Essays in Development Economics
Essays in Development Economics
Detailed Information
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211151358
- ISBN
- 9798382762036
- DDC
- 333
- 서명/저자
- Essays in Development Economics
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Northwestern University, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 230 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Udry, Christopher;Jayachandran, Seema.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northwestern University, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Reducing global poverty and combating climate change and environmental degradation are among the most pressing challenges of our time. These problems are intertwined. Just as climate change threatens economic prosperity, especially in low-income countries, economic development can also affect the environment. Chapters 1 and 2 focus on one of the two directions of causality, examining how economic development influences environmental outcomes, with a particular focus on deforestation.Chapter 1 examines the impact of a new agricultural technology, genetically modified (GM) seeds, on deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. The empirical strategy leverages the heterogeneous effects the introduction of GM soy seeds had on soy productivity across areas based on soil and weather characteristics, along with satellite data on land use. I find that increases in soy productivity lead to changes in the local land use composition as soy replaces pastures for cattle grazing. This direct effect decreases deforestation because soy cultivation is less land intensive than cattle grazing, and the expansion of soy cultivation was concentrated in regions with the lowest initial forest areas, where constraints on new deforestation are more binding. However, my findings suggest that pastures are displaced to areas connected by the road network, thereby causing deforestation through the indirect channel. Overall, the introduction of GM soy contributed to 7.4% of the total deforested area in the Brazilian Amazon between 2003 and 2010. While scholars have made significant strides in understanding deforestation drivers in the Amazon region and Indonesia, our knowledge of how economic activity impacts deforestation in the Congo Basin, the world's second-largest rainforest, remains limited. Chapter 2 addresses this vacuum by examining the impact of mining activity on deforestation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), using novel administrative data on mine openings and contracts. We employ a staggered adoption differences-in-differences design, leveraging the large increase in the issuance of mining permits between 2002 and 2021 following the enactment of a new Mining Code in the DRC in 2002. We find that the opening of mines leads to forest loss within mine boundaries. However, the opening of mines leads to a decrease in deforestation rates in areas surrounding the mine, which is driven by provinces with more conflict at baseline. We find that there is both a relocation of labor from agriculture to mining, as slash-and-burn agriculture decreases, and a reduction in other forest-related activities like logging, as other forms of deforestation not related to wildfires also decrease. Finally, we find that only the opening of gold mines leads to decreases in deforestation, as non-gold mines have a null effect. Chapter 3 shifts focus from the environment to women in the labor force. My co-authors and I analyze women's labor market participation in England between 1851 and 1911 using newly digitized census microdata. We document several empirical facts about women's employment during this period. Married women experienced a 40% reduction in labor force participation, while single women and men saw no significant changes. The decline in married women's participation is primarily due to younger cohorts choosing not to enter the labor force. We find that potential explanations, such as the emerging male breadwinner household model and changes in household structure, are unlikely to account for the trends observed. Institutional constraints and labor legislation likely played a more significant role. Women were mainly employed in textiles and domestic service industries. Our theoretical model suggests that increasing societal barriers may have influenced married women's labor market participation over time.
- 일반주제명
- Land use planning
- 일반주제명
- Climate change
- 키워드
- Deforestation
- 기타저자
- Northwestern University Economics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-11B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
008250123s2024 us c eng d■001000017161452
■00520250211151358
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798382762036
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31243984
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a333
■1001 ▼aDecamps, Marie-Louise.
■24510▼aEssays in Development Economics
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bNorthwestern University▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a230 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Udry, Christopher;Jayachandran, Seema.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Northwestern University, 2024.
■520 ▼aReducing global poverty and combating climate change and environmental degradation are among the most pressing challenges of our time. These problems are intertwined. Just as climate change threatens economic prosperity, especially in low-income countries, economic development can also affect the environment. Chapters 1 and 2 focus on one of the two directions of causality, examining how economic development influences environmental outcomes, with a particular focus on deforestation.Chapter 1 examines the impact of a new agricultural technology, genetically modified (GM) seeds, on deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. The empirical strategy leverages the heterogeneous effects the introduction of GM soy seeds had on soy productivity across areas based on soil and weather characteristics, along with satellite data on land use. I find that increases in soy productivity lead to changes in the local land use composition as soy replaces pastures for cattle grazing. This direct effect decreases deforestation because soy cultivation is less land intensive than cattle grazing, and the expansion of soy cultivation was concentrated in regions with the lowest initial forest areas, where constraints on new deforestation are more binding. However, my findings suggest that pastures are displaced to areas connected by the road network, thereby causing deforestation through the indirect channel. Overall, the introduction of GM soy contributed to 7.4% of the total deforested area in the Brazilian Amazon between 2003 and 2010. While scholars have made significant strides in understanding deforestation drivers in the Amazon region and Indonesia, our knowledge of how economic activity impacts deforestation in the Congo Basin, the world's second-largest rainforest, remains limited. Chapter 2 addresses this vacuum by examining the impact of mining activity on deforestation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), using novel administrative data on mine openings and contracts. We employ a staggered adoption differences-in-differences design, leveraging the large increase in the issuance of mining permits between 2002 and 2021 following the enactment of a new Mining Code in the DRC in 2002. We find that the opening of mines leads to forest loss within mine boundaries. However, the opening of mines leads to a decrease in deforestation rates in areas surrounding the mine, which is driven by provinces with more conflict at baseline. We find that there is both a relocation of labor from agriculture to mining, as slash-and-burn agriculture decreases, and a reduction in other forest-related activities like logging, as other forms of deforestation not related to wildfires also decrease. Finally, we find that only the opening of gold mines leads to decreases in deforestation, as non-gold mines have a null effect. Chapter 3 shifts focus from the environment to women in the labor force. My co-authors and I analyze women's labor market participation in England between 1851 and 1911 using newly digitized census microdata. We document several empirical facts about women's employment during this period. Married women experienced a 40% reduction in labor force participation, while single women and men saw no significant changes. The decline in married women's participation is primarily due to younger cohorts choosing not to enter the labor force. We find that potential explanations, such as the emerging male breadwinner household model and changes in household structure, are unlikely to account for the trends observed. Institutional constraints and labor legislation likely played a more significant role. Women were mainly employed in textiles and domestic service industries. Our theoretical model suggests that increasing societal barriers may have influenced married women's labor market participation over time.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0163.
■650 4▼aLand use planning
■650 4▼aClimate change
■653 ▼aDeforestation
■653 ▼aDevelopment economics
■653 ▼aLand use composition
■653 ▼aEnvironmental degradation
■690 ▼a0501
■690 ▼a0438
■690 ▼a0510
■690 ▼a0404
■690 ▼a0536
■71020▼aNorthwestern University▼bEconomics.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g85-11B.
■790 ▼a0163
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17161452▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
Preview
Export
ChatGPT Discussion
AI Recommended Related Books
ค้นหาข้อมูลรายละเอียด
- จองห้องพัก
- ไม่อยู่
- โฟลเดอร์ของฉัน
- ขอดูแรก
- Non-Book Loan Application
- Nighttime Book Loan Application
Available after logging in.


