in replication origin-deplete regions of the genome. Consistent with the model of seDSB repair, we found that Cas9n-induced seDSBs preferentially undergo sister chromatid recombination. This preference was altered in the absence of Mre11, which we hypothesize is due to a role of MRX in sister chromatid tethering. Altogether, the results presented in this thesis offer a different perspective on the role of long-range resection in two-ended DSB repair and establish a Cas9n-based system to better study single-ended DSB repair.
일반주제명  
Genetics.
일반주제명  
Molecular biology.
일반주제명  
Cellular biology.
키워드  
DNA repair
키워드  
DNA double-strand breaks
키워드  
End resection
키워드  
Homologous recombination
키워드  
Replication fork collapse
기타저자  
Columbia University Biological Sciences
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-01B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■00520240214101234
■006m          o    d                
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020    ▼a9798379780401
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30527709
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a575
■1001  ▼aKimble,  Michael  T.
■24510▼aHomology-Directed  Repair  of  One-and  Two-Ended  DNA  Double-Strand  Breaks▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bColumbia  University.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(178  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Symington,  Lorraine.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aDNA  double-strand  breaks  (DSBs)  are  one  of  the  most  dangerous  lesions  cells  encounter,  given  that  DSBs  can  lead  to  genomic  instability  and  cell  death  if  not  repaired  properly.  Cells  have  two  primary  pathways  to  repair  DSBs:  Homologous  recombination  (HR)  and  nonhomologous  end-joining  (NHEJ).  HR  is  the  high-fidelity  branch  of  the  DSB  repair  pathway  since  it  employs  a  process  of  homology  search  and  synthesis  from  a  homologous  template.  The  homology  search  is  carried  out  by  ssDNA  that  is  generated  on  either  side  of  the  DSB  by  end  resection.  End  resection  occurs  via  a  two-step  mechanism  involving  resection  initiation,  followed  by  long-range  resection.  Previous  work  has  revealed  that  long-range  resection  is  dispensable  for  some  cases  of  HR;  however,  it  is  currently  unclear  why  the  requirement  for  long-range  resection  is  context-dependent.  Furthermore,  it  is  not  completely  clear  how  the  mechanisms  of  HR,  including  requirements  for  long-range  resection,  apply  to  single-ended  DSBs  (seDSBs)  arising  during  replication.  Therefore,  we  defined  the  role  of  long-range  resection  in  two-ended  DSB  repair  in  different  chromosomal  contexts.  We  also  established  a  Cas9  nickase  (Cas9n)  system  to  study  seDSB  repair  and  defined  genetic  requirements  for  repair.To  study  the  requirement  for  long-range  resection  in  HR,  we  employed  inter-  and  intrachromosomal  genetic  recombination  assays  in  haploid  yeast.  We  found  that  long-range  resection  is  required  for  interchromosomal  HR,  but  not  for  intrachromosomal  HR.  This  difference  is  linked  to  the  observation  that  the  DNA  damage  checkpoint,  which  is  deficient  in  the  absence  of  long-range  resection,  is  activated  in  interchromosomal  HR,  but  not  intrachromosomal  HR.  The  DNA  damage  checkpoint  has  also  previously  been  implicated  in  promoting  chromosome  mobility. Therefore,  we  reason  that  the  requirement  for  long-range  resection  in  interchromosomal  repair  is  due  to  a  need  to  activate  the  DNA  damage  checkpoint  and  chromosome  mobility,  specifically  during  slower  repair  events.To  study  seDSB  repair,  we  implemented  Cas9n,  which  creates  nicks  that  can  cause  replication  fork  collapse.  We  demonstrated  that  expression  of  Cas9n  with  an  efficient  gRNA  can  induce  replication  fork  collapse  and  that  repair  of  these  seDSBs  breaks  is  dependent  on  the  HR  machinery.  A  genome-wide  screen  using  Cas9n  revealed  a  requirement  for  replication-coupled  nucleosome  assembly  (RCNA)  in  repair  of  seDSBs,  specifically  in  replication  origin-deplete  regions  of  the  genome.  Consistent  with  the  model  of  seDSB  repair,  we  found  that  Cas9n-induced  seDSBs  preferentially  undergo  sister  chromatid  recombination.  This  preference  was  altered  in  the  absence  of  Mre11,  which  we  hypothesize  is  due  to  a  role  of  MRX  in  sister  chromatid  tethering.  Altogether,  the  results  presented  in  this  thesis  offer  a  different  perspective  on  the  role  of  long-range  resection  in  two-ended  DSB  repair  and  establish  a  Cas9n-based  system  to  better  study  single-ended  DSB  repair.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0054.
■650  4▼aGenetics.
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology.
■650  4▼aCellular  biology.
■653    ▼aDNA  repair
■653    ▼aDNA  double-strand  breaks
■653    ▼aEnd  resection
■653    ▼aHomologous  recombination
■653    ▼aReplication  fork  collapse
■690    ▼a0369
■690    ▼a0307
■690    ▼a0379
■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bBiological  Sciences.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-01B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0054
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16933334▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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