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Evolution of Gene Expression Regulation at the Transcriptional and Post-Transcriptional Levels in the Early Drosophila Embryo- [electronic resource]
Evolution of Gene Expression Regulation at the Transcriptional and Post-Transcriptional Le...
Evolution of Gene Expression Regulation at the Transcriptional and Post-Transcriptional Levels in the Early Drosophila Embryo- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214095917
ISBN  
9798379919856
DDC  
574
저자명  
Cartwright, Emily.
서명/저자  
Evolution of Gene Expression Regulation at the Transcriptional and Post-Transcriptional Levels in the Early Drosophila Embryo - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : University of California, Davis., 2022
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2022
형태사항  
1 online resource(129 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-01, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Lott, Susan.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2022.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약The precise regulation of gene expression is especially important during the earliest stages of development, when critical processes lay the foundation for the rest of development. At this time, embryogenesis is dependent on the transcriptional products of two genomes, from the mother and the zygote. Maternally deposited transcripts are supplied to the oocyte during oogenesis and carry out all initial developmental processes from the beginning of embryogenesis until the zygotic genome is activated. Over time, new transcripts are produced from the zygote as maternally deposited transcripts are degraded. The coordinated handoff of developmental control from the maternal to the zygotic genome is tightly regulated and highly conserved. In my dissertation, I investigate two aspects of gene regulation during early development and ask how they compare and evolve across species of Drosophila. In Chapter 1, I looked at how gene regulation evolves for differentially maternally deposited and zygotically transcribed genes by using hybrid crosses between three closely related species, D. simulans, D. sechellia, and D. mauritania. Surprisingly, the mechanisms of gene regulatory change differed substantially between the maternal and zygotic genome. There were more differences in maternal deposition resulting from changes in trans regulation while differences in zygotic transcription resulted from a combination of cis, trans, and the joint action of cis and trans changes. This is indicative that the maternal and zygotic genomes are under different sets of regulatory constraints and likely evolve via different mechanisms. Another critical aspect of gene regulation that I address in my dissertation is the trajectory of maternal transcript degradation throughout development, until all maternal transcripts are degraded, and how it compares across species of Drosophila. We chose four species of Drosophila, D. melanogaster, D. persimilis, D. virilis, and D. yakuba, which vary in developmental time and geographic origin and represent a range of divergence times. Looking at transcripts that are maternally transcribed and not later transcribed by the zygote (maternal-only), we found that a similar proportion degrades by the end of stage 5 in each of the species examined. This suggests that maternal transcripts are stable for a longer absolute amount of time in species that develop more slowly. We also find that relatively few maternal-only transcripts are common across all species examined while a larger proportion are unique to a specific species, indicating a lack of conservation of maternal-only genes, which is especially surprising given the high degree of conservation of maternal genes overall. Future work will investigate whether these transcripts, particularly those that degrade later in development than have previously been examined, contain motifs that may act as signatures for degradation and look at how those compare across species. Overall, the work in this dissertation gives a better understanding of transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene regulation during early embryogenesis and how it evolves across species of Drosophila.
일반주제명  
Evolution & development.
일반주제명  
Developmental biology.
일반주제명  
Genetics.
키워드  
Drosophila
키워드  
Gene expression
키워드  
Zygote
기타저자  
University of California, Davis Biochemistry Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-01B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■006m          o    d                
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■020    ▼a9798379919856
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI29060733
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a574
■1001  ▼aCartwright,  Emily.
■24510▼aEvolution  of  Gene  Expression  Regulation  at  the  Transcriptional  and  Post-Transcriptional  Levels  in  the  Early  Drosophila  Embryo▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity  of  California,  Davis.  ▼c2022
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2022
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(129  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Lott,  Susan.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Davis,  2022.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aThe  precise  regulation  of  gene  expression  is  especially  important  during  the  earliest  stages  of  development,  when  critical  processes  lay  the  foundation  for  the  rest  of  development.  At  this  time,  embryogenesis  is  dependent  on  the  transcriptional  products  of  two  genomes,  from  the  mother  and  the  zygote.  Maternally  deposited  transcripts  are  supplied  to  the  oocyte  during  oogenesis  and  carry  out  all  initial  developmental  processes  from  the  beginning  of  embryogenesis  until  the  zygotic  genome  is  activated.  Over  time,  new  transcripts  are  produced  from  the  zygote  as  maternally  deposited  transcripts  are  degraded.  The  coordinated  handoff  of  developmental  control  from  the  maternal  to  the  zygotic  genome  is  tightly  regulated  and  highly  conserved.  In  my  dissertation,  I  investigate  two  aspects  of  gene  regulation  during  early  development  and  ask  how  they  compare  and  evolve  across  species  of  Drosophila.  In  Chapter  1,  I  looked  at  how  gene  regulation  evolves  for  differentially  maternally  deposited  and  zygotically  transcribed  genes  by  using  hybrid  crosses  between  three  closely  related  species,  D.  simulans,  D.  sechellia,  and  D.  mauritania.  Surprisingly,  the  mechanisms  of  gene  regulatory  change  differed  substantially  between  the  maternal  and  zygotic  genome.  There  were  more  differences  in  maternal  deposition  resulting  from  changes  in  trans  regulation  while  differences  in  zygotic  transcription  resulted  from  a  combination  of  cis,  trans,  and  the  joint  action  of  cis  and  trans  changes.  This  is  indicative  that  the  maternal  and  zygotic  genomes  are  under  different  sets  of  regulatory  constraints  and  likely  evolve  via  different  mechanisms.  Another  critical  aspect  of  gene  regulation  that  I  address  in  my  dissertation  is  the  trajectory  of  maternal  transcript  degradation  throughout  development,  until  all  maternal  transcripts  are  degraded,  and  how  it  compares  across  species  of  Drosophila.  We  chose  four  species  of  Drosophila,  D.  melanogaster,  D.  persimilis,  D.  virilis,  and  D.  yakuba,  which  vary  in  developmental  time  and  geographic  origin  and  represent  a  range  of  divergence  times.  Looking  at  transcripts  that  are  maternally  transcribed  and  not  later  transcribed  by  the  zygote  (maternal-only),  we  found  that  a  similar  proportion  degrades  by  the  end  of  stage  5  in  each  of  the  species  examined.  This  suggests  that  maternal  transcripts  are  stable  for  a  longer  absolute  amount  of  time  in  species  that  develop  more  slowly.  We  also  find  that  relatively  few  maternal-only  transcripts  are  common  across  all  species  examined  while  a  larger  proportion  are  unique  to  a  specific  species,  indicating  a  lack  of  conservation  of  maternal-only  genes,  which  is  especially  surprising  given  the  high  degree  of  conservation  of  maternal  genes  overall.  Future  work  will  investigate  whether  these  transcripts,  particularly  those  that  degrade  later  in  development  than  have  previously  been  examined,  contain  motifs  that  may  act  as  signatures  for  degradation  and  look  at  how  those  compare  across  species.  Overall,  the  work  in  this  dissertation  gives  a  better  understanding  of  transcriptional  and  post-transcriptional  gene  regulation  during  early  embryogenesis  and  how  it  evolves  across  species  of  Drosophila.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0029.
■650  4▼aEvolution  &  development.
■650  4▼aDevelopmental  biology.
■650  4▼aGenetics.
■653    ▼aDrosophila
■653    ▼aGene  expression
■653    ▼aZygote
■690    ▼a0412
■690    ▼a0369
■690    ▼a0758
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Davis▼bBiochemistry  Molecular  Cellular  and  Developmental  Biology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-01B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0029
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2022
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16931100▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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