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Emergent Mechanics of Endocytic Actin Networks- [electronic resource]
Emergent Mechanics of Endocytic Actin Networks - [electronic resource]
Emergent Mechanics of Endocytic Actin Networks- [electronic resource]

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101633
ISBN  
9798380369633
DDC  
574.191
저자명  
Ferrin, Michael Alexander.
서명/저자  
Emergent Mechanics of Endocytic Actin Networks - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : University of California, Berkeley., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(87 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Drubin, David.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Forces generated by actin assembly assist membrane invagination during clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). The sequential recruitment of core endocytic proteins and regulatory proteins, and assembly of the actin network, are well documented in live cells and are highly conserved from yeasts to humans. However, understanding of CME protein self-organization, as well as the biochemical and mechanical principles that underlie actin's role in CME, is lacking. Here, I describe two studies revealing potential mechanistic explanations for how actin and associated proteins robustly organize for productive force generation during CME.I first helped to construct and analyze an experimentally constrained multiscale model showing that a minimal branched actin network is sufficient to internalize endocytic pits against membrane tension. The model predicts that around 200 activated Arp2/3 complexes are required for robust internalization, which was confirmed by experiments in live cells. Simulations reveal that actin self-organizes into a radial branched array with growing ends oriented toward the base of the pit. Long actin filaments bend between attachment sites in the coat and the base of the pit. Elastic energy stored in bent filaments, whose presence was confirmed experimentally, contributes to endocytic internalization. Elevated membrane tension directs more growing filaments toward the base of the pit, increasing actin nucleation and bending for increased force production. Thus, spatially constrained actin filament assembly utilizes an adaptive mechanism enabling endocytosis under varying physical constraints.I then developed an experimental system and analysis strategies to show that supported lipid bilayers coated with purified yeast Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome Protein (WASP), an endocytic actin assembly regulator, and incubated in cytoplasmic yeast extracts, recruit downstream endocytic proteins and assemble actin networks. Time-lapse imaging of WASP-coated bilayers reveal sequential recruitment of proteins from different endocytic modules, faithfully replicating in vivo behavior. Reconstituted actin networks assemble in a WASP-dependent manner and deform lipid bilayers, as seen by electron microscopy. Time-lapse imaging reveals that vesicles are released from the lipid bilayers with a burst of actin assembly. Actin networks pushing on membranes have previously been reconstituted; here, we have reconstituted a biologically important variation of these actin networks that self-organize on bilayers and produce pulling forces sufficient to bud off membrane vesicles. I propose that actin-driven vesicle generation may represent an ancient evolutionary precursor to diverse vesicle forming processes adapted for a wide array of cellular environments and applications.These studies align with the mission of the nascent field of emergent mechanics: to understand new mechanical properties that arise from collective interactions among a system's building blocks. With these results I demonstrate pathways by which the building blocks of actin networks can self-organize into mechanically adaptive, higher-order structures to generate the forces necessary to carry out CME.
일반주제명  
Biophysics.
일반주제명  
Cellular biology.
일반주제명  
Molecular biology.
일반주제명  
Biochemistry.
키워드  
Actin networks
키워드  
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis
키워드  
Endocytic modules
키워드  
Lipid bilayers
키워드  
Cellular environments
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Molecular & Cell Biology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-03B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■00520240214101633
■006m          o    d                
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020    ▼a9798380369633
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30631461
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a574.191
■1001  ▼aFerrin,  Michael  Alexander.
■24510▼aEmergent  Mechanics  of  Endocytic  Actin  Networks▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(87  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Drubin,  David.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aForces  generated  by  actin  assembly  assist  membrane  invagination  during  clathrin-mediated  endocytosis  (CME).  The  sequential  recruitment  of  core  endocytic  proteins  and  regulatory  proteins,  and  assembly  of  the  actin  network,  are  well  documented  in  live  cells  and  are  highly  conserved  from  yeasts  to  humans.  However,  understanding  of  CME  protein  self-organization,  as  well  as  the  biochemical  and  mechanical  principles  that  underlie  actin's  role  in  CME,  is  lacking.  Here,  I  describe  two  studies  revealing  potential  mechanistic  explanations  for  how  actin  and  associated  proteins  robustly  organize  for  productive  force  generation  during  CME.I  first  helped  to  construct  and  analyze  an  experimentally  constrained  multiscale  model  showing  that  a  minimal  branched  actin  network  is  sufficient  to  internalize  endocytic  pits  against  membrane  tension.  The  model  predicts  that  around  200  activated  Arp2/3  complexes  are  required  for  robust  internalization,  which  was  confirmed  by  experiments  in  live  cells.  Simulations  reveal  that  actin  self-organizes  into  a  radial  branched  array  with  growing  ends  oriented  toward  the  base  of  the  pit.  Long  actin  filaments  bend  between  attachment  sites  in  the  coat  and  the  base  of  the  pit.  Elastic  energy  stored  in  bent  filaments,  whose  presence  was  confirmed  experimentally,  contributes  to  endocytic  internalization.  Elevated  membrane  tension  directs  more  growing  filaments  toward  the  base  of  the  pit,  increasing  actin  nucleation  and  bending  for  increased  force  production.  Thus,  spatially  constrained  actin  filament  assembly  utilizes  an  adaptive  mechanism  enabling  endocytosis  under  varying  physical  constraints.I  then  developed  an  experimental  system  and  analysis  strategies  to  show  that  supported  lipid  bilayers  coated  with  purified  yeast  Wiskott  Aldrich  Syndrome  Protein  (WASP),  an  endocytic  actin  assembly  regulator,  and  incubated  in  cytoplasmic  yeast  extracts,  recruit  downstream  endocytic  proteins  and  assemble  actin  networks.  Time-lapse  imaging  of  WASP-coated  bilayers  reveal  sequential  recruitment  of  proteins  from  different  endocytic  modules,  faithfully  replicating  in  vivo  behavior.  Reconstituted  actin  networks  assemble  in  a  WASP-dependent  manner  and  deform  lipid  bilayers,  as  seen  by  electron  microscopy.  Time-lapse  imaging  reveals  that  vesicles  are  released  from  the  lipid  bilayers  with  a  burst  of  actin  assembly.  Actin  networks  pushing  on  membranes  have  previously  been  reconstituted;  here,  we  have  reconstituted  a  biologically  important  variation  of  these  actin  networks  that  self-organize  on  bilayers  and  produce  pulling  forces  sufficient  to  bud  off  membrane  vesicles.  I  propose  that  actin-driven  vesicle  generation  may  represent  an  ancient  evolutionary  precursor  to  diverse  vesicle  forming  processes  adapted  for  a  wide  array  of  cellular  environments  and  applications.These  studies  align  with  the  mission  of  the  nascent  field  of  emergent  mechanics:  to  understand  new  mechanical  properties  that  arise  from  collective  interactions  among  a  system's  building  blocks.  With  these  results  I  demonstrate  pathways  by  which  the  building  blocks  of  actin  networks  can  self-organize  into  mechanically  adaptive,  higher-order  structures  to  generate  the  forces  necessary  to  carry  out  CME.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aBiophysics.
■650  4▼aCellular  biology.
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology.
■650  4▼aBiochemistry.
■653    ▼aActin  networks
■653    ▼aClathrin-mediated  endocytosis
■653    ▼aEndocytic  modules
■653    ▼aLipid  bilayers
■653    ▼aCellular  environments
■690    ▼a0786
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0487
■690    ▼a0307
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bMolecular  &  Cell  Biology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-03B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16934617▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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