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The Other('s) Lyric: Piyyut, Identity, and Alterity in Modern Hebrew Mizrahi Poetry : הליריות של האחר: פיוט, זהות, ואחרות בשירה עברית מזרחית מודרנית
The Other('s) Lyric: Piyyut, Identity, and Alterity in Modern Hebrew Mizrahi Poetry  : הלי...
The Other('s) Lyric: Piyyut, Identity, and Alterity in Modern Hebrew Mizrahi Poetry : הליריות של האחר: פיוט, זהות, ואחרות בשירה עברית מזרחית מודרנית

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152735
ISBN  
9798384443971
DDC  
800
저자명  
Yirmiya, Oren.
서명/저자  
The Other(s) Lyric: Piyyut, Identity, and Alterity in Modern Hebrew Mizrahi Poetry : הליריות של האחר: פיוט, זהות, ואחרות בשירה עברית מזרחית מודרנית
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
191 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Kronfeld, Chana;Boyarin, Danial.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation examines the intersections of lyric poetry and piyyut (medieval Hebrew liturgical poems) in two historical contexts where the genre of lyric and the notion of the "East" have been placed in a false dichotomy. The first half of the dissertation traces the evolution of the terms "lyric" and "piyyut" in the Middle East and Europe from the Hellenistic period to the nineteenth century, focusing on Hebrew, German, and English literature, scripture, and philosophy. The second half leaps forward to the contemporary work of two Israeli-Mizrahi poets of Moroccan descent, Erez Biton (b. 1942) and Shimon Adaf (b. 1972), exploring how these poets generate lyric poetics and piyyutic intertextuality and how they channel the conventions of these genres to communicate and challenge Mizrahi identity politics.The dissertation's central conclusion is mirrored in both halves, revealing how the term "lyric" has been defined by European actors as a medium of individual autonomy and how this definition has been used to argue that poets of non-European origins lack the capabilities and dispositions needed to create lyric consciousness in their work. This is evident in nineteenth century lyric theory in Germany and England, where "oriental" poetry (mainly in Arabic, Hebrew, and Persian) is often defined as too devotional or disposed to despotism; and in the State of Israel, where Mizrahi poetry is frequently segregated from the main corpus of Hebrew Literature as critics accuse it of being too prosaically committed to its thematic materials and sociological positioning within Israeli ethno-economic stratification.By returning to the discursive origins of the lyric genre and treating it as a malleable cognitive concept, the dissertation demonstrates the contingency of the notion of lyric as the medium of autonomous expression. This approach shows that lyric self-consciousness has always been accessible through means other than total autonomous individuation, especially intertextual poetic techniques that generate heteronomous self-expression. In this vein, the dissertation illustrates how classic piyyut offers polyphonic intertextual rhyming structures and how modern Mizrahi poets channel this staple of piyyut into constituting original lyric personhood structures. This methodological emphasis allows us to see piyyut is a variant model of lyric poetry and to analyze Mizrahi poetry by focusing on its lyric forms and not only its content.To substantiate these large claims, the dissertation makes several overarching arguments throughout its chapters: During medieval times (fourth to fourteenth centuries) in the Middle East and around the Mediterranean basin, poetic devices began to appear more frequently across various languages from both Semitic and Indo-European families. These devices (e.g., rhyme, acrostics, alliteration) contributed to making poetry "denser" or more "artificed." This density was achieved using fewer words and shorter lines that carried more meaning through formal and intertextual techniques, allowing words to possess meanings far beyond their denotation. As these devices developed across different cultures, by the 14th century, the poetic corpora of European and Middle Eastern languages had become more similar than ever before. In Europe, these devices were incorporated into genres described contemporaneously or retrospectively as lyric forms (e.g., ode, ballad, sonnet).During Europe's Enlightenment and Romantic periods, a new focus on "oriental poetry," specifically poetry in Arabic, Persian, and Hebrew, fostered a rich intellectual conversation about the lyric. Based on the notion of the lyric as the least mimetic classical genre, and with the influence of the long East-West development of dense verse, this dialogue allowed thinkers to first conceive of lyric poetry as a genre that mediates through self-expression the universal aesthetic apprehension of the world and particular cultural differences. This discourse marked Western lyric poetry as a literary medium of autonomous expression while deeming oriental poetry as inherently heteronomous.The history of this conversation, which intermingled lyric theory and Orientalism is often overlooked. Yet, it is crucial for understanding the twentieth and twenty-first century persistent assertions that lyric poetry is an inherently secular and autonomous genre. By retracing the origins of this idea, the dissertation identifies an alternative path that views religious, heteronomous poetry such as piyyut as capable of generating lyric self-consciousness through different means.Intertextual rhyme is the primary device for piyyutic lyric self-consciousness, combining midrashic exegesis with alliterative sound-play norms. This device creates an expansive, open interpretive field, inviting readers to engage with the poem by connecting similar-sounding phrases, in-text meanings, and the interplay of evoked texts that clarify or contradict one another. Poetry is thus made "lyrical" by enabling words and allusions to work together to produce novel, indeterminate meanings. In doing so, piyyut and piyyut-like poetry do not assume autonomy or primacy as prerequisites for lyric consciousness, as they inherently rely on other texts and speakers to generate meaning.In post-1948 Israel, hegemonic groups have used the concept of lyric to marginalize Mizrahi poetry, often treating it as a thematic supplement rather than a core component of Hebrew poetics. Recent approaches to Mizrahi literature do better by arguing for this poetry's recognition as minor literature within Hebrew literature or as a manifestation of Israeli cultural hybridization. Without negating these perspectives, my dissertation emphasizes the importance of examining Mizrahi literature as poetry unto itself and not only by the labor it performs towards other aspects of Hebrew literature and culture. This can be achieved by reading Mizrahi poetry for its lyric forms, particularly the new formations of lyric personhood and the revitalization of piyyutic intertextuality.I exemplify this approach through the works of Erez Biton and Shimon Adaf. In Biton's poetry, I trace his engagement with piyyut from his early works in the 1960s and 1970s, highlighting his development of a lyric epistemology shaped by societal stratification and oppression. Biton's poetic code, characterized by piyyutic intertextuality, multilingualism, and irony, reveals the contingency of supposedly objective language and exposes alternative configurations of meaning by emphasizing the gap between hegemonic language and the reality it fails to describe. I also situate Biton's lyric practice within and against the poetics of the Israeli Statehood Generation, particularly Natan Zach, to demonstrate the intergenerational dynamics linking his work to the preceding major generation of poetry. By doing so, I establish Biton's place in the dual lineages of piyyut and modern Hebrew poetry.Adaf's writing, particularly in the poetry volume Aviva-No (2009) and the novel Frost (2010), demonstrates efforts to channel piyyutic writing conventions to transcend biographical readings and achieve a Mizrahi phenomenology not constrained by colloquial identity discourse. In a dual endeavor to find the alterity central to his idea of identity and to find how melancholic writing can sublimate absence into presence, Adaf uses piyyutic intertextuality to provide a complex understanding of identity committed to specific biographical events without being confined to the idea of a biography. In these writings, Adaf interrogates and pushes to its limit the recent trend of biographic poetry by offering a structure of lyric personhood that relates to life history in the same indeterminate way that tradition refers to scripture.By examining these works, the dissertation challenges traditional identity politics that emphasize fixed notions of sameness. Instead, it promotes a radical understanding of identity that embraces alterity and fluidity, offering a nuanced perspective on how self-expression can offer lyric forms that manifest collective identities and histories.My research highlights the significant yet often overlooked role of piyyut in modern Hebrew literature, arguing for its relevance and transformative potential in contemporary poetic expressions.
초록/해제  
요약Engaging with scholars like Chana Kronfeld, Gil Anidjar, Haviva Pedaya, and Lital Levy, this dissertation redefines the scope of "New Hebrew Literature," challenging the secularized assumptions that have historically governed the field. It advocates for a rethinking of this literary category, emphasizing the interconnectedness and mutual influence of diverse literary traditions, integrating secular literary origins and traditional liturgy. This approach fosters inclusivity and diversity, encouraging an open-ended exploration within Hebrew literature that honors its European and Middle Eastern roots, recognizing the rich tapestry of cultural and poetic exchanges that have shaped its evolution.
일반주제명  
Literature
일반주제명  
Judaic studies
일반주제명  
Near Eastern studies
키워드  
Hebrew
키워드  
Jewish
키워드  
Lyric
키워드  
Mizrahi
키워드  
Piyyut
키워드  
Poetry
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Near Eastern Studies
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aYirmiya,  Oren.
■24510▼aThe  Other('s)  Lyric:  Piyyut,  Identity,  and  Alterity  in  Modern  Hebrew  Mizrahi  Poetry  ▼bהליריות  של  האחר:  פיוט,  זהות,  ואחרות  בשירה  עברית  מזרחית  מודרנית
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a191  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-03,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Kronfeld,  Chana;Boyarin,  Danial.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2024.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  examines  the  intersections  of  lyric  poetry  and  piyyut  (medieval  Hebrew  liturgical  poems)  in  two  historical  contexts  where  the  genre  of  lyric  and  the  notion  of  the  "East"  have  been  placed  in  a  false  dichotomy.  The  first  half  of  the  dissertation  traces  the  evolution  of  the  terms  "lyric"  and  "piyyut"  in  the  Middle  East  and  Europe  from  the  Hellenistic  period  to  the  nineteenth  century,  focusing  on  Hebrew,  German,  and  English  literature,  scripture,  and  philosophy.  The  second  half  leaps  forward  to  the  contemporary  work  of  two  Israeli-Mizrahi  poets  of  Moroccan  descent,  Erez  Biton  (b.  1942)  and  Shimon  Adaf  (b.  1972),  exploring  how  these  poets  generate  lyric  poetics  and  piyyutic  intertextuality  and  how  they  channel  the  conventions  of  these  genres  to  communicate  and  challenge  Mizrahi  identity  politics.The  dissertation's  central  conclusion  is  mirrored  in  both  halves,  revealing  how  the  term  "lyric"  has  been  defined  by  European  actors  as  a  medium  of  individual  autonomy  and  how  this  definition  has  been  used  to  argue  that  poets  of  non-European  origins  lack  the  capabilities  and  dispositions  needed  to  create  lyric  consciousness  in  their  work.  This  is  evident  in  nineteenth  century  lyric  theory  in  Germany  and  England,  where  "oriental"  poetry  (mainly  in  Arabic,  Hebrew,  and  Persian)  is  often  defined  as  too  devotional  or  disposed  to  despotism;  and  in  the  State  of  Israel,  where  Mizrahi  poetry  is  frequently  segregated  from  the  main  corpus  of  Hebrew  Literature  as  critics  accuse  it  of  being  too  prosaically  committed  to  its  thematic  materials  and  sociological  positioning  within  Israeli  ethno-economic  stratification.By  returning  to  the  discursive  origins  of  the  lyric  genre  and  treating  it  as  a  malleable  cognitive  concept,  the  dissertation  demonstrates  the  contingency  of  the  notion  of  lyric  as  the  medium  of  autonomous  expression.  This  approach  shows  that  lyric  self-consciousness  has  always  been  accessible  through  means  other  than  total  autonomous  individuation,  especially  intertextual  poetic  techniques  that  generate  heteronomous  self-expression.  In  this  vein,  the  dissertation  illustrates  how  classic  piyyut  offers  polyphonic  intertextual  rhyming  structures  and  how  modern  Mizrahi  poets  channel  this  staple  of  piyyut  into  constituting  original  lyric  personhood  structures.  This  methodological  emphasis  allows  us  to  see  piyyut  is  a  variant  model  of  lyric  poetry  and  to  analyze  Mizrahi  poetry  by  focusing  on  its  lyric  forms  and  not  only  its  content.To  substantiate  these  large  claims,  the  dissertation  makes  several  overarching  arguments  throughout  its  chapters:  During  medieval  times  (fourth  to  fourteenth  centuries)  in  the  Middle  East  and  around  the  Mediterranean  basin,  poetic  devices  began  to  appear  more  frequently  across  various  languages  from  both  Semitic  and  Indo-European  families.  These  devices  (e.g.,  rhyme,  acrostics,  alliteration)  contributed  to  making  poetry  "denser"  or  more  "artificed."  This  density  was  achieved  using  fewer  words  and  shorter  lines  that  carried  more  meaning  through  formal  and  intertextual  techniques,  allowing  words  to  possess  meanings  far  beyond  their  denotation.  As  these  devices  developed  across  different  cultures,  by  the  14th  century,  the  poetic  corpora  of  European  and  Middle  Eastern  languages  had  become  more  similar  than  ever  before.  In  Europe,  these  devices  were  incorporated  into  genres  described  contemporaneously  or  retrospectively  as  lyric  forms  (e.g.,  ode,  ballad,  sonnet).During  Europe's  Enlightenment  and  Romantic  periods,  a  new  focus  on  "oriental  poetry,"  specifically  poetry  in  Arabic,  Persian,  and  Hebrew,  fostered  a  rich  intellectual  conversation  about  the  lyric.  Based  on  the  notion  of  the  lyric  as  the  least  mimetic  classical  genre,  and  with  the  influence  of  the  long  East-West  development  of  dense  verse,  this  dialogue  allowed  thinkers  to  first  conceive  of  lyric  poetry  as  a  genre  that  mediates  through  self-expression  the  universal  aesthetic  apprehension  of  the  world  and  particular  cultural  differences.  This  discourse  marked  Western  lyric  poetry  as  a  literary  medium  of  autonomous  expression  while  deeming  oriental  poetry  as  inherently  heteronomous.The  history  of  this  conversation,  which  intermingled  lyric  theory  and  Orientalism  is  often  overlooked.  Yet,  it  is  crucial  for  understanding  the  twentieth  and  twenty-first  century  persistent  assertions  that  lyric  poetry  is  an  inherently  secular  and  autonomous  genre.  By  retracing  the  origins  of  this  idea,  the  dissertation  identifies  an  alternative  path  that  views  religious,  heteronomous  poetry  such  as  piyyut  as  capable  of  generating  lyric  self-consciousness  through  different  means.Intertextual  rhyme  is  the  primary  device  for  piyyutic  lyric  self-consciousness,  combining  midrashic  exegesis  with  alliterative  sound-play  norms.  This  device  creates  an  expansive,  open  interpretive  field,  inviting  readers  to  engage  with  the  poem  by  connecting  similar-sounding  phrases,  in-text  meanings,  and  the  interplay  of  evoked  texts  that  clarify  or  contradict  one  another.  Poetry  is  thus  made  "lyrical"  by  enabling  words  and  allusions  to  work  together  to  produce  novel,  indeterminate  meanings.  In  doing  so,  piyyut  and  piyyut-like  poetry  do  not  assume  autonomy  or  primacy  as  prerequisites  for  lyric  consciousness,  as  they  inherently  rely  on  other  texts  and  speakers  to  generate  meaning.In  post-1948  Israel,  hegemonic  groups  have  used  the  concept  of  lyric  to  marginalize  Mizrahi  poetry,  often  treating  it  as  a  thematic  supplement  rather  than  a  core  component  of  Hebrew  poetics.  Recent  approaches  to  Mizrahi  literature  do  better  by  arguing  for  this  poetry's  recognition  as  minor  literature  within  Hebrew  literature  or  as  a  manifestation  of  Israeli  cultural  hybridization.  Without  negating  these  perspectives,  my  dissertation  emphasizes  the  importance  of  examining  Mizrahi  literature  as  poetry  unto  itself  and  not  only  by  the  labor  it  performs  towards  other  aspects  of  Hebrew  literature  and  culture.  This  can  be  achieved  by  reading  Mizrahi  poetry  for  its  lyric  forms,  particularly  the  new  formations  of  lyric  personhood  and  the  revitalization  of  piyyutic  intertextuality.I  exemplify  this  approach  through  the  works  of  Erez  Biton  and  Shimon  Adaf.  In  Biton's  poetry,  I  trace  his  engagement  with  piyyut  from  his  early  works  in  the  1960s  and  1970s,  highlighting  his  development  of  a  lyric  epistemology  shaped  by  societal  stratification  and  oppression.  Biton's  poetic  code,  characterized  by  piyyutic  intertextuality,  multilingualism,  and  irony,  reveals  the  contingency  of  supposedly  objective  language  and  exposes  alternative configurations  of  meaning  by  emphasizing  the  gap  between  hegemonic  language  and  the  reality  it  fails  to  describe.  I  also  situate  Biton's  lyric  practice  within  and  against  the  poetics  of  the  Israeli  Statehood  Generation,  particularly  Natan  Zach,  to  demonstrate  the  intergenerational  dynamics  linking  his  work  to  the  preceding  major  generation  of  poetry.  By  doing  so,  I  establish  Biton's  place  in  the  dual  lineages  of  piyyut  and  modern  Hebrew  poetry.Adaf's  writing,  particularly  in  the  poetry  volume  Aviva-No  (2009)  and  the  novel  Frost  (2010),  demonstrates  efforts  to  channel  piyyutic  writing  conventions  to  transcend  biographical  readings  and  achieve  a  Mizrahi  phenomenology  not  constrained  by  colloquial  identity  discourse.  In  a  dual  endeavor  to  find  the  alterity  central  to  his  idea  of  identity  and  to  find  how  melancholic  writing  can  sublimate  absence  into  presence,  Adaf  uses  piyyutic  intertextuality  to  provide  a  complex  understanding  of  identity  committed  to  specific  biographical  events  without  being  confined  to  the  idea  of  a  biography.  In  these  writings,  Adaf  interrogates  and  pushes  to  its  limit  the  recent  trend  of  biographic  poetry  by  offering  a  structure  of  lyric  personhood  that  relates  to  life  history  in  the  same  indeterminate  way  that  tradition  refers  to  scripture.By  examining  these  works,  the  dissertation  challenges  traditional  identity  politics  that  emphasize  fixed  notions  of  sameness.  Instead,  it  promotes  a  radical  understanding  of  identity  that  embraces  alterity  and  fluidity,  offering  a  nuanced  perspective  on  how  self-expression  can  offer  lyric  forms  that  manifest  collective  identities  and  histories.My  research  highlights  the  significant  yet  often  overlooked  role  of  piyyut  in  modern  Hebrew  literature,  arguing  for  its  relevance  and  transformative  potential  in  contemporary  poetic  expressions.  
■520    ▼aEngaging  with  scholars  like  Chana  Kronfeld,  Gil  Anidjar,  Haviva  Pedaya,  and  Lital  Levy,  this  dissertation  redefines  the  scope  of  "New  Hebrew  Literature,"  challenging  the  secularized  assumptions  that  have  historically  governed  the  field.  It  advocates  for  a  rethinking  of  this  literary  category,  emphasizing  the  interconnectedness  and  mutual  influence  of  diverse  literary  traditions,  integrating  secular  literary  origins  and  traditional  liturgy.  This  approach  fosters  inclusivity  and  diversity,  encouraging  an  open-ended  exploration  within  Hebrew  literature  that  honors  its  European  and  Middle  Eastern  roots,  recognizing  the  rich  tapestry  of  cultural  and  poetic  exchanges  that  have  shaped  its  evolution.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aLiterature
■650  4▼aJudaic  studies
■650  4▼aNear  Eastern  studies
■653    ▼aHebrew
■653    ▼aJewish
■653    ▼aLyric
■653    ▼aMizrahi
■653    ▼aPiyyut
■653    ▼aPoetry
■690    ▼a0401
■690    ▼a0751
■690    ▼a0559
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bNear  Eastern  Studies.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-03A.
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163646▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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