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Improving the Representation of Fresh Wildfire Smoke Plumes in Air Quality Forecasts
Improving the Representation of Fresh Wildfire Smoke Plumes in Air Quality Forecasts
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211152816
- ISBN
- 9798384069034
- DDC
- 551.5
- 서명/저자
- Improving the Representation of Fresh Wildfire Smoke Plumes in Air Quality Forecasts
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of California, Los Angeles, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 267 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Saide, Pablo E.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Wildfires are increasing in size and frequency in the Western US due to a complex interplay between climate change and landscape-scale fire exclusion practices. The smoke from these fires is degrading air quality across much of the Continental US. Chemical transport models are vital for warning the public about smoky periods, but uncertainties related to fresh smoke plumes can propagate through these models and cause errors in the resulting air quality forecasts.We address model uncertainty related to smoke plume vertical extent and total emissions. First, we use aircraft observations obtained during the 2019 Western US wildfires (FIREX-AQ) to evaluate and constrain a commonly used smoke plume rise parameterization in two smoke models (WRF-Chem and HRRR-Smoke). Observations show that free tropospheric smoke layers occur in 35% of observed plumes and up to 95% of modeled plumes. False free tropospheric smoke injections were primarily associated with models overestimating fire heat flux by up to a factor of 25. Next, we present data-driven methods for predicting day-to-day changes in smoke emissions. Our top-performing model (random forest) explains 48% of the variance in observed daily emissions and outperforms the current operational assumption that emissions will remain constant over a forecast period (persistence, R2=0.02). This model primarily relies on fire weather data to inform its predictions. Finally, we show preliminary results from WRF-Chem simulations which include random forest-derived emissions and updated heat flux values. We find that in the vicinity of large wildfires in 2020 under less severe fire weather, the random forest-derived emissions can produce better predictions of aerosol optical depth (AOD) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) than the persistence fire emissions. However, in most cases, persistence and random forest-derived emissions yield very similar AOD and PM2.5 predictions, and that the random forest-derived emissions can both improve and degrade AOD and PM2.5 forecasts. Overall, this work demonstrates the utility of incorporating fire observations to quantify and address uncertainties in our state-of-the-art air quality modeling systems.
- 일반주제명
- Atmospheric chemistry
- 일반주제명
- Geophysics
- 일반주제명
- Atmospheric sciences
- 키워드
- Wildfires
- 키워드
- Air quality
- 키워드
- Smoke plumes
- 기타저자
- University of California, Los Angeles Atmospheric & Oceanic Sciences 002E
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520250211152816
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798384069034
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31558675
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a551.5
■1001 ▼aThapa, Laura Hughes.
■24510▼aImproving the Representation of Fresh Wildfire Smoke Plumes in Air Quality Forecasts
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of California, Los Angeles▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a267 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Saide, Pablo E.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2024.
■520 ▼aWildfires are increasing in size and frequency in the Western US due to a complex interplay between climate change and landscape-scale fire exclusion practices. The smoke from these fires is degrading air quality across much of the Continental US. Chemical transport models are vital for warning the public about smoky periods, but uncertainties related to fresh smoke plumes can propagate through these models and cause errors in the resulting air quality forecasts.We address model uncertainty related to smoke plume vertical extent and total emissions. First, we use aircraft observations obtained during the 2019 Western US wildfires (FIREX-AQ) to evaluate and constrain a commonly used smoke plume rise parameterization in two smoke models (WRF-Chem and HRRR-Smoke). Observations show that free tropospheric smoke layers occur in 35% of observed plumes and up to 95% of modeled plumes. False free tropospheric smoke injections were primarily associated with models overestimating fire heat flux by up to a factor of 25. Next, we present data-driven methods for predicting day-to-day changes in smoke emissions. Our top-performing model (random forest) explains 48% of the variance in observed daily emissions and outperforms the current operational assumption that emissions will remain constant over a forecast period (persistence, R2=0.02). This model primarily relies on fire weather data to inform its predictions. Finally, we show preliminary results from WRF-Chem simulations which include random forest-derived emissions and updated heat flux values. We find that in the vicinity of large wildfires in 2020 under less severe fire weather, the random forest-derived emissions can produce better predictions of aerosol optical depth (AOD) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) than the persistence fire emissions. However, in most cases, persistence and random forest-derived emissions yield very similar AOD and PM2.5 predictions, and that the random forest-derived emissions can both improve and degrade AOD and PM2.5 forecasts. Overall, this work demonstrates the utility of incorporating fire observations to quantify and address uncertainties in our state-of-the-art air quality modeling systems.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0031.
■650 4▼aAtmospheric chemistry
■650 4▼aGeophysics
■650 4▼aAtmospheric sciences
■653 ▼aAerosol optical depth
■653 ▼aWildfires
■653 ▼aAir quality
■653 ▼aSmoke plumes
■690 ▼a0371
■690 ▼a0725
■690 ▼a0373
■71020▼aUniversity of California, Los Angeles▼bAtmospheric & Oceanic Sciences 002E.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-03B.
■790 ▼a0031
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163971▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


