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Small-scale Instability Driven Electron Transport in Hall Thrusters
Small-scale Instability Driven Electron Transport in Hall Thrusters
Small-scale Instability Driven Electron Transport in Hall Thrusters

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152054
ISBN  
9798382738567
DDC  
530
저자명  
Brown, Zachariah A.
서명/저자  
Small-scale Instability Driven Electron Transport in Hall Thrusters
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
163 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Jorns, Benjamin Alexander.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약There is an increasing demand for efficient electric propulsion technologies for orbital station keeping and deep-space missions. Hall effect thrusters, as a leading form of electric propulsion, exhibit superior propellant efficiency through high specific impulse values, resulting in significant reductions in mission costs and propellant mass. This has led to their extensive utilization for spacecraft applications, including orbit-raising maneuvers, attitude control, and interplanetary propulsion. However, despite their widespread use the underlying physics governing the operation of Hall thrusters are not fully understood. Due to the lack of understanding of key physical processes, currently Hall thrusters cannot be readily simulated, and the development of new systems heavily relies on costly and time-consuming experimental testing.Our research aims to delve into the first principles of Hall thruster physics and address several deficiencies in our understanding that impede predictive simulations. Notably, the transport of electrons across the magnetic field lines of Hall thrusters is orders of magnitude greater than predicted by simple fluid models. The Hall thruster modeling community has recently reached a consensus that plasma turbulence is the most likely cause of this anomalous cross-field transport. In this work, we experimentally validate the role of electron drift instability (EDI) in electron transport within Hall thrusters. Despite widespread consensus on its significance, this topic has predominantly relied on numerical simulations with limited experimental validation. These simulations exhibit notable disparities concerning the formation of the EDI, relevant oscillation frequencies and wavelengths, and the extent of the resulting electron transport. Such uncertainties impede the development of precise and universally applicable low-fidelity models that accurately represent electron transport. To address these ambiguities, we employ experimental methodologies, including the direct measurement of EDI using electrostatic probes inserted into a Hall thruster. These probes measure high-speed plasma density oscillations, and subsequent spectral analyses of these measurements offer insights into the dispersion relation of the EDI, its growth and saturation patterns, and the level of induced electron transport. Our measurements identified the presence of plasma waves characteristic of the electron drift instability. Furthermore, through bispectral analysis, an inverse energy cascade was identified whereby the EDI initially grows following its linear dispersion relation at discrete resonance frequencies. Subsequently, the resonances couple together, transferring energy from high frequency and small wavelength to low frequency and long wavelength. This energy cascade occurs as the waves propagate downstream of the Hall thruster, where eventually most of the wave energy belongs to the long-wavelength component. These experimental findings serve as validation for several simulation and modelling effort the first proposed these mechanisms. Moreover, we utilized these measurements of plasma wave properties to calculate the wave-driven anomalous cross-field transport and validated these calculations through laser-based measurement of the true cross-field transport levels. This provides the first experimental proof that the EDI is the mechanism controlling electron transport in Hall thruster plasma plumes. Overall, this investigation enhances the understanding of the EDI's characteristics, advances electron transport models, and brings the field one step closer to predictive Hall thruster modeling. 
일반주제명  
Physics
일반주제명  
Aerospace engineering
일반주제명  
Electromagnetics
일반주제명  
Energy
일반주제명  
Electrical engineering
키워드  
Hall thrusters
키워드  
Electron transport
키워드  
Bispectral analysis
키워드  
Discrete resonance frequencies
키워드  
Electron drift instability
기타저자  
University of Michigan Aerospace Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■020    ▼a9798382738567
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31348884
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)umichrackham005383
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a530
■1001  ▼aBrown,  Zachariah  A.
■24510▼aSmall-scale  Instability  Driven  Electron  Transport  in  Hall  Thrusters
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a163  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Jorns,  Benjamin  Alexander.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2024.
■520    ▼aThere  is  an  increasing  demand  for  efficient  electric  propulsion  technologies  for  orbital  station  keeping  and  deep-space  missions.  Hall  effect  thrusters,  as  a  leading  form  of  electric  propulsion,  exhibit  superior  propellant  efficiency  through  high  specific  impulse  values,  resulting  in  significant  reductions  in  mission  costs  and  propellant  mass.  This  has  led  to  their  extensive  utilization  for  spacecraft  applications,  including  orbit-raising  maneuvers,  attitude  control,  and  interplanetary  propulsion.  However,  despite  their  widespread  use  the  underlying  physics  governing  the  operation  of  Hall  thrusters  are  not  fully  understood.  Due  to  the  lack  of  understanding  of  key  physical  processes,  currently  Hall  thrusters  cannot  be  readily  simulated,  and  the  development  of  new  systems  heavily  relies  on  costly  and  time-consuming  experimental  testing.Our  research  aims  to  delve  into  the  first  principles  of  Hall  thruster  physics  and  address  several  deficiencies  in  our  understanding  that  impede  predictive  simulations.  Notably,  the  transport  of  electrons  across  the  magnetic  field  lines  of  Hall  thrusters  is  orders  of  magnitude  greater  than  predicted  by  simple  fluid  models.  The  Hall  thruster  modeling  community  has  recently  reached  a  consensus  that  plasma  turbulence  is  the  most  likely  cause  of  this  anomalous  cross-field  transport.  In  this  work,  we  experimentally  validate  the  role  of  electron  drift  instability  (EDI)  in  electron  transport  within  Hall  thrusters.  Despite  widespread  consensus  on  its  significance,  this  topic  has  predominantly  relied  on  numerical  simulations  with  limited  experimental  validation.  These  simulations  exhibit  notable  disparities  concerning  the  formation  of  the  EDI,  relevant  oscillation  frequencies  and  wavelengths,  and  the  extent  of  the  resulting  electron  transport.  Such  uncertainties  impede  the  development  of  precise  and  universally  applicable  low-fidelity  models  that  accurately  represent  electron  transport.  To  address  these  ambiguities,  we  employ  experimental  methodologies,  including  the  direct  measurement  of  EDI  using  electrostatic  probes  inserted  into  a  Hall  thruster.  These  probes  measure  high-speed  plasma  density  oscillations,  and  subsequent  spectral  analyses  of  these  measurements  offer  insights  into  the  dispersion  relation  of  the  EDI,  its  growth  and  saturation  patterns,  and  the  level  of  induced  electron  transport.  Our  measurements  identified  the  presence  of  plasma  waves  characteristic  of  the  electron  drift  instability.  Furthermore,  through  bispectral  analysis,  an  inverse  energy  cascade  was  identified  whereby  the  EDI  initially  grows  following  its  linear  dispersion  relation  at  discrete  resonance  frequencies.  Subsequently,  the  resonances  couple  together,  transferring  energy  from  high  frequency  and  small  wavelength  to  low  frequency  and  long  wavelength.  This  energy  cascade  occurs  as  the  waves  propagate  downstream  of  the  Hall  thruster,  where  eventually  most  of  the  wave  energy  belongs  to  the  long-wavelength  component.  These  experimental  findings  serve  as  validation  for  several  simulation  and  modelling  effort  the  first  proposed  these  mechanisms.  Moreover,  we  utilized  these  measurements  of  plasma  wave  properties  to  calculate  the  wave-driven  anomalous  cross-field  transport  and  validated  these  calculations  through  laser-based  measurement  of  the  true  cross-field  transport  levels.  This  provides  the  first  experimental  proof  that  the  EDI  is  the  mechanism  controlling  electron  transport  in  Hall  thruster  plasma  plumes.  Overall,  this  investigation  enhances  the  understanding  of  the  EDI's  characteristics,  advances  electron  transport  models,  and  brings  the  field  one  step  closer  to  predictive  Hall  thruster  modeling. 
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aPhysics
■650  4▼aAerospace  engineering
■650  4▼aElectromagnetics
■650  4▼aEnergy
■650  4▼aElectrical  engineering
■653    ▼aHall  thrusters
■653    ▼aElectron  transport
■653    ▼aBispectral  analysis
■653    ▼aDiscrete  resonance  frequencies
■653    ▼aElectron  drift  instability
■690    ▼a0538
■690    ▼a0605
■690    ▼a0544
■690    ▼a0607
■690    ▼a0791
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bAerospace  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162781▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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