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Essays in Applied Microeconomics- [electronic resource]
Essays in Applied Microeconomics - [electronic resource]
Essays in Applied Microeconomics- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214100059
ISBN  
9798379711450
DDC  
371.3078
저자명  
Comey, Matthew Lyman.
서명/저자  
Essays in Applied Microeconomics - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : Cornell University., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(197 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Lovenheim, Michael.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation is composed of three separate papers in applied microeconomics. In Chapter 1, I study the extent to which the expansion of post-secondary career and technical education (CTE) at the sub-baccalaureate level has led to downward pressure on wages through labor supply effects. I construct a new measure of CTE education supply, which is unique by year, occupation, and metropolitan statistical area, and link the measure to wage data from the American Community Survey. I estimate the causal effect of education supply on wages via a regression analysis that controls for unobserved labor demand with a shift-share instrumental variables strategy paired with flexible fixed effects. The instrument is strongly predictive of actual supply and plausibly removes the influence of within-occupation shifts in labor demand that may be related to growth in linked instructional programs. Across a variety of specifications and sample restrictions, I find that CTE education supply has virtually no effect on wages. My findings are especially relevant given a surge in policy interest in free community college programs.In Chapter 2, I study the causal relationship between a state's average personal income tax rate and the size of its tax base, as measured by population, income, and income per capita. In doing so, I make important methodological improvements to past studies of state tax policy and growth. First, I simulate each state's income tax schedule with respect to the national income distribution, in contrast to measuring average income tax rates using each state's endogenously-determined own income distribution. Second, I estimate growth effects using discrete tax policy reforms and a difference-in-differences design. This allows for a clearer formulation of identification assumptions compared to specifications common in the prior literature. I show that tax reforms tend to follow substantial downward trends in the size of the tax base relative to control states, suggesting that these reforms are endogenous. After adjusting for selection effects using an inverse probability of treatment weighting procedure, I find that average income tax rate reforms have asymmetric effects, with tax cuts increasing growth more than tax raises decrease growth.In Chapter 3, joint with Zhuan Pei and Amanda Eng, we study the identification of characteristics of units who benefit from random treatment assignment, a group we call supercompliers. In a binary-treatment instrumental variable framework, we define supercompliers as the subpopulation whose treatment take-up positively responds to eligibility and whose outcome positively responds to take-up. Supercompliers are the only subpopulation to benefit from treatment eligibility and, hence, are of great policy interest. Given a set of jointly testable assumptions and a binary outcome, we can completely identify the characteristics of supercompliers. Specifically, we require the standard assumptions from the local average treatment effect literature along with an outcome monotonicity assumption (i.e., treatment is weakly beneficial). We can estimate and conduct inference on supercomplier characteristics using standard instrumental variable regression.
키워드  
Causal identification
키워드  
Econometrics
키워드  
Public economics
키워드  
Taxation
키워드  
Microeconomics
기타저자  
Cornell University Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 84-12A.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■020    ▼a9798379711450
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30417768
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a371.3078
■1001  ▼aComey,  Matthew  Lyman.▼0(orcid)0009-0006-7705-2847
■24510▼aEssays  in  Applied  Microeconomics▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bCornell  University.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(197  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  84-12,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Lovenheim,  Michael.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Cornell  University,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  is  composed  of  three  separate  papers  in  applied  microeconomics.  In  Chapter  1,  I  study  the  extent  to  which  the  expansion  of  post-secondary  career  and  technical  education  (CTE)  at  the  sub-baccalaureate  level  has  led  to  downward  pressure  on  wages  through  labor  supply  effects.  I  construct  a  new  measure  of  CTE  education  supply,  which  is  unique  by  year,  occupation,  and  metropolitan  statistical  area,  and  link  the  measure  to  wage  data  from  the  American  Community  Survey.  I  estimate  the  causal  effect  of  education  supply  on  wages  via  a  regression  analysis  that  controls  for  unobserved  labor  demand  with  a  shift-share  instrumental  variables  strategy  paired  with  flexible  fixed  effects.  The  instrument  is  strongly  predictive  of  actual  supply  and  plausibly  removes  the  influence  of  within-occupation  shifts  in  labor  demand  that  may  be  related  to  growth  in  linked  instructional  programs.  Across  a  variety  of  specifications  and  sample  restrictions,  I  find  that  CTE  education  supply  has  virtually  no  effect  on  wages.  My  findings  are  especially  relevant  given  a  surge  in  policy  interest  in  free  community  college  programs.In  Chapter  2,  I  study  the  causal  relationship  between  a  state's  average  personal  income  tax  rate  and  the  size  of  its  tax  base,  as  measured  by  population,  income,  and  income  per  capita.  In  doing  so,  I  make  important  methodological  improvements  to  past  studies  of  state  tax  policy  and  growth.  First,  I  simulate  each  state's  income  tax  schedule  with  respect  to  the  national  income  distribution,  in  contrast  to  measuring  average  income  tax  rates  using  each  state's  endogenously-determined  own  income  distribution.  Second,  I  estimate  growth  effects  using  discrete  tax  policy  reforms  and  a  difference-in-differences  design.  This  allows  for  a  clearer  formulation  of  identification  assumptions  compared  to  specifications  common  in  the  prior  literature.  I  show  that  tax  reforms  tend  to  follow  substantial  downward  trends  in  the  size  of  the  tax  base  relative  to  control  states,  suggesting  that  these  reforms  are  endogenous.  After  adjusting  for  selection  effects  using  an  inverse  probability  of  treatment  weighting  procedure,  I  find  that  average  income  tax  rate  reforms  have  asymmetric  effects,  with  tax  cuts  increasing  growth  more  than  tax  raises  decrease  growth.In  Chapter  3,  joint  with  Zhuan  Pei  and  Amanda  Eng,  we  study  the  identification  of  characteristics  of  units  who  benefit  from  random  treatment  assignment,  a  group  we  call  supercompliers.  In  a  binary-treatment  instrumental  variable  framework,  we  define  supercompliers  as  the  subpopulation  whose  treatment  take-up  positively  responds  to  eligibility  and  whose  outcome  positively  responds  to  take-up.  Supercompliers  are  the  only  subpopulation  to  benefit  from  treatment  eligibility  and,  hence,  are  of  great  policy  interest.  Given  a  set  of  jointly  testable  assumptions  and  a  binary  outcome,  we  can  completely  identify  the  characteristics  of  supercompliers.  Specifically,  we  require  the  standard  assumptions  from  the  local  average  treatment  effect  literature  along  with  an  outcome  monotonicity  assumption  (i.e.,  treatment  is  weakly  beneficial).  We  can  estimate  and  conduct  inference  on  supercomplier  characteristics  using  standard  instrumental  variable  regression.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0058.
■653    ▼aCausal  identification
■653    ▼aEconometrics
■653    ▼aPublic  economics
■653    ▼aTaxation
■653    ▼aMicroeconomics
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0510
■690    ▼a0511
■71020▼aCornell  University▼bEconomics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g84-12A.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0058
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16931659▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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