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Beyond Luck of the Draw: Uncovering Cell-Intrinsic Determinants in Reprogramming Somatic Cells to Pluripotency- [electronic resource]
Beyond Luck of the Draw: Uncovering Cell-Intrinsic Determinants in Reprogramming Somatic C...
Beyond Luck of the Draw: Uncovering Cell-Intrinsic Determinants in Reprogramming Somatic Cells to Pluripotency- [electronic resource]

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214100348
ISBN  
9798379755508
DDC  
575
저자명  
Jain, Naveen.
서명/저자  
Beyond Luck of the Draw: Uncovering Cell-Intrinsic Determinants in Reprogramming Somatic Cells to Pluripotency - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : University of Pennsylvania., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(198 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Raj, Arjun;Bartolomei, Marisa S.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Gene expression variability between genetically identical single cells, previously viewed as random noise, can drive functional biological behaviors. These phenotypes, remarkably, can even be dictated by transient differences in a handful of key genes. Currently, we know little of how gene expression variability may affect reprogramming somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by expression of the four "Yamanaka" factors of OCT4, KLF4, SOX2, and MYC (OKSM). Even in homogenous conditions in isogenic cells, only a very rare (1%) subset of cells admit reprogramming, and the characteristics of this subset remain unknown. The prevailing view is that this subset is determined by random chance, mediated by the probabilistic binding and activity of the OKSM factors early in reprogramming. However, recent demonstrations that related cells share the same reprogramming outcome implies the existence of pre-existing, intrinsic differences that drive reprogramming fates and that are heritable across cell division. Here, we leverage a retrospective clone tracing method to identify and characterize individual human fibroblast cells "primed" to become iPSCs in the initial population before exposure to OKSM. These primed fibroblasts showed gene expression markers of increased cell cycle speed and decreased fibroblast activation, both of which we demonstrate directly affect reprogramming outcomes. Furthermore, knockdown of a fibroblast activation factor identified by our analysis led to increased reprogramming efficiency, identifying it as a barrier to reprogramming. Changing the frequency of reprogramming by inhibiting the activity of epigenetic modifiers led to an enlarging of the pool of cells that were primed for reprogramming, indicating that the primed state is not fixed but context-dependent. Our results show that even homogeneous cell populations can exhibit heritable molecular variability that can dictate whether individual rare cells will reprogram or not. Furthermore, we provide evidence in support of a model of reprogramming that is predominantly deterministic instead of stochastic.
일반주제명  
Genetics.
일반주제명  
Cellular biology.
일반주제명  
Molecular biology.
키워드  
Somatic cells
키워드  
Pluripotency
키워드  
Cell-intrinsic determinants
키워드  
Gene expression
기타저자  
University of Pennsylvania Cell and Molecular Biology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 84-12B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■00520240214100348
■006m          o    d                
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020    ▼a9798379755508
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30426753
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a575
■1001  ▼aJain,  Naveen.
■24510▼aBeyond  Luck  of  the  Draw:  Uncovering  Cell-Intrinsic  Determinants  in  Reprogramming  Somatic  Cells  to  Pluripotency▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity  of  Pennsylvania.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(198  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  84-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Raj,  Arjun;Bartolomei,  Marisa  S.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Pennsylvania,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aGene  expression  variability  between  genetically  identical  single  cells,  previously  viewed  as  random  noise,  can  drive  functional  biological  behaviors.  These  phenotypes,  remarkably,  can  even  be  dictated  by  transient  differences  in  a  handful  of  key  genes.  Currently,  we  know  little  of  how  gene  expression  variability  may  affect  reprogramming  somatic  cells  into  induced  pluripotent  stem  cells  (iPSCs)  by  expression  of  the  four  "Yamanaka"  factors  of  OCT4,  KLF4,  SOX2,  and  MYC  (OKSM).  Even  in  homogenous  conditions  in  isogenic  cells,  only  a  very  rare  (1%)  subset  of  cells  admit  reprogramming,  and  the  characteristics  of  this  subset  remain  unknown.  The  prevailing  view  is  that  this  subset  is  determined  by  random  chance,  mediated  by  the  probabilistic  binding  and  activity  of  the  OKSM  factors  early  in  reprogramming.  However,  recent  demonstrations  that  related  cells  share  the  same  reprogramming  outcome  implies  the  existence  of  pre-existing,  intrinsic  differences  that  drive  reprogramming  fates  and  that  are  heritable  across  cell  division.  Here,  we  leverage  a  retrospective  clone  tracing  method  to  identify  and  characterize  individual  human  fibroblast  cells  "primed"  to  become  iPSCs  in  the  initial  population  before  exposure  to  OKSM.  These  primed  fibroblasts  showed  gene  expression  markers  of  increased  cell  cycle  speed  and  decreased  fibroblast  activation,  both  of  which  we  demonstrate  directly  affect  reprogramming  outcomes.  Furthermore,  knockdown  of  a  fibroblast  activation  factor  identified  by  our  analysis  led  to  increased  reprogramming  efficiency,  identifying  it  as  a  barrier  to  reprogramming.  Changing  the  frequency  of  reprogramming  by  inhibiting  the  activity  of  epigenetic  modifiers  led  to  an  enlarging  of  the  pool  of  cells  that  were  primed  for  reprogramming,  indicating  that  the  primed  state  is  not  fixed  but  context-dependent.  Our  results  show  that  even  homogeneous  cell  populations  can  exhibit  heritable  molecular  variability  that  can  dictate  whether  individual  rare  cells  will  reprogram  or  not.  Furthermore,  we  provide  evidence  in  support  of  a  model  of  reprogramming  that  is  predominantly  deterministic  instead  of  stochastic.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0175.
■650  4▼aGenetics.
■650  4▼aCellular  biology.
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology.
■653    ▼aSomatic  cells
■653    ▼aPluripotency
■653    ▼aCell-intrinsic  determinants
■653    ▼aGene  expression
■690    ▼a0369
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0307
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Pennsylvania▼bCell  and  Molecular  Biology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g84-12B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0175
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16931921▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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