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Soil Microbiome of the Guayule (Parthenium argentatum) Root Zone in Diverse Semi-Arid Agricultural Fields- [electronic resource]
Soil Microbiome of the Guayule (Parthenium argentatum) Root Zone in Diverse Semi-Arid Agri...
Soil Microbiome of the Guayule (Parthenium argentatum) Root Zone in Diverse Semi-Arid Agricultural Fields- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101921
ISBN  
9798380593441
DDC  
630
저자명  
Brown, Kyle S.
서명/저자  
Soil Microbiome of the Guayule (Parthenium argentatum) Root Zone in Diverse Semi-Arid Agricultural Fields - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : The University of Arizona., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(123 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Maier, Raina M.;Neilson, Julia W.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Arizona, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Guayule (P. argentatum) is an arid-adapted, low water-use crop that is currently being proposed as a replacement for traditional high water-use crops, such as cotton and alfalfa in the southwestern United States (US). Guayule is a prime candidate as an alternative crop in the semi-arid southwest as it requires minimal water and nutrient inputs. Guayule is one of approximately 2000 plants that synthesize rubber, and is one of only two plants to be exploited as a commercial source. Guayule has long been considered as an alternative source of rubber, however extensive work is still required to domesticate and establish guayule as a new or alternative crop in the southwestern US. As an alternative crop, guayule will be grown in a variety of fields with potentially different soil properties and environmental conditions, thus understanding the variability of the soil microbiome is important for guayule growth and production. Previous reports have demonstrated that guayule is highly susceptible to fungal and oomycete soilborne pathogens, with soil moisture and soil texture playing a large role in disease incidence and severity. Species of Fusarium, Macrophomina, Phymatotrichum, Rhizoctonia, Sclerotinia, Sclerotium, and Verticillium have been identified as putative soilborne fungal pathogens of guayule; however, very little information exists on the overall distribution of fungal pathogens in guayule agricultural fields.The purpose of this dissertation was to participate in a two-year irrigation field trial that was part of a large interdisciplinary US Department of Agriculture research effort entitled Sustainable Bioeconomy for Arid Regions. This field trial was conducted at two distinct agricultural fields in southern Arizona with identical experimental designs and similar environmental conditions, but different soil textures to examine: 1) the prevalence and distribution of fungal soilborne pathogens, and 2) the overall soil microbiome. Samples were collected from the guayule root zone in the spring of 2018, and 2019. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) amplicon sequencing successfully detected four putative guayule fungal soilborne pathogens at both field locations: Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina, and Rhizoctonia solani. The distribution of fungal pathogens across both fields was highly variable, with no significant associations between irrigation treatment and fungal pathogen relative abundance. However, potential disease symptoms were observed on plants in one D150 plot, the highest drip irrigation rate, at the MAC field. F. solani relative abundance in the root zone of symptomatic plants was high; up to 53%, relative to other pathogen relative abundances, suggesting an association with this pathogen and guayule mortality under high irrigation levels in sandy soils where saturated conditions occur. Unlike M. phaseolina, and Rhizoctonia spp, the presence and relative abundance of F. solani did not decrease with plant establishment in either the MAC or Eloy fields. Thus, successful guayule establishment suppresses the relative abundance of some but not all putative fungal pathogens. The data also suggest a significant impact of soil texture on the distribution of the F. oxysporum phylotype.The bacterial/archaeal soil community was analyzed at both field locations to provide a temporal analysis during guayule establishment. Little is known regarding the soil microbiome of guayule and its effect/s on guayule productivity; however, it is well established that microbes enhance plant growth by facilitating nutrient acquisition, suppressing soilborne diseases, and conferring abiotic stress tolerance. The soil microbiome was significantly different at the course phylogenetic level when comparing the two field locations (p 0.001). The soil microbiome was also significantly different when comparing the two sampling years within each location (p 0.001). No significant differences in richness and diversity were observed, with the exception of MAC year 1 samples vs. MAC year 2 samples (p = 0.04). Major differences in the relative abundance of phyla between field locations indicates a strong influence of soil texture on the soil microbiome, and major phylum differences between sampling years indicates guayule establishment does not have a similar effect on the soil microbiome in both fields. Of particular interest was the ammonia-oxidizing archaea Thaumarchaeota, whose relative abundance in both fields was not typical for arid, alkaline soils. This research has demonstrated that two significantly different microbial communities support guayule growth in these two different fields.Taken together, these studies provide the first description and novel insights into guayule root zone soil microbial communities that are potentially relevant to guayule growth and productivity.
일반주제명  
Agriculture.
일반주제명  
Microbiology.
일반주제명  
Soil sciences.
키워드  
Fungal pathogens
키워드  
Soilborne fungal pathogens
키워드  
Guayule
기타저자  
The University of Arizona Environmental Science
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-04B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■020    ▼a9798380593441
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30690525
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a630
■1001  ▼aBrown,  Kyle  S.
■24510▼aSoil  Microbiome  of  the  Guayule  (Parthenium  argentatum)  Root  Zone  in  Diverse  Semi-Arid  Agricultural  Fields▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bThe  University  of  Arizona.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(123  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Maier,  Raina  M.;Neilson,  Julia  W.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  University  of  Arizona,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aGuayule  (P.  argentatum)  is  an  arid-adapted,  low  water-use  crop  that  is  currently  being  proposed  as  a  replacement  for  traditional  high  water-use  crops,  such  as  cotton  and  alfalfa  in  the  southwestern  United  States  (US).  Guayule  is  a  prime  candidate  as  an  alternative  crop  in  the  semi-arid  southwest  as  it  requires  minimal  water  and  nutrient  inputs.  Guayule  is  one  of  approximately  2000  plants  that  synthesize  rubber,  and  is  one  of  only  two  plants  to  be  exploited  as  a  commercial  source.  Guayule  has  long  been  considered  as  an  alternative  source  of  rubber,  however  extensive  work  is  still  required  to  domesticate  and  establish  guayule  as  a  new  or  alternative  crop  in  the  southwestern  US.  As  an  alternative  crop,  guayule  will  be  grown  in  a  variety  of  fields  with  potentially  different  soil  properties  and  environmental  conditions,  thus  understanding  the  variability  of  the  soil  microbiome  is  important  for  guayule  growth  and  production.  Previous  reports  have  demonstrated  that  guayule  is  highly  susceptible  to  fungal  and  oomycete  soilborne  pathogens,  with  soil  moisture  and  soil  texture  playing  a  large  role  in  disease  incidence  and  severity.  Species  of  Fusarium,  Macrophomina,  Phymatotrichum,  Rhizoctonia,  Sclerotinia,  Sclerotium,  and  Verticillium  have  been  identified  as  putative  soilborne  fungal  pathogens  of  guayule;  however,  very  little  information  exists  on  the  overall  distribution  of  fungal  pathogens  in  guayule  agricultural  fields.The  purpose  of  this  dissertation  was  to  participate  in  a  two-year  irrigation  field  trial  that  was  part  of  a  large  interdisciplinary  US  Department  of  Agriculture  research  effort  entitled  Sustainable  Bioeconomy  for  Arid  Regions.  This  field  trial  was  conducted  at  two  distinct  agricultural  fields  in  southern  Arizona  with  identical  experimental  designs  and  similar  environmental  conditions,  but  different  soil  textures  to  examine:  1)  the  prevalence  and  distribution  of  fungal  soilborne  pathogens,  and  2)  the  overall  soil  microbiome.  Samples  were  collected  from  the  guayule  root  zone  in  the  spring  of  2018,  and  2019.  The  internal  transcribed  spacer  (ITS)  amplicon  sequencing  successfully  detected  four  putative  guayule  fungal  soilborne  pathogens  at  both  field  locations:  Fusarium  solani,  Fusarium  oxysporum,  Macrophomina  phaseolina,  and  Rhizoctonia  solani.  The  distribution  of  fungal  pathogens  across  both  fields  was  highly  variable,  with  no  significant  associations  between  irrigation  treatment  and  fungal  pathogen  relative  abundance.  However,  potential  disease  symptoms  were  observed  on  plants  in  one  D150  plot,  the  highest  drip  irrigation  rate,  at  the  MAC  field.  F.  solani  relative  abundance  in  the  root  zone  of  symptomatic  plants  was  high;  up  to  53%,  relative  to  other  pathogen  relative  abundances,  suggesting  an  association  with  this  pathogen  and  guayule  mortality  under  high  irrigation  levels  in  sandy  soils  where  saturated  conditions  occur.  Unlike  M.  phaseolina,  and  Rhizoctonia  spp,  the  presence  and  relative  abundance  of  F.  solani  did  not  decrease  with  plant  establishment  in  either  the  MAC  or  Eloy  fields.  Thus,  successful  guayule  establishment  suppresses  the  relative  abundance  of  some  but  not  all  putative  fungal  pathogens.  The  data  also  suggest  a  significant  impact  of  soil  texture  on  the  distribution  of  the  F.  oxysporum  phylotype.The  bacterial/archaeal  soil  community  was  analyzed  at  both  field  locations  to  provide  a  temporal  analysis  during  guayule  establishment.  Little  is  known  regarding  the  soil  microbiome  of  guayule  and  its  effect/s  on  guayule  productivity;  however,  it  is  well  established  that  microbes  enhance  plant  growth  by  facilitating  nutrient  acquisition,  suppressing  soilborne  diseases,  and  conferring  abiotic  stress  tolerance.  The  soil  microbiome  was  significantly  different  at  the  course  phylogenetic  level  when  comparing  the  two  field  locations  (p    0.001).  The  soil  microbiome  was  also  significantly  different  when  comparing  the  two  sampling  years  within  each  location  (p    0.001).  No  significant  differences  in  richness  and  diversity  were  observed,  with  the  exception  of  MAC  year  1  samples  vs.  MAC  year  2  samples  (p  =  0.04).  Major  differences  in  the  relative  abundance  of  phyla  between  field  locations  indicates  a  strong  influence  of  soil  texture  on  the  soil  microbiome,  and  major  phylum  differences  between  sampling  years  indicates  guayule  establishment  does  not  have  a  similar  effect  on  the  soil  microbiome  in  both  fields.  Of  particular  interest  was  the  ammonia-oxidizing  archaea  Thaumarchaeota,  whose  relative  abundance  in  both  fields  was  not  typical  for  arid,  alkaline  soils.  This  research  has  demonstrated  that  two  significantly  different  microbial  communities  support  guayule  growth  in  these  two  different  fields.Taken  together,  these  studies  provide  the  first  description  and  novel  insights  into  guayule  root  zone  soil  microbial  communities  that  are  potentially  relevant  to  guayule  growth  and  productivity.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0009.
■650  4▼aAgriculture.
■650  4▼aMicrobiology.
■650  4▼aSoil  sciences.
■653    ▼aFungal  pathogens
■653    ▼aSoilborne  fungal  pathogens
■653    ▼aGuayule
■690    ▼a0473
■690    ▼a0410
■690    ▼a0481
■71020▼aThe  University  of  Arizona▼bEnvironmental  Science.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-04B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0009
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16935347▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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