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The Inner TuRMoiL of Cloud-Wind Interactions in Galactic Outflows- [electronic resource]
The Inner TuRMoiL of Cloud-Wind Interactions in Galactic Outflows - [electronic resource]
The Inner TuRMoiL of Cloud-Wind Interactions in Galactic Outflows- [electronic resource]

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101636
ISBN  
9798380102247
DDC  
520
저자명  
Abruzzo, Matthew William.
서명/저자  
The Inner TuRMoiL of Cloud-Wind Interactions in Galactic Outflows - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : Columbia University., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(168 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Bryan, Greg.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Cloud-wind interactions play an important role in long-lived multiphase flows in various galaxy-related contexts (e.g., galactic fountains and winds, cosmological cold-mode accretion, or multiphase tails of satellites). These interactions occur when a volume-filling hot phase, the wind, moves relative to a cool pressure-confined body of gas, the cloud. The conditions necessary for clouds to survive the destructive effects of mixing and become entrained within the wind (i.e. for the relative velocity to be removed), has been a long-standing problem. This problem has received particular attention in the context of galactic winds: cloud entrainment is expected to play a critical role in explaining observed multiphase structure in these outflows. This thesis investigates a mechanism for facilitating cloud survival in the context of rapid cooling, which we hereafter term TRML (turbulent radiative mixing layer) entrainment. Our investigation leverages numerical (magneto)hydrodynamic ENZO-E simulations of a cool (≤104 K) clouds that encounter a hot (≥106 K), supersonic winds.We begin by introducing a simple entropy-based formalism to characterize the role of mixing in cloud-wind interactions, and demonstrate example applications using simulations. Under this formalism, the high-dimensional description of the interaction's state at a given time is simplified to the joint distribution of mass over pressure (P) and entropy (K=Pρ-γ ). As a result, this approach provides a way for (empirically and analytically) quantifying the impact of different initial conditions and sets of physics on the interaction's evolution. We find that mixing predominantly alters the distribution along the K direction and illustrate how the formalism can be used to model mixing and cooling for fluid elements originating in the cloud. We further confirm and generalize a previously suggested survival criterion for clouds undergoing TRML entrainment, and demonstrate that the shape of the cooling curve, particularly at the low temperature end, can play an important role in controlling condensation. Moreover, we discuss the capacity of our approach to generalize such a criterion to apply to additional sets of physics, and to build intuition for the impact of subtle higher order effects not directly addressed by the criterion.Despite the fact that the competition the between turbulent mixing and radiative cooling dictate the outcome of the cloud-wind interaction (as well as many observable properties), turbulence in these interactions remains poorly understood. Thus, we next investigate the turbulence that arises for clouds undergoing TRML entrainment. To obtain robust results, we employ multiple metrics to characterize the turbulent velocity, νturb. We find four primary results. First, νturb manifests clear temperature dependence. Initially, νturb roughly matches the scaling of sound speed on temperature. In gas hotter than the temperature where cooling peaks, this dependence weakens with time until νturb is constant. Second, the relative velocity between the cloud and wind initially drives rapid growth of νturb. As it drops (from entrainment), νturb starts to decay before it stabilizes at roughly half its maximum. At late times cooling flows appear to support turbulence. Third, the magnitude of νturb scales with the ratio between the hot phase sound crossing time and the minimum cooling time. Finally, we find tentative evidence for a length-scale associated with resolving turbulence. Under-resolving this scale may cause violent shattering and affect the cloud's large-scale morphological properties.Finally, we propose a new criterion for clouds to survive interactions with the wind in the via TRML entrainment, and validate it with simulations. Properties of TRML entrainment are generally understood to be controlled by ratio between the relevant dynamical and cooling timescales τdyn/τcool. Previously proposed survival criteria disagree about the size of the smallest surviving cloud by factors of up to ∼100. These criteria primarily differ in their choice of τcool; perplexingly, the choices most consistent with the well-modeled micro-scale physics observed in shear-layer studies are associated with less-accurate criteria. We present a new criterion which agrees with previous fitting formulae but is based on a set of simple physical principles. Whereas prior criteria link τdyn with the cloud destruction timescale, our new criterion links it to the characteristic cloud-crossing timescale of a hot-phase fluid element. This choice leads to scaling relations that are more physically consistent with shear-layer studies. Additionally, we illustrate that discrepancies among previous criteria primarily emerged due to the choices of simulation conditions, rather than commonly-cited differences in the definition of cloud destruction.
일반주제명  
Astronomy.
일반주제명  
Astrophysics.
일반주제명  
Computational physics.
키워드  
Circumgalactic medium
키워드  
Galactic winds
키워드  
Halo
키워드  
Hydrodynamics
키워드  
TRML entrainment
기타저자  
Columbia University Astronomy
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-02B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■001000016934635
■00520240214101636
■006m          o    d                
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020    ▼a9798380102247
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30631765
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a520
■1001  ▼aAbruzzo,  Matthew  William.
■24510▼aThe  Inner  TuRMoiL  of  Cloud-Wind  Interactions  in  Galactic  Outflows▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bColumbia  University.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(168  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Bryan,  Greg.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aCloud-wind  interactions  play  an  important  role  in  long-lived  multiphase  flows  in  various  galaxy-related  contexts  (e.g.,  galactic  fountains  and  winds,  cosmological  cold-mode  accretion,  or  multiphase  tails  of  satellites).  These  interactions  occur  when  a  volume-filling  hot  phase,  the  wind,  moves  relative  to  a  cool  pressure-confined  body  of  gas,  the  cloud.  The  conditions  necessary  for  clouds  to  survive  the  destructive  effects  of  mixing  and  become  entrained  within  the  wind  (i.e.  for  the  relative  velocity  to  be  removed),  has  been  a  long-standing  problem.  This  problem  has  received  particular  attention  in  the  context  of  galactic  winds:  cloud  entrainment  is  expected  to  play  a  critical  role  in  explaining  observed  multiphase  structure  in  these  outflows.  This  thesis  investigates  a  mechanism  for  facilitating  cloud  survival  in  the  context  of  rapid  cooling,  which  we  hereafter  term  TRML  (turbulent  radiative  mixing  layer)  entrainment.  Our  investigation  leverages  numerical  (magneto)hydrodynamic  ENZO-E  simulations  of  a  cool  (≤104  K)  clouds  that  encounter  a  hot  (≥106  K),  supersonic  winds.We  begin  by  introducing  a  simple  entropy-based  formalism  to  characterize  the  role  of  mixing  in  cloud-wind  interactions,  and  demonstrate  example  applications  using  simulations.  Under  this  formalism,  the  high-dimensional  description  of  the  interaction's  state  at  a  given  time  is  simplified  to  the  joint  distribution  of  mass  over  pressure  (P)  and  entropy  (K=Pρ-γ  ).  As  a  result,  this  approach  provides  a  way  for  (empirically  and  analytically)  quantifying  the  impact  of  different  initial  conditions  and  sets  of  physics  on  the  interaction's  evolution.  We  find  that  mixing  predominantly  alters  the  distribution  along  the  K  direction  and  illustrate  how  the  formalism  can  be  used  to  model  mixing  and  cooling  for  fluid  elements  originating  in  the  cloud.  We  further  confirm  and  generalize  a  previously  suggested  survival  criterion  for  clouds  undergoing  TRML  entrainment,  and  demonstrate  that  the  shape  of  the  cooling  curve,  particularly  at  the  low  temperature  end,  can  play  an  important  role  in  controlling  condensation.  Moreover,  we  discuss  the  capacity  of  our  approach  to  generalize  such  a  criterion  to  apply  to  additional  sets  of  physics,  and  to  build  intuition  for  the  impact  of  subtle  higher  order  effects  not  directly  addressed  by  the  criterion.Despite  the  fact  that  the  competition  the  between  turbulent  mixing  and  radiative  cooling  dictate  the  outcome  of  the  cloud-wind  interaction  (as  well  as  many  observable  properties),  turbulence  in  these  interactions  remains  poorly  understood.  Thus,  we  next  investigate  the  turbulence  that  arises  for  clouds  undergoing  TRML  entrainment.  To  obtain  robust  results,  we  employ  multiple  metrics  to  characterize  the  turbulent  velocity,  νturb.  We  find  four  primary  results.  First,  νturb  manifests  clear  temperature  dependence.  Initially,  νturb  roughly  matches  the  scaling  of  sound  speed  on  temperature.  In  gas  hotter  than  the  temperature  where  cooling  peaks,  this  dependence  weakens  with  time  until  νturb  is  constant.  Second,  the  relative  velocity  between  the  cloud  and  wind  initially  drives  rapid  growth  of  νturb.  As  it  drops  (from  entrainment),  νturb  starts  to  decay  before  it  stabilizes  at  roughly  half  its  maximum.  At  late  times  cooling  flows  appear  to  support  turbulence.  Third,  the  magnitude  of  νturb  scales  with  the  ratio  between  the  hot  phase  sound  crossing  time  and  the  minimum  cooling  time.  Finally,  we  find  tentative  evidence  for  a  length-scale  associated  with  resolving  turbulence.  Under-resolving  this  scale  may  cause  violent  shattering  and  affect  the  cloud's  large-scale  morphological  properties.Finally,  we  propose  a  new  criterion  for  clouds  to  survive  interactions  with  the  wind  in  the  via  TRML  entrainment,  and  validate  it  with  simulations.  Properties  of  TRML  entrainment  are  generally  understood  to  be  controlled  by  ratio  between  the  relevant  dynamical  and  cooling  timescales  τdyn/τcool.  Previously  proposed  survival  criteria  disagree  about  the  size  of  the  smallest  surviving  cloud  by  factors  of  up  to  ∼100.  These  criteria  primarily  differ  in  their  choice  of  τcool;  perplexingly,  the  choices  most  consistent  with  the  well-modeled  micro-scale  physics  observed  in  shear-layer  studies  are  associated  with  less-accurate  criteria.  We  present  a  new  criterion  which  agrees  with  previous  fitting  formulae  but  is  based  on  a  set  of  simple  physical  principles.  Whereas  prior  criteria  link  τdyn  with  the  cloud  destruction  timescale,  our  new  criterion  links  it  to  the  characteristic  cloud-crossing  timescale  of  a  hot-phase  fluid  element.  This  choice  leads  to  scaling  relations  that  are  more  physically  consistent  with  shear-layer  studies.  Additionally,  we  illustrate  that  discrepancies  among  previous  criteria  primarily  emerged  due  to  the  choices  of  simulation  conditions,  rather  than  commonly-cited  differences  in  the  definition  of  cloud  destruction.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0054.
■650  4▼aAstronomy.
■650  4▼aAstrophysics.
■650  4▼aComputational  physics.
■653    ▼aCircumgalactic  medium
■653    ▼aGalactic  winds
■653    ▼aHalo
■653    ▼aHydrodynamics
■653    ▼aTRML  entrainment
■690    ▼a0606
■690    ▼a0596
■690    ▼a0216
■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bAstronomy.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-02B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0054
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16934635▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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