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Barriers to Care Among Adults With Chronic Liver Disease in the United States- [electronic resource]
Barriers to Care Among Adults With Chronic Liver Disease in the United States - [electroni...
Barriers to Care Among Adults With Chronic Liver Disease in the United States- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101924
ISBN  
9798380623612
DDC  
614
저자명  
Wong, Carrie Ruby.
서명/저자  
Barriers to Care Among Adults With Chronic Liver Disease in the United States - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : University of California, Los Angeles., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(145 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Bastani, Roshan;Macinko, James A., Jr.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Chronic liver disease is increasingly prevalent with high rates of morbidity and mortality, yet it receives less attention than other similar chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Barriers to timely medical care may preclude diagnosis and management and thus, exacerbate potentially avoidable morbidity and mortality for persons with chronic liver disease. This dissertation explored the extent of health care barriers among adults with chronic liver disease compared to other chronic conditions and identified latent classes derived from different health care barriers to phenotype those at highest risk for recurrent acute care use within the adult population with chronic liver disease in the United States.The first paper, "Evaluation of the Extent of Health Care Barriers among Adults with Chronic Liver Disease vs. Other Chronic Diseases in the United States," compared estimates of any and the number of health care barriers and the association of recurrent acute care use by prevalence of barriers to care among adults with chronic liver disease versus those with cardiovascular disease and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Using a multivariable hurdle model, the study found that adults with chronic liver disease were significantly more likely to have any barriers to care (incident rate ratio, 1.12), but such a significant difference did not exist for the frequency of health care barriers. There was a dose-dependent relationship between likelihood of recurrent acute care use and prevalence of barriers to care. Inclusion of chronic liver disease as a high-risk group in future health policies that aim to improve access to care may help reduce challenges that persons with chronic liver disease encounter when seeking timely medical care and potentially reduce preventable acute care use. The second paper, "Identification of Hidden Phenotypes Using Self-Reported Barriers to Care to Predict Risk of Recurrent Hospitalization or Emergency Department Visits among Adults with Chronic Liver Disease in the United States," identified latent classes within the adult population with chronic liver disease using self-reported barriers to care and assessed each phenotype's likelihood of recurrent acute care use. The best fitting model to the data included four latent classes or phenotypes: minimal barriers, unaffordability, care delays, and inability to establish care. The study used a multivariable multinomial logistic regression model to identify likelihood of class membership. The unaffordability phenotype was significantly associated with younger age, fair or poor health, functional limitation due to health, and uninsurance. Membership in the care delays class was significantly associated with Hispanics, fair or poor health, and functional limitation due to health. The inability to establish care phenotype was significantly associated with younger age, female sex, functional limitation due to health, and non-private insurance. The inability to establish care group had the highest odds of recurrent acute care use, followed by the care delays and unaffordability groups. An emphasis on risk stratification using health care barriers can potentially help improve interventions that aim to reduce recurrent acute care use among adults with chronic liver disease, particularly for those who struggle to establish care.In summary, both chapters highlighted the prevalence of health care barriers and its association with recurrent acute care use for adults with chronic liver disease. Findings from the second chapter showed the consistent disparity in health care barriers for adults with chronic liver disease versus other chronic diseases and aimed to capture the attention of health policy makers to include chronic liver disease in future iterations of existing health policies or new programs that strive to improve outpatient care access to reduce preventable hospitalizations. The third chapter identified novel phenotypes of persons with chronic liver disease with different associated sociodemographic, health, and insurance characteristics and risks of recurrent acute care use. The third chapter also introduced the concept of using self-reported barriers to care as a way to risk stratify and allocate resources to the most vulnerable individuals with chronic liver disease. Both chapters intend to help improve health care access, reduce preventable acute care use, and potentially improve the morbidity and mortality trends among adults with chronic liver disease in the United States.
일반주제명  
Public health.
일반주제명  
Health sciences.
일반주제명  
Epidemiology.
키워드  
Barriers to care
키워드  
Chronic liver disease
키워드  
Health care access
키워드  
Cardiovascular disease
키워드  
Medical care
기타저자  
University of California, Los Angeles Health Policy and Management 007I
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-05B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aWong,  Carrie  Ruby.
■24510▼aBarriers  to  Care  Among  Adults  With  Chronic  Liver  Disease  in  the  United  States▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(145  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Bastani,  Roshan;Macinko,  James  A.,  Jr.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Los  Angeles,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aChronic  liver  disease  is  increasingly  prevalent  with  high  rates  of  morbidity  and  mortality,  yet  it  receives  less  attention  than  other  similar  chronic  diseases  such  as  cardiovascular  disease  and  chronic  obstructive  pulmonary  disease.  Barriers  to  timely  medical  care  may  preclude  diagnosis  and  management  and  thus,  exacerbate  potentially  avoidable  morbidity  and  mortality  for  persons  with  chronic  liver  disease.  This  dissertation  explored  the  extent  of  health  care  barriers  among  adults  with  chronic  liver  disease  compared  to  other  chronic  conditions  and  identified  latent  classes  derived  from  different  health  care  barriers  to  phenotype  those  at  highest  risk  for  recurrent  acute  care  use  within  the  adult  population  with  chronic  liver  disease  in  the  United  States.The  first  paper,  "Evaluation  of  the  Extent  of  Health  Care  Barriers  among  Adults  with  Chronic  Liver  Disease  vs.  Other  Chronic  Diseases  in  the  United  States,"  compared  estimates  of  any  and  the  number  of  health  care  barriers  and  the  association  of  recurrent  acute  care  use  by  prevalence  of  barriers  to  care  among  adults  with  chronic  liver  disease  versus  those  with  cardiovascular  disease  and/or  chronic  obstructive  pulmonary  disease.  Using  a  multivariable  hurdle  model,  the  study  found that  adults  with  chronic  liver  disease  were  significantly  more  likely  to  have  any  barriers  to  care  (incident  rate  ratio,  1.12),  but  such  a  significant  difference  did  not  exist  for  the  frequency  of  health  care  barriers.  There  was  a  dose-dependent  relationship  between  likelihood  of  recurrent  acute  care  use  and  prevalence  of  barriers  to  care.  Inclusion  of  chronic  liver  disease  as  a  high-risk  group  in  future  health  policies  that  aim  to  improve  access  to  care  may  help  reduce  challenges  that  persons  with  chronic  liver  disease  encounter  when  seeking  timely  medical  care  and  potentially  reduce  preventable  acute  care  use. The  second  paper,  "Identification  of  Hidden  Phenotypes  Using  Self-Reported  Barriers  to  Care  to  Predict  Risk  of  Recurrent  Hospitalization  or  Emergency  Department  Visits  among  Adults  with  Chronic  Liver  Disease  in  the  United  States,"  identified  latent  classes  within  the  adult  population  with  chronic  liver  disease  using  self-reported  barriers  to  care  and  assessed  each  phenotype's  likelihood  of  recurrent  acute  care  use.  The  best  fitting  model  to  the  data  included  four  latent  classes  or  phenotypes:  minimal  barriers,  unaffordability,  care  delays,  and  inability  to  establish  care.  The  study  used  a  multivariable  multinomial  logistic  regression  model  to  identify  likelihood  of  class  membership.  The  unaffordability  phenotype  was  significantly  associated  with  younger  age,  fair  or  poor  health,  functional  limitation  due  to  health,  and  uninsurance.  Membership  in  the  care  delays  class  was  significantly  associated  with  Hispanics,  fair  or  poor  health,  and  functional  limitation  due  to  health.  The  inability  to  establish  care  phenotype  was  significantly  associated  with  younger  age,  female  sex,  functional  limitation  due  to  health,  and  non-private  insurance.  The  inability  to  establish  care  group  had  the  highest  odds  of  recurrent  acute  care  use,  followed  by  the  care  delays  and  unaffordability  groups.  An  emphasis  on  risk  stratification  using  health  care  barriers  can  potentially  help  improve  interventions  that  aim  to  reduce  recurrent  acute  care  use  among  adults  with  chronic  liver  disease,  particularly  for  those  who  struggle  to  establish  care.In  summary,  both  chapters  highlighted  the  prevalence  of  health  care  barriers  and  its  association  with  recurrent  acute  care  use  for  adults  with  chronic  liver  disease.  Findings  from  the  second  chapter  showed  the  consistent  disparity  in  health  care  barriers  for  adults  with  chronic  liver  disease  versus  other  chronic  diseases  and  aimed  to  capture  the  attention  of  health  policy  makers  to  include  chronic  liver  disease  in  future  iterations  of  existing  health  policies  or  new  programs  that  strive  to  improve  outpatient  care  access  to  reduce  preventable  hospitalizations.  The  third  chapter  identified  novel  phenotypes  of  persons  with  chronic  liver  disease  with  different  associated  sociodemographic,  health,  and  insurance  characteristics  and  risks  of  recurrent  acute  care  use.  The  third  chapter  also  introduced  the  concept  of  using  self-reported  barriers  to  care  as  a  way  to  risk  stratify  and  allocate  resources  to  the  most  vulnerable  individuals  with  chronic  liver  disease.  Both  chapters  intend  to  help  improve  health  care  access,  reduce  preventable  acute  care  use,  and  potentially  improve  the  morbidity  and  mortality  trends  among  adults  with  chronic  liver  disease  in  the  United  States.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0031.
■650  4▼aPublic  health.
■650  4▼aHealth  sciences.
■650  4▼aEpidemiology.
■653    ▼aBarriers  to  care
■653    ▼aChronic  liver  disease
■653    ▼aHealth  care  access
■653    ▼aCardiovascular  disease
■653    ▼aMedical  care
■690    ▼a0573
■690    ▼a0566
■690    ▼a0766
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles▼bHealth  Policy  and  Management  007I.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-05B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0031
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16935367▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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