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More Than Just a Tug: Understanding the User Experience and Wearability of Skin Stretch Systems
More Than Just a Tug: Understanding the User Experience and Wearability of Skin Stretch Sy...
More Than Just a Tug: Understanding the User Experience and Wearability of Skin Stretch Systems

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152035
ISBN  
9798383703830
DDC  
741
저자명  
Pettys-Baker, Robert Theodore Michael.
서명/저자  
More Than Just a Tug: Understanding the User Experience and Wearability of Skin Stretch Systems
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Minnesota, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
187 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Holschuh, Brad.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Minnesota, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Skin stretch is a form of haptic feedback that has great potential to produce dynamic touch feedback on the body but has been neglected relative to other forms of haptics like vibration and compression. Skin stretch is unique in that it is a very natural and familiar form of touch, but it is difficult to replicate artificially through wearable technologies. Devices must interface with the skin such that they can produce the desired sensation without causing the user discomfort, produce consistent feedback across the body, and be producible in an easy to manufacture for. Current strategies have primarily focused on smaller skin stretch deployments and have relied on adhesives to anchor to the body without considering how such anchors impact the wearer. This means that the literature has failed to engage with them with the curiosity and interdisciplinary thinking required to make devices that work to address major design concerns. Moreover, the literature lacks clear qualitative feedback about non-prescriptive perceptions of skin stretch (i.e. non-guided perception of skin stretch). So, to understand how to optimize skin stretch devices for user experience and wearability this work focused on the iterative design and testing of a novel garment-based skin stretch system.The first major undertaking in this work was the development of a system that aids in addressing the gaps in our understanding of skin stretch feedback. Clear design criteria were developed to guide the design process based on existing literature on wearability and device design. The design process from initial concepts and benchtop testing to testable working prototypes is covered. The finalized system uses shape memory alloy (SMA) coil actuators, which can be attached and detached using hook and eyes. The system anchors to the body using silicone which allows for strong grip to the skin without the negative effects of adhesives. Throughout a series of tests the design was tested and refined to further improve the system.The first set of prototypes was characterized mechanically, and then deployed on real users to understand the base effects of device. This examination followed a mixed methods study design by examining functional qualities like perceived force and comfort, while also asking long form questions about how users perceive and understand the device. Through this study it was found that users can experience of an array of distinct stimuli through the use of skin stretch haptics. Users found the experience novel and enjoyable but felt the system could be stronger in power. The system design was refined based upon the feedback of the initial test as well as researcher observations. This led to key design changes to the fit, closure, and general system set up.To validate these changes to the design, the initial and refined prototypes were compared against one another. The results showed that the design, and more importantly fit, of a skin stretch device can greatly change how the stimuli is perceived, with better fit leading to more consistent haptic feedback. This was followed by a study comparing adhesive anchors to silicone anchors. It was found that users unanimously preferred silicone anchors because they were more comfortable, more sustainable for long-term use, and were less painful than adhesive anchors when doffing the device. A final perception study focused on two-point threshold and direction discrimination testing. This examination moved the analysis of the system beyond mere detection and into more complex touch perceptions. The two-point threshold results found that depending on direction of actuation the threshold distance changed, with the vertical threshold being stronger than the horizontal threshold. The direction discrimination results showed that participants were not able to easily determine the direction of a skin stretch stimuli. This suggests that further design improvements are needed to enable clear direction discrimination.In the end, this research advances the state of the art of skin stretch as a mode of haptic interaction, adds to the body of literature about garment-based haptic system design and engineering, and demonstrates the importance of finding balance between functional performance and wearability through an analysis of the wearables literature and reflects on the way forward for skin stretch haptics. The broad contributions of this work center around the novel system design as it applies to the user, the nuanced nature of user perception of skin strain stimuli, as well as clear design feedback for the development of skin stretch devices. These studies have allowed for a much clearer picture of what skin stretch is and how it could be used for the betterment of people's lives.      
일반주제명  
Design
일반주제명  
Biomedical engineering
일반주제명  
Computer science
일반주제명  
Systems science
키워드  
Shape memory alloy
키워드  
System design
키워드  
Silicone anchors
키워드  
Wearables literature
키워드  
Skin stretch
기타저자  
University of Minnesota Human Factors/Ergonomics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-02B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a741
■1001  ▼aPettys-Baker,  Robert  Theodore  Michael.
■24510▼aMore  Than  Just  a  Tug:  Understanding  the  User  Experience  and  Wearability  of  Skin  Stretch  Systems
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Minnesota▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a187  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Holschuh,  Brad.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Minnesota,  2024.
■520    ▼aSkin  stretch  is  a  form  of  haptic  feedback  that  has  great  potential  to  produce  dynamic  touch  feedback  on  the  body  but  has  been  neglected  relative  to  other  forms  of  haptics  like  vibration  and  compression.  Skin  stretch  is  unique  in  that  it  is  a  very  natural  and  familiar  form  of  touch,  but  it  is  difficult  to  replicate  artificially  through  wearable  technologies.  Devices  must  interface  with  the  skin  such  that  they  can  produce  the  desired  sensation  without  causing  the  user  discomfort,  produce  consistent  feedback  across  the  body,  and  be  producible  in  an  easy  to  manufacture  for.  Current  strategies  have  primarily  focused  on  smaller  skin  stretch  deployments  and  have  relied  on  adhesives  to  anchor  to  the  body  without  considering  how  such  anchors  impact  the  wearer.  This  means  that  the  literature  has  failed  to  engage  with  them  with  the  curiosity  and  interdisciplinary  thinking  required  to  make  devices  that  work  to  address  major  design  concerns.  Moreover,  the  literature  lacks  clear  qualitative  feedback  about  non-prescriptive  perceptions  of  skin  stretch  (i.e.  non-guided  perception  of  skin  stretch).  So,  to  understand  how  to  optimize  skin  stretch  devices  for  user  experience  and  wearability  this  work  focused  on  the  iterative  design  and  testing  of  a  novel  garment-based  skin  stretch  system.The  first  major  undertaking  in  this  work  was  the  development  of  a  system  that  aids  in  addressing  the  gaps  in  our  understanding  of  skin  stretch  feedback.  Clear  design  criteria  were  developed  to  guide  the  design  process  based  on  existing  literature  on  wearability  and  device  design.  The  design  process  from  initial  concepts  and  benchtop  testing  to  testable  working  prototypes  is  covered.  The  finalized  system  uses  shape  memory  alloy  (SMA)  coil  actuators,  which  can  be  attached  and  detached  using  hook  and  eyes.  The  system  anchors  to  the  body  using  silicone  which  allows  for  strong  grip  to  the  skin  without  the  negative  effects  of  adhesives.  Throughout  a  series  of  tests  the  design  was  tested  and  refined  to  further  improve  the  system.The  first  set  of  prototypes  was  characterized  mechanically,  and  then  deployed  on  real  users  to  understand  the  base  effects  of  device.  This  examination  followed  a  mixed  methods  study  design  by  examining  functional  qualities  like  perceived  force  and  comfort,  while  also  asking  long  form  questions  about  how  users  perceive  and  understand  the  device.  Through  this  study  it  was  found  that  users  can  experience  of  an  array  of  distinct  stimuli  through  the  use  of  skin  stretch  haptics.  Users  found  the  experience  novel  and  enjoyable  but  felt  the  system  could  be  stronger  in  power.  The  system  design  was  refined  based  upon  the  feedback  of  the  initial  test  as  well  as  researcher  observations.  This  led  to  key  design  changes  to  the  fit,  closure,  and  general  system  set  up.To  validate  these  changes  to  the  design,  the  initial  and  refined  prototypes  were  compared  against  one  another.  The  results  showed  that  the  design,  and  more  importantly  fit,  of  a  skin  stretch  device  can  greatly  change  how  the  stimuli  is  perceived,  with  better  fit  leading  to  more  consistent  haptic  feedback.  This  was  followed  by  a  study  comparing  adhesive  anchors  to  silicone  anchors.  It  was  found  that  users  unanimously  preferred  silicone  anchors  because  they  were  more  comfortable,  more  sustainable  for  long-term  use,  and  were  less  painful  than  adhesive  anchors  when  doffing  the  device. A  final  perception  study  focused  on  two-point  threshold  and  direction  discrimination  testing.  This  examination  moved  the  analysis  of  the  system  beyond  mere  detection  and  into  more  complex  touch  perceptions.  The  two-point  threshold  results  found  that  depending  on  direction  of  actuation  the  threshold  distance  changed,  with  the  vertical  threshold  being  stronger  than  the  horizontal  threshold.  The  direction  discrimination  results  showed  that  participants  were  not  able  to  easily  determine  the  direction  of  a  skin  stretch  stimuli.  This  suggests  that  further  design  improvements  are  needed  to  enable  clear  direction  discrimination.In  the  end,  this  research  advances  the  state  of  the  art  of  skin  stretch  as  a  mode  of  haptic  interaction,  adds  to  the  body  of  literature  about  garment-based  haptic  system  design  and  engineering,  and  demonstrates  the  importance  of  finding  balance  between  functional  performance  and  wearability  through  an  analysis  of  the  wearables  literature  and  reflects  on  the  way  forward  for  skin  stretch  haptics.  The  broad  contributions  of  this  work  center  around  the  novel  system  design  as  it  applies  to  the  user,  the  nuanced  nature  of  user  perception  of  skin  strain  stimuli,  as  well  as  clear  design  feedback  for  the  development  of  skin  stretch  devices.  These studies  have  allowed  for  a  much  clearer  picture  of  what  skin  stretch  is  and  how  it  could  be  used  for  the  betterment  of  people's  lives.      
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0130.
■650  4▼aDesign
■650  4▼aBiomedical  engineering
■650  4▼aComputer  science
■650  4▼aSystems  science
■653    ▼aShape  memory  alloy
■653    ▼aSystem  design  
■653    ▼aSilicone  anchors
■653    ▼aWearables  literature
■653    ▼aSkin  stretch
■690    ▼a0389
■690    ▼a0984
■690    ▼a0541
■690    ▼a0790
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Minnesota▼bHuman  Factors/Ergonomics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-02B.
■790    ▼a0130
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162627▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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