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Studies of Four-Top-Quark Production in Proton-Proton Collisions at the LHC With the Same-Sign Dilepton and Multilepton Final States
Studies of Four-Top-Quark Production in Proton-Proton Collisions at the LHC With the Same-...
Studies of Four-Top-Quark Production in Proton-Proton Collisions at the LHC With the Same-Sign Dilepton and Multilepton Final States

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152101
ISBN  
9798382739670
DDC  
530
저자명  
Tsai, Meng-Ju.
서명/저자  
Studies of Four-Top-Quark Production in Proton-Proton Collisions at the LHC With the Same-Sign Dilepton and Multilepton Final States
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
267 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Qian, Jianming.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation presents the measurements and searches of four-top-quark (tt¯t t¯) production with same-sign dilepton and multilepton final states in proton-proton collision data collected using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Four-top-quark production, a rare process in the Standard Model (SM) with a cross section around 12 fb at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, is one of the heaviest final states produced at the LHC, and it is naturally sensitive to beyond SM (BSM) physics. An early analysis by the ATLAS experiment (referred to as the tt¯t t¯ evidence analysis) resulted in an evidence for SM tt¯t t¯production with a significance of 4.3 standard deviations with respect to the background-only hypothesis, but the measured tt¯t t¯ cross section is twice the SM prediction. This dissertation focuses on three major topics on the tt¯t t¯production: the observation of the SM tt¯t t¯production, a search of BSM tt¯t t¯production (tt¯H/A → tt¯t t¯) predicted in the type-II Two-Higgs-Doublet Model (2HDM), and a reinterpretation analysis of BSM tt¯t t¯ search in a 2HDM+a combination analysis.The first is the observation of four-top-quark production with same-sign dilepton and multilepton final states in an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected using the ATLAS detector. The analysis is based on the tt¯t t¯ evidence analysis with additional optimizations on object selection, background estimation, and a novel multivariate technique. Looser lepton identification requirements and lower jet pT criteria are employed to maximize the tt¯t t¯ signal acceptance. A new tt¯W data-driven background estimation is utilized to improve the modeling of tt¯W jet multiplicity distribution. A novel graph neural network is used to separate the signal from the background. A simultaneous fit to both signal and control regions is performed to extract the signal strength and constrain various background contributions. The tt¯t t¯ cross section is measured to be 22.5 +6.6−5.5 fb, consistent with the SM prediction of 12.0 ± 2.4 fb within 1.8 standard deviations. The corresponding observed (expected) significance of tt¯t t¯ production is found to be 6.1 (4.3) standard deviations with respect to the background-only hypothesis. Additional interpretations are explored, including limits on three-top-quark production, constraints on the Higgs-top Yukawa coupling, and effective field theory operator coefficients affecting tt¯t t¯ production.The second is the search for a new heavy scalar or pseudo-scalar Higgs boson (H/A) predicted by the type-II 2HDM. The heavy Higgs boson is produced in association with a pair of top quarks (tt¯H/A ), with the Higgs boson decaying into a pair of top quarks (H/A → tt¯), leading to tt¯t t¯ production (tt ¯H/A → tt¯t t¯). This analysis (referred to as the BSM tt¯t t¯analysis) targets same-sign dilepton and multilepton final states with data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1 . The analysis is based on the tt¯t t¯ evidence analysis with improved jet and b-jet algorithms. Two classifiers using Boosted Decision Trees are utilized to discriminate the signal and backgrounds. No significant excess of events is observed over the SM prediction. The observed (expected) upper limit at 95% confidence level on the tt¯H/A cross section times the branching ratio of H/A → tt¯ ranges between 14 (10) fb and 6 (5) fb for a heavy Higgs boson mass of 400 GeV and 1000 GeV. Constraints on tan β are derived under different scenarios. Assuming only one particle, either H or A, contributes to tt¯t t¯ production, tan β values below 1.2 or 0.5 are excluded for a heavy Higgs mass of 400 GeV or 1000 GeV. Assuming both H and A particles contribute to tt¯t t¯production, tan β values below 1.6 or 0.6 are excluded for a heavy Higgs mass of 400 GeV or 1000 GeV.The third is the combination of BSM searches to constrain the parameters of type-II 2HDM with an additional pseudo-scalar (a) mediating the interaction between ordinary matter and dark matter. The tt¯t t¯ process can be produced either from an s-channel diagram through a heavy Higgs boson (H/A/a) decaying to a pair of top quarks or a t-channel diagram coupling with a heavy Higgs boson. This analysis follows the same strategy as the BSM tt¯t t¯ analysis to reinterpret with tt¯t t¯ production predicted in 2HDM+a, but uses different final discriminating distributions in the signal region. Constraints on the parameters of 2HDM+a are derived in several benchmark scenarios.
일반주제명  
Physics
일반주제명  
Particle physics
일반주제명  
Atomic physics
일반주제명  
Computational physics
키워드  
ATLAS experiment
키워드  
Top quark physics
키워드  
High energy experiment
키워드  
Four-top-quark
키워드  
Same-sign dilepton
기타저자  
University of Michigan Physics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■0820  ▼a530
■1001  ▼aTsai,  Meng-Ju.
■24510▼aStudies  of  Four-Top-Quark  Production  in  Proton-Proton  Collisions  at  the  LHC  With  the  Same-Sign  Dilepton  and  Multilepton  Final  States
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a267  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Qian,  Jianming.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2024.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  presents  the  measurements  and  searches  of  four-top-quark  (tt¯t  t¯)  production  with  same-sign  dilepton  and  multilepton  final  states  in  proton-proton  collision  data  collected  using  the  ATLAS  detector  at  the  LHC.  Four-top-quark  production,  a  rare  process  in  the  Standard  Model  (SM)  with  a  cross  section  around  12  fb  at  a  center-of-mass  energy  of  13  TeV,  is  one  of  the  heaviest  final  states  produced  at  the  LHC,  and  it  is  naturally  sensitive  to  beyond  SM  (BSM)  physics.  An  early  analysis  by  the  ATLAS  experiment  (referred  to  as  the  tt¯t  t¯  evidence  analysis)  resulted  in  an  evidence  for  SM  tt¯t  t¯production  with  a  significance  of  4.3  standard  deviations  with  respect  to  the  background-only  hypothesis,  but  the  measured  tt¯t  t¯  cross  section  is  twice  the  SM  prediction.  This  dissertation  focuses  on  three  major  topics  on  the  tt¯t  t¯production:  the  observation  of  the  SM  tt¯t  t¯production,  a  search  of  BSM  tt¯t  t¯production  (tt¯H/A    →  tt¯t  t¯)  predicted  in  the  type-II  Two-Higgs-Doublet  Model  (2HDM),  and  a  reinterpretation  analysis  of  BSM  tt¯t  t¯  search  in  a  2HDM+a  combination  analysis.The  first  is  the  observation  of  four-top-quark  production  with  same-sign  dilepton  and  multilepton  final  states  in  an  integrated  luminosity  of  140  fb−1  of  proton-proton  collision  data  at  a  center-of-mass  energy  of  13  TeV  collected  using  the  ATLAS  detector.  The  analysis  is  based  on  the  tt¯t  t¯  evidence  analysis  with  additional  optimizations  on  object  selection,  background  estimation,  and  a  novel  multivariate  technique.  Looser  lepton  identification  requirements  and  lower  jet  pT  criteria  are  employed  to  maximize  the  tt¯t  t¯  signal  acceptance.  A  new  tt¯W  data-driven  background  estimation  is  utilized  to  improve  the  modeling  of  tt¯W  jet  multiplicity  distribution.  A  novel  graph  neural  network  is  used  to  separate  the  signal  from  the  background.  A  simultaneous  fit  to  both  signal  and  control  regions  is  performed  to  extract  the  signal  strength  and  constrain  various  background  contributions.  The  tt¯t  t¯  cross  section  is  measured  to  be  22.5  +6.6−5.5  fb,  consistent  with  the  SM  prediction  of  12.0  ±  2.4  fb  within  1.8  standard  deviations.  The  corresponding  observed  (expected)  significance  of  tt¯t  t¯  production  is  found  to  be  6.1  (4.3)  standard  deviations  with  respect  to  the  background-only  hypothesis.  Additional  interpretations  are  explored,  including  limits  on  three-top-quark  production,  constraints  on  the  Higgs-top  Yukawa  coupling,  and  effective  field  theory  operator  coefficients  affecting  tt¯t  t¯  production.The  second  is  the  search  for  a  new  heavy  scalar  or  pseudo-scalar  Higgs  boson  (H/A)  predicted  by  the  type-II  2HDM.  The  heavy  Higgs  boson  is  produced  in  association  with  a  pair  of  top  quarks  (tt¯H/A    ),  with  the  Higgs  boson  decaying  into  a  pair  of  top  quarks  (H/A  →  tt¯),  leading  to  tt¯t  t¯  production  (tt  ¯H/A  →  tt¯t  t¯).  This  analysis  (referred  to  as  the  BSM  tt¯t  t¯analysis)  targets  same-sign  dilepton  and  multilepton  final  states  with  data  corresponding  to  an  integrated  luminosity  of  139  fb−1  .  The  analysis  is  based  on  the  tt¯t  t¯  evidence  analysis  with  improved  jet  and  b-jet  algorithms.  Two  classifiers  using  Boosted  Decision  Trees  are  utilized  to  discriminate  the  signal  and  backgrounds.  No  significant  excess  of  events  is  observed  over  the  SM  prediction.  The  observed  (expected)  upper  limit  at  95%  confidence  level  on  the  tt¯H/A    cross  section  times  the  branching  ratio  of  H/A  →  tt¯  ranges  between  14  (10)  fb  and  6  (5)  fb  for  a  heavy  Higgs  boson  mass  of  400  GeV  and  1000  GeV.  Constraints  on  tan  β  are  derived  under  different  scenarios.  Assuming  only  one  particle,  either  H  or  A,  contributes  to  tt¯t  t¯  production,  tan  β  values  below  1.2  or  0.5  are  excluded  for  a  heavy  Higgs  mass  of  400  GeV  or  1000  GeV.  Assuming  both  H  and  A  particles  contribute  to  tt¯t  t¯production,  tan  β  values  below  1.6  or  0.6  are  excluded  for  a  heavy  Higgs  mass  of  400  GeV  or  1000  GeV.The  third  is  the  combination  of  BSM  searches  to  constrain  the  parameters  of  type-II  2HDM  with  an  additional  pseudo-scalar  (a)  mediating  the  interaction  between  ordinary  matter  and  dark  matter.  The  tt¯t  t¯  process  can  be  produced  either  from  an  s-channel  diagram  through  a  heavy  Higgs  boson  (H/A/a)  decaying  to  a  pair  of  top  quarks  or  a  t-channel  diagram  coupling  with  a  heavy  Higgs  boson.  This  analysis  follows  the  same  strategy  as  the  BSM  tt¯t  t¯  analysis  to  reinterpret  with  tt¯t  t¯  production  predicted  in  2HDM+a,  but  uses  different  final  discriminating  distributions  in  the  signal  region.  Constraints  on  the  parameters  of  2HDM+a  are  derived  in  several  benchmark  scenarios. 
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aPhysics
■650  4▼aParticle  physics
■650  4▼aAtomic  physics
■650  4▼aComputational  physics
■653    ▼aATLAS  experiment
■653    ▼aTop  quark  physics
■653    ▼aHigh  energy  experiment
■653    ▼aFour-top-quark
■653    ▼aSame-sign  dilepton
■690    ▼a0605
■690    ▼a0798
■690    ▼a0216
■690    ▼a0748
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bPhysics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162834▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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