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Essays on Household Finance and Health Economics
Essays on Household Finance and Health Economics
Essays on Household Finance and Health Economics

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151343
ISBN  
9798383163085
DDC  
310
저자명  
Ascarza-Mendoza, Diego.
서명/저자  
Essays on Household Finance and Health Economics
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Minnesota, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
192 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Bhandari, Anmol;Jones, Larry E.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Minnesota, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation consists of three chapters. The first chapter studies why two out of three Americans claim Social Security benefits before reaching their Full Retirement Age and why even sufficiently rich people often claim early. I resolve this puzzling phenomenon by extending a standard incomplete markets life-cycle model to incorporate health dynamics and bequest motives. Relative to the existing literature, health plays a broader role, affecting medical expenses and mortality and directly the marginal utility of consumption. This role of health is disciplined using microdata on consumption, assets, income, and health from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and the Consumption and Activities Mail Survey (CAMS). The calibrated model successfully replicates the fraction of early claimers. Counterfactual exercises show that health-dependent preferences and bequest motives are crucial for this result. The model's success is explained by a novel channel that comes from the interaction between the negative effect of worsening health on the marginal utility of consumption, the downward health trend because of aging, and bequest motives. These two elements reduce the gains from delaying by 1) making individuals more impatient and 2) increasing the strength of bequest motives relative to future consumption. The second chapter is joint work with Christian Velasquez and Walter Ruelas-Huanca. This chapter explores the dynamics of mental health over the life cycle and assesses how sensible it is to approximate health by only considering physical health. Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) and approximating mental health with the presence of depression symptoms, we document seven facts about the evolution of mental health and contrast them with physical health. The results show two striking differences between mental health and physical health. First, while physical health consistently deteriorates with age, depression incidence follows a U-shape. Second, the likelihood of full recovery from physical health deficits decreases with age and is lower than the one for mental health, which exhibits a flat pattern. Finally, we propose and estimate a parsimonious statistical model for mental health that replicates these facts and can be easily incorporated into life cycle models. The third chapter is joint work with Tomas Rose and James Schmitz. This chapter studies the welfare implications of granting access to a standard mortgage-type credit market for financing affordable, factory-built homes. First, we briefly describe the legal regulations that have allegedly precluded low- and middle-income households in the US from accessing regular mortgage credit lines to finance the purchase of factory-built homes. We further document the current status of the credit market in the manufactured homes segment and highlight the predominance of loans featuring higher interest rates, shorter maturity, and absence of tax deductions (since some of these loans do not qualify legally as mortgages). We build a simple, dynamic, life-cycle model of housing decisions to quantify the welfare gains from changing these regulations. Using data from IPUMS (US Census Bureau), the PSID, and several other available sources, we calibrate our model to match the current home-ownership distribution at the bottom half of the US income distribution. Even at our most conservative exercise, in which we only allow for tax deductions at the factory-built homes credit segment (without modifying either the interest rate or the time to maturity), we find significant welfare gains that are equivalent to, on average, a permanent real income transfer of 6%, or to a present discounted life-time real income transfer of 94%.
일반주제명  
Statistics
일반주제명  
Mental health
일반주제명  
Finance
키워드  
Health
키워드  
Manufactured homes
키워드  
Complete markets
키워드  
Mortgage
키워드  
Social security
기타저자  
University of Minnesota Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aAscarza-Mendoza,  Diego.
■24510▼aEssays  on  Household  Finance  and  Health  Economics
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Minnesota▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a192  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Bhandari,  Anmol;Jones,  Larry  E.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Minnesota,  2024.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  consists  of  three  chapters.  The  first  chapter  studies  why  two  out  of  three  Americans  claim  Social  Security  benefits  before  reaching  their  Full  Retirement  Age  and  why  even  sufficiently  rich  people  often  claim  early.  I  resolve  this  puzzling  phenomenon  by  extending  a  standard  incomplete  markets  life-cycle  model  to  incorporate  health  dynamics  and  bequest  motives.  Relative  to  the  existing  literature,  health  plays  a  broader  role,  affecting  medical  expenses  and  mortality  and  directly  the  marginal  utility  of  consumption.  This  role  of  health  is  disciplined  using  microdata  on  consumption,  assets,  income,  and  health  from  the  Health  and  Retirement  Study  (HRS)  and  the  Consumption  and  Activities  Mail  Survey  (CAMS).    The  calibrated  model  successfully  replicates  the  fraction  of  early  claimers.  Counterfactual  exercises  show  that  health-dependent  preferences  and  bequest  motives  are  crucial  for  this  result.  The  model's  success  is  explained  by  a  novel  channel  that  comes  from  the  interaction  between  the  negative  effect  of  worsening  health  on  the  marginal  utility  of  consumption,  the  downward  health  trend  because  of  aging,  and  bequest  motives.  These  two  elements  reduce  the  gains  from  delaying  by  1)  making  individuals  more  impatient  and  2)  increasing  the  strength  of  bequest  motives  relative  to  future  consumption.    The  second  chapter  is  joint  work  with  Christian  Velasquez  and  Walter  Ruelas-Huanca.  This  chapter  explores  the  dynamics  of  mental  health  over  the  life  cycle  and  assesses  how  sensible  it  is  to  approximate  health  by  only  considering  physical  health.  Using  data  from  the  Panel  Study  of  Income  Dynamics  (PSID)  and  approximating  mental  health  with  the  presence  of  depression  symptoms,    we  document  seven  facts  about  the  evolution  of  mental  health  and  contrast  them  with  physical  health.  The  results  show  two  striking  differences  between  mental  health  and  physical  health.  First,  while  physical  health  consistently  deteriorates  with  age,  depression  incidence  follows  a  U-shape.  Second,  the  likelihood  of  full  recovery  from  physical  health  deficits  decreases  with  age  and  is  lower  than  the  one  for  mental  health,  which  exhibits  a  flat  pattern.  Finally,  we  propose  and  estimate  a  parsimonious  statistical  model  for  mental  health  that  replicates  these  facts  and  can  be  easily  incorporated  into  life  cycle  models.    The  third  chapter  is  joint  work  with  Tomas  Rose  and  James  Schmitz.  This  chapter  studies  the  welfare  implications  of  granting  access  to  a  standard  mortgage-type  credit  market  for  financing  affordable,  factory-built  homes.  First,  we  briefly  describe  the  legal  regulations  that  have  allegedly  precluded  low-  and  middle-income  households  in  the  US  from  accessing  regular  mortgage  credit  lines  to  finance  the  purchase  of  factory-built  homes.  We  further  document  the  current  status  of  the  credit  market  in  the  manufactured  homes  segment  and  highlight  the  predominance  of  loans  featuring  higher  interest  rates,  shorter  maturity,  and  absence  of  tax  deductions  (since  some  of  these  loans  do  not  qualify  legally  as  mortgages).  We  build  a  simple,  dynamic,  life-cycle  model  of  housing  decisions  to  quantify  the  welfare  gains  from  changing  these  regulations.  Using  data  from  IPUMS  (US  Census  Bureau),  the  PSID,  and  several  other  available  sources,  we  calibrate  our  model  to  match  the  current  home-ownership  distribution  at  the  bottom  half  of  the  US  income  distribution.  Even  at  our  most  conservative  exercise,  in  which  we  only  allow  for  tax  deductions  at  the  factory-built  homes  credit  segment  (without  modifying  either  the  interest  rate  or  the  time  to  maturity),  we  find  significant  welfare  gains  that  are  equivalent  to,  on  average,  a  permanent  real  income  transfer  of  6%,  or  to  a  present  discounted  life-time  real  income  transfer  of  94%.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0130.
■650  4▼aStatistics
■650  4▼aMental  health
■650  4▼aFinance
■653    ▼aHealth
■653    ▼aManufactured  homes
■653    ▼aComplete  markets
■653    ▼aMortgage
■653    ▼aSocial  security
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0347
■690    ▼a0272
■690    ▼a0508
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■71020▼aUniversity  of  Minnesota▼bEconomics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12B.
■790    ▼a0130
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17161350▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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