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Discovery and Demographics of Hot Planets Orbiting Hot Stars- [electronic resource]
Discovery and Demographics of Hot Planets Orbiting Hot Stars - [electronic resource]
Discovery and Demographics of Hot Planets Orbiting Hot Stars- [electronic resource]

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문파일 국외
최종처리일시  
20240214100459
ISBN  
9798380380379
DDC  
523
저자명  
Giacalone, Steven Anthony.
서명/저자  
Discovery and Demographics of Hot Planets Orbiting Hot Stars - [electronic resource]
발행사항  
[S.l.]: : University of California, Berkeley., 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses,, 2023
형태사항  
1 online resource(200 p.)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Dressing, Courtney.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2023.
사용제한주기  
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
초록/해제  
요약Surveys dedicated to detecting exoplanets via the transit and radial velocity methods have revolutionized our understanding of planet formation and evolution by revealing the the prevalence of planets orbiting close to their stars. Transit surveys have been especially groundbreaking due to their abilities to discover large quantities of planets with small orbital separations, which can they be further characterized via transmission spectroscopy, emission spectroscopy, and thermal phase curve observations to reveal details about their atmospheres and surfaces. In recent years, the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) has provided the opportunity to expand these techniques into entirely new regimes, due to its ability to search for transiting planets around a greater variety of stars and around brighter stars that are more amendable to follow-up observations. This thesis focuses on the utilization of TESS data to search for and study the demographics of these planets. First, I present TRICERATOPS, a tool designed to statistically validate transiting exoplanets and identify likely astrophysical false positives in TESS data. To statistically validate a transiting exoplanet is to confirm its planetary nature by ruling out plausible false positive scenarios, such as those that arise when multiple stars are blended together in the data. This is a particularly pertinent problem for TESS, which is equipped with relatively low-resolution cameras that often cannot distinguish light originating from individual stars, especially in crowded fields. I discuss the design and efficacy of TRICERATOPS, demonstrating that it is an effective tool for identifying the most promising planet candidates detected by TESS and prioritizing follow-up observations with both ground-based and space-based telescopes. Next, I use TRICERATOPS and an array of ground-based follow-up observations to validate 13 hot and potentially terrestrial planets detected by TESS. These planets are unlike any rocky bodies in the Solar System; they orbit their stars at distances of only a few stellar radii and are so highly irradiated that many are expected to have molten surfaces. Their high temperatures also mean that they emit infrared light at levels detectable by JWST. Emission spectroscopy and thermal phase curve observations of these worlds can reveal the presence and composition of an atmosphere, measure Bond albedo, and calculate heat redistribution properties. Prior to TESS, very few of these types of planets were known around bright stars amenable to JWST observations. This sample therefore facilitates the investigation of hot Earth-size worlds at a population level. Finally, I conduct a search for planets smaller than Saturn orbiting A-type stars. A-type stars, which are roughly twice as massive and nearly twice as hot as Sun-like stars, have historically been avoided by transit and radial velocity surveys due to their large radii and rapid rotation rates, which hinder our ability to detect planets around them. As a consequence, early transit surveys like the Kepler mission acquired very little data of these stars, limiting our understanding of planet demographics to stars like the Sun and cooler. By observing all bright stars across nearly the entire sky, TESS has provided the best opportunity yet to search for small planets orbiting relatively hot stars. Through this search, I discover and validate a single planet: HD 56414 b, a Neptune-size planet orbiting one of the hottest planet-hosting stars known to date on a 29-day orbital period. The orbital period of this planet is long compared to the typical planet detected by TESS, suggesting that Neptune-size planets with smaller orbital separations may not exist around A-type stars. I display that atmospheric photoevaporation due to high levels of near-ultraviolet radiation offers one possible explanation for this phenomenon.To test this hypothesis more robustly, I calculate the occurrence rate of small planets with orbital periods under 10 days around A-type stars. I demonstrate, for the first time, that sub-Saturns and sub-Neptunes are rarer around A-type stars than they are around their cooler counterparts. I also find evidence that super-Earths are as common or less common around A-type stars than cooler stars. These results suggest that small planets are unable to form at, migrate to, or survive at the small orbital separations probed by TESS around these hot stars. Overall, these findings significantly advance our understanding of how planets form and evolve around stars hotter than the Sun, providing a more holistic picture of planetary populations throughout the galaxy.
일반주제명  
Astrophysics.
일반주제명  
Astronomy.
일반주제명  
Planetology.
키워드  
Exoplanets
키워드  
Extrasolar planets
키워드  
Planets
키워드  
Stars
키워드  
Radial velocity
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Astrophysics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-03B.
기본자료저록  
Dissertation Abstract International
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■00520240214100459
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■020    ▼a9798380380379
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30492700
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a523
■1001  ▼aGiacalone,  Steven  Anthony.
■24510▼aDiscovery  and  Demographics  of  Hot  Planets  Orbiting  Hot  Stars▼h[electronic  resource]
■260    ▼a[S.l.]:▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley.  ▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor  :▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses,  ▼c2023
■300    ▼a1  online  resource(200  p.)
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Dressing,  Courtney.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2023.
■506    ▼aThis  item  must  not  be  sold  to  any  third  party  vendors.
■520    ▼aSurveys  dedicated  to  detecting  exoplanets  via  the  transit  and  radial  velocity  methods  have  revolutionized  our  understanding  of  planet  formation  and  evolution  by  revealing  the  the  prevalence  of  planets  orbiting  close  to  their  stars.  Transit  surveys  have  been  especially  groundbreaking  due  to  their  abilities  to  discover  large  quantities  of  planets  with  small  orbital  separations,  which  can  they  be  further  characterized  via  transmission  spectroscopy,  emission  spectroscopy,  and  thermal  phase  curve  observations  to  reveal  details  about  their  atmospheres  and  surfaces.  In  recent  years,  the  Transiting  Exoplanet  Survey  Satellite  (TESS)  has  provided  the  opportunity  to  expand  these  techniques  into  entirely  new  regimes,  due  to  its  ability  to  search  for  transiting  planets  around  a  greater  variety  of  stars  and  around  brighter  stars  that  are  more  amendable  to  follow-up  observations.  This  thesis  focuses  on  the  utilization  of  TESS  data  to  search  for  and  study  the  demographics  of  these  planets. First,  I  present  TRICERATOPS,  a  tool  designed  to  statistically  validate  transiting  exoplanets  and  identify  likely  astrophysical  false  positives  in  TESS  data.  To  statistically  validate  a  transiting  exoplanet  is  to  confirm  its  planetary  nature  by  ruling  out  plausible  false  positive  scenarios,  such  as  those  that  arise  when  multiple  stars  are  blended  together  in  the  data.  This  is  a  particularly  pertinent  problem  for  TESS,  which  is  equipped  with  relatively  low-resolution  cameras  that  often  cannot  distinguish  light  originating  from  individual  stars,  especially  in  crowded  fields.  I  discuss  the  design  and  efficacy  of  TRICERATOPS,  demonstrating  that  it  is  an  effective  tool  for  identifying  the  most  promising  planet  candidates  detected  by  TESS  and  prioritizing  follow-up  observations  with  both  ground-based  and  space-based  telescopes. Next,  I  use  TRICERATOPS  and  an  array  of  ground-based  follow-up  observations  to  validate  13  hot  and  potentially  terrestrial  planets  detected  by  TESS.  These  planets  are  unlike  any  rocky  bodies  in  the  Solar  System;  they  orbit  their  stars  at  distances  of  only  a  few  stellar  radii  and  are  so  highly  irradiated  that  many  are  expected  to  have  molten  surfaces.  Their  high  temperatures  also  mean  that  they  emit  infrared  light  at  levels  detectable  by  JWST.  Emission  spectroscopy  and  thermal  phase  curve  observations  of  these  worlds  can  reveal  the  presence  and  composition  of  an  atmosphere,  measure  Bond  albedo,  and  calculate  heat  redistribution  properties.  Prior  to  TESS,  very  few  of  these  types  of  planets  were  known  around  bright  stars  amenable  to  JWST  observations.  This  sample  therefore  facilitates  the  investigation  of  hot  Earth-size  worlds  at  a  population  level. Finally,  I  conduct  a  search  for  planets  smaller  than  Saturn  orbiting  A-type  stars.  A-type  stars,  which  are  roughly  twice  as  massive  and  nearly  twice  as  hot  as  Sun-like  stars,  have  historically  been  avoided  by  transit  and  radial  velocity  surveys  due  to  their  large  radii  and  rapid  rotation  rates,  which  hinder  our  ability  to  detect  planets  around  them.  As  a  consequence,  early  transit  surveys  like  the  Kepler  mission  acquired  very  little  data  of  these  stars,  limiting  our  understanding  of  planet  demographics  to  stars  like  the  Sun  and  cooler.  By  observing  all  bright  stars  across  nearly  the  entire  sky,  TESS  has  provided  the  best  opportunity  yet  to  search  for  small  planets  orbiting  relatively  hot  stars.  Through  this  search,  I  discover  and  validate  a  single  planet:  HD  56414  b,  a  Neptune-size  planet  orbiting  one  of  the  hottest  planet-hosting  stars  known  to  date  on  a  29-day  orbital  period.  The  orbital  period  of  this  planet  is  long  compared  to  the  typical  planet  detected  by  TESS,  suggesting  that  Neptune-size  planets  with  smaller  orbital  separations  may  not  exist  around  A-type  stars.  I  display  that  atmospheric  photoevaporation  due  to  high  levels  of  near-ultraviolet  radiation  offers  one  possible  explanation  for  this  phenomenon.To  test  this  hypothesis  more  robustly,  I  calculate  the  occurrence  rate  of  small  planets  with  orbital  periods  under  10  days  around  A-type  stars.  I  demonstrate,  for  the  first  time,  that  sub-Saturns  and  sub-Neptunes  are  rarer  around  A-type  stars  than  they  are  around  their  cooler  counterparts.  I  also  find  evidence  that  super-Earths  are  as  common  or  less  common  around  A-type  stars  than  cooler  stars.  These  results  suggest  that  small  planets  are  unable  to  form  at,  migrate  to,  or  survive  at  the  small  orbital  separations  probed  by  TESS  around  these  hot  stars.  Overall,  these  findings  significantly  advance  our  understanding  of  how  planets  form  and  evolve  around  stars  hotter  than  the  Sun,  providing  a  more  holistic  picture  of  planetary  populations  throughout  the  galaxy.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aAstrophysics.
■650  4▼aAstronomy.
■650  4▼aPlanetology.
■653    ▼aExoplanets
■653    ▼aExtrasolar  planets
■653    ▼aPlanets
■653    ▼aStars
■653    ▼aRadial  velocity
■690    ▼a0596
■690    ▼a0606
■690    ▼a0590
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bAstrophysics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-03B.
■773    ▼tDissertation  Abstract  International
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T16932448▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.
■980    ▼a202402▼f2024

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