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Predator Cues Induce Transgenerational Behavioral Plasticity in the Wolf Spider Schizocosa ocreata (Araneae: Lycosidae)- [electronic resource]
Predator Cues Induce Transgenerational Behavioral Plasticity in the Wolf Spider Schizocosa...
Predator Cues Induce Transgenerational Behavioral Plasticity in the Wolf Spider Schizocosa ocreata (Araneae: Lycosidae)- [electronic resource]

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214101939
ISBN  
9798380199681
DDC  
574.5
저자명  
Sidoti, Salvatore A.
서명/저자  
Predator Cues Induce Transgenerational Behavioral Plasticity in the Wolf Spider Schizocosa ocreata (Araneae: Lycosidae) - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : The Ohio State University., 2022
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2022
형태사항  
1 online resource(147 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Gershman, Susan;Ludsin, Stuart.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Ohio State University, 2022.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Many animals live in a heterogeneous landscape of predation, with consequences that include changes in behavior, morphology, and physiology. While we understand much about how predation directly impacts prey phenotypes, our understanding of its indirect effects on the phenotypic attributes of prey are quickly becoming a subject of intense study. It has been shown that merely the risk of predation could alter the behavioral phenotype of prey, which in turn, could influence their reproductive fitness. Thus, the behavioral phenotypes in the parental generation are a potential target for natural selection. Because such traits are often heritable, predation risk could indirectly shape the phenotype of subsequent generations of prey through genetic change. Prior work has focused on the ability of organisms to evolve or alter the expression of traits (phenotypic plasticity) in response to environmental changes. Yet, there is now copious evidence that demonstrates how the environment can induce non-genetic phenotypic changes that span multiple generations. Such 'transgenerational plasticity' occurs when the environment experienced by parents alters the phenotypes of subsequent generations. Transgenerational responses have been documented in many organisms for a variety of environmental factors and are postulated to have far-reaching consequences for population dynamics, community interactions and the rate and direction of evolutionary change. Nonetheless, despite widespread attention on the existence of transgenerational plasticity, our understanding of how behavior can be altered transgenerationally in responses to predation risk in the parental generation remains limited.My research has sought to test the hypothesis that predation risk in the maternal environment can drive transgenerational behavioral plasticity through maternal effects. I used an intraguild predator-prey system consisting of two wolf spiders. Tigrosa helluo served as the predator, with Schizocosa ocreata being the prey species. I conducted three experiments in the laboratory where each focused on a unique biological question, but all were similar in that I created two treatments: one with perceived predation risk and one without. After mating, I allowed mature S. ocreata females to reside within a chamber that either contained the cues of T. helluo (e.g., excreta containing remnants of S. ocreata; silk draglines), or a container free of predator cues. I then monitored the behaviors of first-generation (F1) offspring after they reached maturity.The focus of Chapter 2 was aggression. I found heightened aggression in the offspring and sex-specific effects with female offspring being more aggressive than males (Chapter 2). In Chapter 3, I investigated neophobia, or an aversion towards novel stimuli. I found that the offspring (especially females) of mothers that were exposed to predator cues showed increased freeze durations, reduced exploration behavior, and fewer forays into unexplored regions of the test arena relative to offspring of mothers not exposed to predator cues (Chapter 3). The focus of Chapter 4 was to investigate boldness to aversive stimuli. I observed reduced boldness in the predator treatment group irrespective of sex and differences in the repeatability of these behaviors between males and females (Chapter 4).We live at a time in which humans routinely stress the natural world. The environmental changes associated with human activities can potentially affect all aspects of a population's habitat, which include changes in predation risk. Faced with such widespread and rapid changes on our planet, a more complete understanding of the drivers of maternal effects may offer a means for us to predict the consequences of transgenerational phenotypic variation and their collective contributions to species survival.
일반주제명  
Ecology.
일반주제명  
Biology.
일반주제명  
Morphology.
일반주제명  
Genetics.
키워드  
Maternal effects
키워드  
Transgenerational plasticity
키워드  
Epigenetic
키워드  
Predation
키워드  
Prey phenotypes
기타저자  
The Ohio State University Evolution Ecology and Organismal Biology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-03B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■020    ▼a9798380199681
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30725349
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)OhioLINKosu1671025546311887
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a574.5
■1001  ▼aSidoti,  Salvatore  A.
■24510▼aPredator  Cues  Induce  Transgenerational  Behavioral  Plasticity  in  the  Wolf  Spider  Schizocosa  ocreata  (Araneae:  Lycosidae)▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bThe  Ohio  State  University.  ▼c2022
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2022
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(147  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Gershman,  Susan;Ludsin,  Stuart.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  Ohio  State  University,  2022.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aMany  animals  live  in  a  heterogeneous  landscape  of  predation,  with  consequences  that  include  changes  in  behavior,  morphology,  and  physiology.  While  we  understand  much  about  how  predation  directly  impacts  prey  phenotypes,  our  understanding  of  its  indirect  effects  on  the  phenotypic  attributes  of  prey  are  quickly  becoming  a  subject  of  intense  study.  It  has  been  shown  that  merely  the  risk  of  predation  could  alter  the  behavioral  phenotype  of  prey,  which  in  turn,  could  influence  their  reproductive  fitness.  Thus,  the  behavioral  phenotypes  in  the  parental  generation  are  a  potential  target  for  natural  selection.  Because  such  traits  are  often  heritable,  predation  risk  could  indirectly  shape  the  phenotype  of  subsequent  generations  of  prey  through  genetic  change.  Prior  work  has  focused  on  the  ability  of  organisms  to  evolve  or  alter  the  expression  of  traits  (phenotypic  plasticity)  in  response  to  environmental  changes.  Yet,  there  is  now  copious  evidence  that  demonstrates  how  the  environment  can  induce  non-genetic  phenotypic  changes  that  span  multiple  generations.  Such  'transgenerational  plasticity'  occurs  when  the  environment  experienced  by  parents  alters  the  phenotypes  of  subsequent  generations.  Transgenerational  responses  have  been  documented  in  many  organisms  for  a  variety  of  environmental  factors  and  are  postulated  to  have  far-reaching  consequences  for  population  dynamics,  community  interactions  and  the  rate  and  direction  of  evolutionary  change.  Nonetheless,  despite  widespread  attention  on  the  existence  of  transgenerational  plasticity,  our  understanding  of  how  behavior  can  be  altered  transgenerationally  in  responses  to  predation  risk  in  the  parental  generation  remains  limited.My  research  has  sought  to  test  the  hypothesis  that  predation  risk  in  the  maternal  environment  can  drive  transgenerational  behavioral  plasticity  through  maternal  effects.  I  used  an  intraguild  predator-prey  system  consisting  of  two  wolf  spiders.  Tigrosa  helluo  served  as  the  predator,  with  Schizocosa  ocreata  being  the  prey  species.  I  conducted  three  experiments  in  the  laboratory  where  each  focused  on  a  unique  biological  question,  but  all  were  similar  in  that  I  created  two  treatments:  one  with  perceived  predation  risk  and  one  without.  After  mating,  I  allowed  mature  S.  ocreata  females  to  reside  within  a  chamber  that  either  contained  the  cues  of  T.  helluo  (e.g.,  excreta  containing  remnants  of  S.  ocreata;  silk  draglines),  or  a  container  free  of  predator  cues.  I  then  monitored  the  behaviors  of  first-generation  (F1)  offspring  after  they  reached  maturity.The  focus  of  Chapter  2  was  aggression.  I  found  heightened  aggression  in  the  offspring  and  sex-specific  effects  with  female  offspring  being  more  aggressive  than  males  (Chapter  2).  In  Chapter  3,  I investigated  neophobia,  or  an  aversion  towards  novel  stimuli.  I  found  that  the  offspring  (especially  females)  of  mothers  that  were  exposed  to  predator  cues  showed  increased  freeze  durations,  reduced  exploration  behavior,  and  fewer  forays  into  unexplored  regions  of  the  test  arena  relative  to  offspring  of  mothers  not  exposed  to  predator  cues  (Chapter  3).  The  focus  of  Chapter  4  was  to  investigate  boldness  to  aversive  stimuli.  I  observed  reduced  boldness  in  the  predator  treatment  group  irrespective  of  sex  and  differences  in  the  repeatability  of  these  behaviors  between  males  and  females  (Chapter  4).We  live  at  a  time  in  which  humans  routinely  stress  the  natural  world.  The  environmental  changes  associated  with  human  activities  can  potentially  affect  all  aspects  of  a  population's  habitat,  which  include  changes  in  predation  risk.  Faced  with  such  widespread  and  rapid  changes  on  our  planet,  a  more  complete  understanding  of  the  drivers  of  maternal  effects  may  offer  a  means  for  us  to  predict  the  consequences  of  transgenerational  phenotypic  variation  and  their  collective  contributions  to  species  survival.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0168.
■650  4▼aEcology.
■650  4▼aBiology.
■650  4▼aMorphology.
■650  4▼aGenetics.
■653    ▼aMaternal  effects
■653    ▼aTransgenerational  plasticity
■653    ▼aEpigenetic
■653    ▼aPredation
■653    ▼aPrey  phenotypes
■690    ▼a0329
■690    ▼a0306
■690    ▼a0287
■690    ▼a0369
■71020▼aThe  Ohio  State  University▼bEvolution,  Ecology  and  Organismal  Biology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-03B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0168
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2022
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16935494▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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