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Not Just a (Morally) Dumb Jock: What Athletes Can Teach Us About the Complexity of Decision-Making About Aggression- [electronic resource]
Not Just a (Morally) Dumb Jock: What Athletes Can Teach Us About the Complexity of Decisio...
Not Just a (Morally) Dumb Jock: What Athletes Can Teach Us About the Complexity of Decision-Making About Aggression- [electronic resource]

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자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214100458
ISBN  
9798380381260
DDC  
136
저자명  
Banas, Kristin Amy.
서명/저자  
Not Just a (Morally) Dumb Jock: What Athletes Can Teach Us About the Complexity of Decision-Making About Aggression - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : University of California, Berkeley., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(114 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Turiel, Elliot.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Sport provides a unique context for the inquiry of moral decision-making about aggression as, in many ways, it is a space of sanctioned violence (e.g., tackling someone to the ground in American football), and its highly physical and highly competitive activities require that one thinks about the use of physical force on others and on oneself. Sport's position as a bounded, largely voluntary activity also makes it ideal for studying the ways in which rules and authority, personal choice and consent, and the goals, purposes, expectations, and consequences of an activity factor into an individual's reasoning about aggression and harm.Over the last four decades, there have been a small but growing number of studies that have looked at moral reasoning in the context of sport. Using frameworks such as social learning theory (Bandura, 1973, 1991) or Kohlberg's stage theory of moral development (Kohlberg, 1969), these studies regularly concluded that athletes, particularly those playing contact sports, used less mature forms of moral reasoning and were more approving of aggression than their non-athlete peers, and that the context of sport itself encouraged cheating and other harmful behavior in an effort to win. Two prominent explanations for this degradation in apparent moral aptitude in sport are moral disengagement (the use of rationalizations to separate oneself from the types of self-sanctions that typically dissuade individuals from immoral behavior; Bandura, 1999; Stanger et al., 2013) and bracketed morality (an alternative moral code that prioritizes self-oriented goals over the welfare and rights of others; Bredemeier & Shields, 1995). While this research has pointed to the idea that there is something different about the ways people reason about aggression in the context of sport, the overall conclusions that these researchers make about the moral reasoning of athletes oversimplifies the reasoning processes of individuals and the realities of learning and development in the context of sport, creating a deficit lens that contributes to harmful stereotypes particularly about the athletes of color who make up many high-contact sports.Using the alternative model of moral decision-making set forth by social domain theory (Turiel, 1983), this study re-examined the claims of previous researchers in an effort to survey the ways people make decisions about morally salient events like aggression, in highly physical contexts like sport. Social domain theory posits that people consider moral issues such as rights, fairness, and the welfare of others as important, prescriptive matters while also recognizing that when making decisions about the social environment, sometimes these concerns must be coordinated with other domains such as social and personal concerns. The first aim of the present study is to illustrate and get clarity on this process of making decisions about aggression as it plays out in the context of sport and understand the role context itself plays in moral decision-making. A second aim is to highlight the ways people first make meaning of their social environments and how such processes may transform even interpretations of what one considers harmful in a given context. A third aim is to compare reasoning across demographic groups, including sport experience, to see the ways prior experience impacts reasoning about physical aggression, both in and out of sport contexts.To do this, the present research used semi-structured interviews of 109 participants between the ages of 18 and 25 (M = 20.7 years; 52% female) of varying degrees of prior sport experience (33% non-athletes; 37% moderate athletes, and 29% elite, contact-sport athletes) to gather participants' sense-making, evaluations, and justifications about acts of physical aggression (pain-causing hard pushes) that take place in social situations across sport and non-sport contexts.Results showed that while more participants approved of aggression in the sport context more than in the non-sport context in the abstract, when participants were given details that specified the intention and rationale behind the hard push, differences between contexts largely collapsed, with the majority of participants disapproving of the act of hard pushing across the situations in both sport and non-sport settings. Contrary to the findings of previous studies, there were no significant differences in the approval of hard pushing across the sport experience groups, though there existed some evidence that the contact-sport elite athletes interpreted the situations in the sport context differently than the other participant groups and that this had to do with the knowledge they have gained from playing sports at a high level for many years. Findings also showed that participants, including athletes, considered and often prioritized the integrity of the game, the importance of fairness, and the welfare of others, refuting previous conclusions about bracketed morality and moral disengagement. Lastly, the study showed ways that context and previous experience can transform the meaning of certain acts, rendering something like a hard push morally benign, given certain parameters. These findings have implications for the field of moral development, the understanding of decision-making about aggression, and the treatment of athletes.
일반주제명  
Developmental psychology.
일반주제명  
Educational psychology.
일반주제명  
Physical education.
키워드  
Moral development
키워드  
Sports
키워드  
Athletes
키워드  
Aggression
키워드  
Personal choice
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Education
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-03B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■0820  ▼a136
■1001  ▼aBanas,  Kristin  Amy.
■24510▼aNot  Just  a  (Morally)  Dumb  Jock:  What  Athletes  Can  Teach  Us  About  the  Complexity  of  Decision-Making  About  Aggression▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(114  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Turiel,  Elliot.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aSport  provides  a  unique  context  for  the  inquiry  of  moral  decision-making  about  aggression  as,  in  many  ways,  it  is  a  space  of  sanctioned  violence  (e.g.,  tackling  someone  to  the  ground  in  American  football),  and  its  highly  physical  and  highly  competitive  activities  require  that  one  thinks  about  the  use  of  physical  force  on  others  and  on  oneself.  Sport's  position  as  a  bounded,  largely  voluntary  activity  also  makes  it  ideal  for  studying  the  ways  in  which  rules  and  authority,  personal  choice  and  consent,  and  the  goals,  purposes,  expectations,  and  consequences  of  an  activity  factor  into  an  individual's  reasoning  about  aggression  and  harm.Over  the  last  four  decades,  there  have  been  a  small  but  growing  number  of  studies  that  have  looked  at  moral  reasoning  in  the  context  of  sport.  Using  frameworks  such  as  social  learning  theory  (Bandura,  1973,  1991)  or  Kohlberg's  stage  theory  of  moral  development  (Kohlberg,  1969),  these  studies  regularly  concluded  that  athletes,  particularly  those  playing  contact  sports,  used  less  mature  forms  of  moral  reasoning  and  were  more  approving  of  aggression  than  their  non-athlete  peers,  and  that  the  context  of  sport  itself  encouraged  cheating  and  other  harmful  behavior  in  an  effort  to  win.  Two  prominent  explanations  for  this  degradation  in  apparent  moral  aptitude  in  sport  are  moral  disengagement  (the  use  of  rationalizations  to  separate  oneself  from  the  types  of  self-sanctions  that  typically  dissuade  individuals  from  immoral  behavior;  Bandura,  1999;  Stanger  et  al.,  2013)  and  bracketed  morality  (an  alternative  moral  code  that  prioritizes  self-oriented  goals  over  the  welfare  and  rights  of  others;  Bredemeier  &  Shields,  1995).  While  this  research  has  pointed  to  the  idea  that  there  is  something  different  about  the  ways  people  reason  about  aggression  in  the  context  of  sport,  the  overall  conclusions  that  these  researchers  make  about  the  moral  reasoning  of  athletes  oversimplifies  the  reasoning  processes  of  individuals  and  the  realities  of  learning  and  development  in  the  context  of  sport,  creating  a  deficit  lens  that  contributes  to  harmful  stereotypes  particularly  about  the  athletes  of  color  who  make  up  many  high-contact  sports.Using  the  alternative  model  of  moral  decision-making  set  forth  by  social  domain  theory  (Turiel,  1983),  this  study  re-examined  the  claims  of  previous  researchers  in  an  effort  to  survey  the  ways  people  make  decisions  about  morally  salient  events  like  aggression,  in  highly  physical  contexts  like  sport.  Social  domain  theory  posits  that  people  consider  moral  issues  such  as  rights,  fairness,  and  the  welfare  of  others  as  important,  prescriptive  matters  while  also  recognizing  that  when  making  decisions  about  the  social  environment,  sometimes  these  concerns  must  be  coordinated  with  other  domains  such  as  social  and  personal  concerns.  The  first  aim  of  the  present study  is  to  illustrate  and  get  clarity  on  this  process  of  making  decisions  about  aggression  as  it  plays  out  in  the  context  of  sport  and  understand  the  role  context  itself  plays  in  moral  decision-making.  A  second  aim  is  to  highlight  the  ways  people  first  make  meaning  of  their  social  environments  and  how  such  processes  may  transform  even  interpretations  of  what  one  considers  harmful  in  a  given  context.  A  third  aim  is  to  compare  reasoning  across  demographic  groups,  including  sport  experience,  to  see  the  ways  prior  experience  impacts  reasoning  about  physical  aggression,  both  in  and  out  of  sport  contexts.To  do  this,  the  present  research  used  semi-structured  interviews  of  109  participants  between  the  ages  of  18  and  25  (M  =  20.7  years;  52%  female)  of  varying  degrees  of  prior  sport  experience  (33%  non-athletes;  37%  moderate  athletes,  and  29%  elite,  contact-sport  athletes)  to  gather  participants'  sense-making,  evaluations,  and  justifications  about  acts  of  physical  aggression  (pain-causing  hard  pushes)  that  take  place  in  social  situations  across  sport  and  non-sport  contexts.Results  showed  that  while  more  participants  approved  of  aggression  in  the  sport  context  more  than  in  the  non-sport  context  in  the  abstract,  when  participants  were  given  details  that  specified  the  intention  and  rationale  behind  the  hard  push,  differences  between  contexts  largely  collapsed,  with  the  majority  of  participants  disapproving  of  the  act  of  hard  pushing  across  the  situations  in  both  sport  and  non-sport  settings.  Contrary  to  the  findings  of  previous  studies,  there  were  no  significant  differences  in  the  approval  of  hard  pushing  across  the  sport  experience  groups,  though  there  existed  some  evidence  that  the  contact-sport  elite  athletes  interpreted  the  situations  in  the  sport  context  differently  than  the  other  participant  groups  and  that  this  had  to  do  with  the  knowledge  they  have  gained  from  playing  sports  at  a  high  level  for  many  years.  Findings  also  showed  that  participants,  including  athletes,  considered  and  often  prioritized  the  integrity  of  the  game,  the  importance  of  fairness,  and  the  welfare  of  others,  refuting  previous  conclusions  about  bracketed  morality  and  moral  disengagement.  Lastly,  the  study  showed  ways  that  context  and  previous  experience  can  transform  the  meaning  of  certain  acts,  rendering  something  like  a  hard  push  morally  benign,  given  certain  parameters.  These  findings  have  implications  for  the  field  of  moral  development,  the  understanding  of  decision-making  about  aggression,  and  the  treatment  of  athletes.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aDevelopmental  psychology.
■650  4▼aEducational  psychology.
■650  4▼aPhysical  education.
■653    ▼aMoral  development
■653    ▼aSports
■653    ▼aAthletes
■653    ▼aAggression
■653    ▼aPersonal  choice
■690    ▼a0620
■690    ▼a0525
■690    ▼a0523
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bEducation.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-03B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16932436▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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